Ndeapi rudzi rwemucheche iyo mbatata ine? Zvibereko zveSaranaceous

Chikoro dicot chirimwa ndicho chakawanda kwazvo mumasikirwo uye chinomiririrwa nemhuri dzakawanda. Mumwe wavo ndeye mhuri yeSolanaceae, vamiririri varo vane kukosha kukuru kwehupfumi kuvanhu.

Zvose zvinowanzoitwa nemhuri yeSolanaceae

Pamberi pako mumufananidzo - mbatata. Ichi chimiro chakakurumbira chinomiririra mumiriri weSolanaceae. Asi iyi sangano rinogadziriswa rakagamuchira zita rayo nekuda kweimwe iyo mumiririri - nightshade dema. Zvizhinji zvezvirimwa izvi zvave zvichange zvarimwa, zvinokura nemurume.

Iyo yakasiyana-siyana inhengo yemhuri imwe neimwe yakagadzirwa nemaruva. MuSalanaceae inomiririrwa nemashanu shamens uye pestle, iyo inoumbwa nemakumbo akawanda. Petals zvakare 5, ivo vanobatanidzwa pamwe chete. Nhamba imwechete uye chimiro chave sepals. Izvo zvakagadzirwa nemafuta (corolla) zvinogona kuvezwa muvaravara dzakasiyana. Mu datura yakachena, mu belladonna iyo ilac, mune fodya iyo inopenya. Ovary - chikamu chakawedzerwa chepistil - chiri kumusoro kana chakasununguka. Izvi zvinoreva kuti hazvibatanidzi nemativi ose emaruva, uye nheyo yacho inonamatirwa pamaruva-muti.

Nightshade: miriwo nezvimwe ...

Tomato, eggplant, mbatatari nightshade, iyo inopa mabiko anonaka uye ane utano. Vane zvinhu zvinokosha zvekudya. Asi kunze kweivo, kupararira kushandiswa kwemishonga inorapwa. Somuenzaniso, bladladonna ine alkaloids. Vane unhu hweantispasmodic, kuderedza mutsindo wematomu wezvikamu. Bheren, inowanzoonekwa semuti unouraya, mumishonga yevanhu inoshandiswa nenzira yewaini tincture yekurapa kwemapupa, kuvhuvhuta uye kutonhora.

Fodya inotapira, dope uye petunia ndivo vanoyevedza vaSolanaceae. Inoshandiswa kugadzira nzvimbo dzeimba. Uye physalis, kana chiedza cheChinese, ichagadzira zvakakwana chero nzvimbo yekuvhurwa kana ikebana.

Iko tsika dzinokosha dzekambani fodya uye fodya, izvo zvinoenda pakugadzirwa kwefodya.

Aina dzezvibereko

Zvibereko zveSalanaceae zvinomiririrwa nebhokisi uye berry. Rudzi rwekutanga runooma, ruzhinji-mbeu uye runotanga. Izvi zvinobatsira muti wacho kupararira zvakanyatsonaka mumasikirwo. Iko mavhesikiti mumvura uye akachena. Zvirimwa zvinomera zvinoumba berry yakawanda-mbeu yakawanda.

Hericarp yake ine zvikamu zvitatu. Kunze, kwechekete, kunodzivirira, uye mukati uye mukati-yakaoma uye ine nyama, vanochengeta zvinhu zvinodiwa. Mhando yemichero mu mbatatisi, pepper uye tomato ndizvo chaizvo izvi.

Nhoroondo yematezi

Kwenguva refu vanhu vakanga vachiita basa rokuunganidza. Pamwe pamwe nemidzi yakasviba yemiti yakawanda, mbatatari tuber yakawanikwa zvakare . Zvakaitika muLatin America makore anenge 5 000 akapfuura. MuEurope, yakatanga kuedzwa nevaSpanish chete muzana remakore rechi16. Munyika yedu, bhagi rekutanga rembatata rakatengeswa kubva kuHolland. Zvisinei, zana remakore raifanira kupfuvura chisati chigadzirwa ichi chakatora nzvimbo yakakodzera.

Ikozvino ndiyo mibvunzo: "Ndeupi rudzi rwemichero iyo mbatatisi ine?" Uye "Ndezvipi zvikamu zvezvirimwa izvi zvinodyiwa?" - Munhu wose achapindura. Uye mumazuva iwayo, inobereka, michero kana michero isina kuibva yebatatisi yakagadzirirwa. Pamusana pokuvapo kwezvinhu zvinotyisa muAlkaloid, kuwanda kwezvokudya zvekudya kwakaitika. Vanhu vaingovengesa muti uyu. Vanhu vacho vakatogadzirira chaivo "maitiro ehotera", vachiramba kukudziridza tsika. Asi vakaramba vachiwana kushandiswa kwakakodzera. Pakati pemaruva akanaka elac akaita maruva akanaka asionniere, ayo akashongedza micheka yevatasvi vemabhiza, hove uye mavara edzidziro.

Uye zvino tiri kutarisa mufananidzo wacho nechirwere: mbatata yakabata zvakakodzera nzvimbo yakakodzera pamatafura ose.

Vanhu vazhinji kazhinji vaiita zvikanganiso mukushandiswa kwemiti. Semuenzaniso, bladladonna ("mukadzi akanaka") akazotumidza zita rake muRoma yekare. Vazhinji venguva iyoyo vakaviga jisi ine chepfu mumaziso. Muchiitiko ichi, vadzidzi vakakura zvikuru. Zvaitendwa kuti izvi zvinoita kuti chikadzi chionekwe chisingachinjiki. Zvakazoitika gare gare kuti izvi zvinogadzirisa zvikuru zviratidzo.

Chimiro che fetus mu mbatata

Iyi simiti inomiririra mumiriri wemhuri yeSolanaceae, zviratidzo zvaro zvakanyatsodzidza biology. Mbatata iko zvino inoshandiswa zvakanyanya uye yakarimwa kuti vanhu vemumaguta havafungi nezvekuti zvikamu zvipi zvinosanganisira zvikamu zvinodyiwa.

Kana iwe uine rubatsiro rwemagariro evanhu uye bvunza kuti: "Zita rudzi rwezvibereko muzamu," vazhinji vachapindura vachiti: "Zvechokwadi, iyo tuber." Uye ivo vachave vasina kururama. Mhando yemichero muzhuta ndeye berry. Kunze kunotaridzika sekoko duku. Pakutanga inenge iine ruvara, uye sezvo ichikura ichi inotendeuka zvishoma nezvishoma.

Tubers kana majiroji

Iko tsika yakagamuchirwa kuti mbatata inoparadzira vegetatively, uchishandura pasi pasi kugadziriswa kwehupfu. Iyi inzira inopupurirwa inobereka zvibereko zvakanaka. Zvisinei, izvi hazvisi zvekubhadhara mari. Mushure mezvose, chikamu chikuru chezvibereko zvakakura zvinofanira kusara pane zvakasara. Mhando yezvibereko mumatatata ibheri, iyo yakawanda-mbeu. Nokudaro, kuti urege kukanganisa, zvingave zvichiita kushandisa mbeu kubereka. Sei nzira iyi ine zvinyorwa zvose zvisiri kushandiswa zvakanyanya?

Chinhu chacho ndechokuti marudzi emazuva ano emazambatadzi haafaniri kupa mbeu. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, varimi vari kushanda nesimba pamusoro pekuiswa kwemarudzi matsva nemhando zhinji yembeu, iyo inonyanya kuwedzera kukosha kwekuwedzera mbatata dzose dzinodiwa.

Zvose zvinonzi Solanaceae

Pane chinhu chakadai se "nightshade food". Chokutanga pane zvose zvinotapira chiBulgaria pepper, tomate, eggplant. Maitiro avo anokosha gastronomic anokonzerwa nekuravira kwezvibereko zvemaspire.

Zvose zvine zvinhu zvakasiyana-alkaloids. Mukurumbira wavo ndeye nicotine. Nzvimbo yekutanga pane zvayo ndeyekuti, fodya. Zvinoshamisa, nzvimbo yechipiri ... aubergines. Uye nzvimbo yechitatu yakapiwa mavara machena. Zvisinei, zvakagadzirwa neicotine mukati mazvo zviduku zvokuti munhu haagoni kutya hutano hwake.

Mhando yemichero muzambatatisi uye kutora kwayo maitiro hazvibvumi kuti idyiwe. Izvo zvisingagoni kutaurwa nezve tubers - storeroom ye starch. Izvo zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti zvinyorwa zvinotyisa zvinokonzerwa uye zvakasvibirira mbatata zvakanyanya kuwedzera uye zvinogona kukonzera uchetu hwemuviri womunhu. Kuonekwa kwemavara matsvuku kunokonzerwa nekushandurwa kwe plastids isina ruvara rwetiukoplast muhuzha-chloroplasts. Mushure mezvose, tuber ishanduko yekutiza. Izvi zvinopinda chete muchiedza, saka zviri nani kuchengetedza mari inokosha mumakamuri anotonhorera.

Kubva pazvibereko zvepepuru tsvuku yakaoma inowana zvinonhuwira zvakasiyana, izvo zvinoshandiswa pakubika kubika seasonings uye sauces. Ichi chigadzirwa chinonzi solanaceous.

Meaning

Mukuwedzera pakudya kudya vanhu vakawanda zvinoshandiswa mishonga yemiti inoshandiswa. Kubva pamashizha emvura, zvinyorwa zvinowanikwa mukurapa kwechirwere chinonzi bronchial asthma, uye kubva kubladladonna - an analgesic. Zvisinei, hazvikurudzirwi kushandisa mishonga inobva mumiti iyi zvichizvimiririra, zviri nani kutaurirana nachiremba pamusoro pesero. Ichokwadi ndechekuti alkaloids zvinhu zvinotyisa. Nhamba yavo yakawandisa inotungamirira kukurumidza kufema, kufema kwekufema, nekurwadziwa mumagetsi.

Parizvino, vamiririri vemhuri yeSolanaceae vakatora zvese zvinoshandiswa nekuda kwekuvapo kwezvinhu zvinokosha: kubva gastronomic kusvika kumishonga.