River Pinega: photo, vabati vechibharo, urefu

Enzizi vagara nzvimbo wevasungwa dzomumisha dzevanhu, sezvo ivo vari kunobva uye mvura, uye nehove, uye waterfowl. Pinega rwizi - Hapana Kunze pachinhu ichi, sezvo mukuru anozivikanwa mishumo kuti pamahombekombe chete zita raiva nzvimbo, kureva XII remakore.

Kusawirirana pamusoro zita

Pakazosvika tabvumirana remasayendisiti rinoshandurwa zita rerwizi haana kuuya. Vamwe vavo kuti vanodavira kuti kwazvinoita mutauro Finnish, uye ine mashoko maviri - "peni", iro rinoreva "imbwa" uye "joki" - rwizi. Prerequisites, nei vokutanga kugara Pinega saka zita, kwete nokuti kana chimiro kwayo kana pemahombekombe anozviita mhuka yakaita.

Chimwe pfungwa kuti zita kunobva chete mudzi, asi kuBaltic-Finnish yekare remutauro, zvichireva "diki", iro zvakare hachisi chokwadi, vakapiwa kuti nokureba Pinega River ndiye 779? Km.

Kubva chero mutauro kana raiva zita, izvozvo akavanamatira uye anoramba embody rwizi akanaka Arkhangelsk mudunhu.

Nzvimbo yomugariro rwizi

Kwemapazi nzizi mbiri - White uye Black - kurudyi rakakwirira kumahombekombe Northern Dvina akapiwa "upenyu" Pinega. Most kwayo kosi iri mune floodplain mumupata kuburikidza iyo zvishoma nezvishoma rinotakura mvura yaro, inorasikira muchirimo nenzizi uye chirimo anova kudzika.

In yayo dzakaderera kunosvika kuna Pinega pedyo chaizvo "vakasarudzwa" kurwizi Kula, akanga kamwe dzakazvuzvurudzwa pakati pavo, uye munguva yedu, vakasungwa kupa, yakavakwa muna 20-ies pakati XX remakore. Kubvira kare kare, vatengesi akashandisa portage hakumbofi igwa pamusoro pfupi munyika pakati penzizi, rakanga akavabvumira kuti nomusi Kula muna Mezen Bay, iyo inoyerera muGungwa White.

Pashure "musangano" pamwe Kuloem Pinega rwizi anongovangira kumaodzanyemba-kumadokero kusvika pamuromo Palengi. Razminuvshis pamwe payo zvinotora yokumadokero negwara.

Nokuti anopfuura 600? Km rwizi Pinega (Arkhangelsk nharaunda) riri navigable, saka anopinda waterways yokunyoresa Russia.

Water utongi

With dziva 42,000 km ^2, 90% nemasango, Pinyega ane makubhiti 20 M rokumusoro chikamu uye anosvika 190 M kwaro muromo chikamu, asi dzinosiyana mafashamo. Kazhinji, nzizi chinoteverwa nokukurumidza chaizvo kuwedzera mumvura anokonzerwa kubvunda chando. Peak Pinegi teura kunoitika muna May, uye mvura iyerere yose mwero iyi angava pakati 430 mamita ³ / s kune 3000 mamita ³ / s. Kunonyanyisa mafashamo kunoitika munguva kunonaya nenzizi.

Ice parwizi kutanga nhete firimu pakupera October, kutamira zvishoma nezvishoma kune chando vasakukurwa, asi kuguma November izvozvo anosunga mvura uye akaramba paavhareji mazuva 180, tive ukobvu mita.

Kana chando atanga kubvunda, aizi vasakukurwa nguva kuzara siyana, nokuda iyo mvura pamwero yomurwizi akamuka kubva 1 M kusvika 3 m, izvo zvinowanzoitika munharaunda Pinyega kugarwa. Ndokusaka pano pane imwe nguva kunge yakaiswa chaiyo aizi, izvo zvinofanira ndiputse anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri uye kudzivisa mafashamo yacho.

By mvura Pinegi makemikari zvinoriumba vaisanganisira vari boka Mahydrocarbon, uye mineralization yaro yechando nguva unopfuura 300 MG / L, nepo muzhizha - 70 chete MG / l. Kana isu kutaura kuchena kwayo, rwizi ndowenyika zvine mwero vakasvibiswa, nekuti turbidity iri 50 g / m3.

Description Pinega rwizi

Apo rwizi mabhanga akafukidzwa masango 90%, rinogona kunzi akanaka, asi kunyanya Pinegi ari dzichichinja mamiriro enzvimbo yegungwa. Izvi imhaka yokuti inoitwa gypsum uye reraimu deposits pakati uye ezasi rinosvika. Kuramba kusuka kure panguva mafashamo, pemahombekombe kuchinja zvishoma chimiro dzavo dzose gore, zvinova yakakwirira, zvishoma nemarara. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, mawere mabhanga vakaumba yakanaka canyon, yokusvika nekukwirira 20 metres uye sokunge wezvamatongerwe dzinongoitika pamadziro huni pamusoro, kuchengetedza rugare mvura yaro.

In pedyo napedyo kuti mvura vari vaviri mumusha - Pinega uye Karpogory kuti, pasinei remoteness kubva budiriro, nevanhu navadiwa zvokuora ushanyi uye Skiing.

No zvishoma kunakidza ndivo vari mutero rworwizi Pinega, apo iye akanga ari kurutivi rworuboshwe 12, uye kubva kurudyi - 7, asi zvikuru ndivo vari Viya, Yezhuga River, Yule, muIlesha River, Pokshenga River, Shuyga, Yavzora uye Tinga.

mutsipa

Pamwe, mumutauro yekare necheSalvic shoko "mutsipa" rinoreva "mutsipa", asi nhasi ndiro zita chokuita pakunzi rworuboshwe mutero kuna Pinega River. With kwayo kureba 181 km 2 nzvimbo vakafukidza - uye Pinezhsky Verkhnetoemsky, nechepakati uye nechezasi kosi washing yavo Vyisky ugari.

Mutsipa sezvo wakajeka sezvo Pinyega kuti Zvakacherechedzwa ne Russian painter Vereshchagin panguva yake rwendo kune Russian kuchamhembe. Kugadzira mapango okuvaka pamusoro chisango zvikomo, rakadzikama aibuda, dzimwe nguva kwedzimwe shoals yamabwe kuroorwa, zvichiita Rafting pamusoro rwizi urwu kuzororo chaiyo.

Vyisky kugarwa, yakavambwa muna 2006, chaizvoizvo rinoumbwa dzemisha rokutanga, akashongedzerwa pano pakutanga ari XVIII remakore. Okutanga Vagari vaiita hove, kuvhima uye kurima zvainetsa kuwana. Today Vyisky kugarwa inogarwa nevanhu 644 chete, pova Vyisky Municipality.

Yezhuga River

The rworudyi mutero womunhu Pinega urefu 165 km runoyerera muna Arkhangelsk nharaunda, zvino kushanda kuburikidza kunyika Komi Republic. Doma sechinhu ataurirana rudzi Komi, uye rinoreva "rwizi wemarudzi", iro chose nhema.

Zvechokwadi, yakaderera chikamu inflow kwayo ichipfuura marshy sandara nyika, chete okumusoro kunosvika wokusvika "kusanganisira" anoyevedza. Zvinyoronyoro enzizi zvinoita kuti hove uye kutandara tende. Izvi ndipo unogona chaizvoizvo kuzorora kubva budiriro, achipedzera nguva hunhu - hove, achiunganidza howa uye michero musango dzakapoteredza rwizi.

Sura rwizi

At 395? Km kubva pamuromo Pinega mainozonodira rwizi Sura, inoumbwa kwemapazi pamwe Yuromy Surosoroy. Pasinei pfupi urefu 92 chete km rwizi izvi zvikuru dzine vanhu vakawanda. Saka dzarwo dziri munzvimbo dzakaderera inosvika pagomo mumusha uye sluduet, Pahurovo uye Markovo, apo mumuromo ndiro chete zita musha ndiwo musimboti Sura Municipality.

Muchikamu widest chikamu Sura haapfuuri 37 M uye kudzama iri 0.5 m. Kamwe munzvimbo idzi inogarwa narodnost chud inonzi zavolochskaya. The zita zvaireva kuti Chud (Finno-Ugric marudzi) akararama portage. Zvikuru gare gare ini vakagara pano vanhu havadi kugamuchira chiKristu uye zvasiya vamwari vavo vechihedheni. Tschudi Tsika dzavo, sezvo vamwe ethnologists, vachiri vapenyu mune dzimwe mumisha.

The zita "Sura" anotanga kuoneka Novgorod Makoronike pakutanga XII remakore se "Sura zvakaipa", iro rinotaura pamusoro mafungiro evaya vasingadi kugamuchira chiKristu. Chokwadi, pashure penguva refu veko vakabvuma kutenda chitsva kwavari, uye musha Sura akava musha nokuti mutsvene wakarurama Ioanna Kronshtadtskogo.

Mutsika muIlesha River

Kutaura zvazviri, izvi mutsika Pinegi ane mazita maviri chete: mu nechokumabvazuva Verkhnetoyemsky District, apo yakatangwa, inonzi Small muIlesha River, uye chete pashure iye akabatana Pinegskoy Entalu mvura, zvinova muIlesha River.

Kudeuka taundi riri murwizi - musha Red rakamiswa 43 Km from muromo wayo.

zvinokwezva Pinegi

rwizi urwu anodiwa vehove uye vanoda alloys mu inogadziriswa rabha zvikepe uye vavhimi, uye chete vanoda mhiri kwemakungwa plesieroorde isina kumbobatwa runako rwake yechizvarigo. Kune anoshamisa nzvimbo kupaka, mawere pemahombekombe reraimu (rwizi Pinega map ngaadarowo) uye kwegore risingapindiki masango zvakafanana Itai vashanyi munzvimbo dzakadzika emakore.

Special mubereko revashanyi kunakirwa yakakurumbira karst bako, izvo kwezviuru zvemakore zvinokuyiwa mune reraimu mvura yomurwizi. kushanya kwavo zvinogoneka kunyanya yechando, sezvo vamwe gore vakanga ruzere, uye mazita vanotaura pachavo pamusoro runako rwavo. Pane mubako Snow Queen, The Winter wacho ngano, uye Ice Crystal, uye ivo zvizere kuzviruramisa zita rayo.

Ice stalactites uye stalagmites kusangana vaeni mumakamuri avo. Kutaura zvazviri, pane akawandisa mumapako kuti vachiri vakamirira kuva pachena cavers. Kudzivirira izvi zvakasikwa nzvimbo shure muna 1974 panzvimbo iri kuchengeterwa hwagadzwa, ane basa guru raiva kudzivirirwa uye kuchengetedzwa karst mumapako.

No zvishoma kunakidza ndiyo hove Sarimoni ari Pinega River. Kutaura zvazviri, pane tiri Sturgeon, grayling, neKubhi, Roach, knot, dace, muramba uye Pike, saka kuti hapana chakasara pasina hove. Ndivanaani vakajaira hwomutambarakede zororo, anogona kushandisa kuminamato rwokuparidza opareta uye vanopedza chisingakanganwiki muchirimo mueni imba mumusha. Verkola kana pekukembera chaipo pamahombekombe erwizi. Nature munzvimbo idzi zvinoorora zvakasiyana-siyana kwenzvimbo. The musha riri pamusoro pamawere pamahombekombe, vakakomba kurutivi rumwe nezvikomo uye masango, uye pamusoro mumwe - Mafuro.

The musha iri mukati kunosvika, asi unogona kurenda chikepe uye kuenda okumusoro kunosvika kuna Pinega River. Zabroska kwete kutora nguva, asi hove pano kuri kwazvo.

Munzvimbo idzi akaberekwa, aishanda uye akafa yakakurumbira munyori Fyodor Abramov, ane imba akava chirangaridzo miziyamu.

River Pinega - guru uye unspoilt pakona zvakasikwa, apo iwe unofanira kuenda kana paiva chido kutiza chinongova chipatapata yebudiriro.