National Park Altyn-Emel. Kudeuka hunhu Reserve Kazakhstan

Nyaya inotiudza guru kuchengeterwa of Kazakhstan akadana Altyn-Emel. It iri mujinga ari muhomba Jungar Alatau. Reserve nzvimbo iri 460 zviuru hectares. Park akasikwa kuchengetedza isingawanzowanikwi zvinomera uye mhuka.

Isa National Park nzvimbo

The kuchengeterwa riri 150 chete kubva vakadanwa Aruma-Ata (Kazakhstan). It riri kurudyi kumahombekombe them River, rokutora kuchamhembe chikamu Kapchagai Dam.

Kana ukasarudza kushanyira paki, ipapo kunotozongoita mubvunzo unomuka: Ko kuwana Altyn-Emel? Kapchagay - guta pedyo kuchengeterwa, handicho marori kubva Alma-Ata. Next unofanira kuenda nemotokari kune Cordon achitevedza Kapchagai dura pane nhamba imwe. City Kapchagay (Aruma-Ata nharaunda) riri muna 160 chete kubva Almaty. All panzira park, zvarwo, zvichakutorera anopfuura matatu maawa. Chokwadi, nzira haasi pedyo chaizvo, asi zvakakodzera kuikurira, kuona yakasiyana zvinokwezva Reserve, vakapiwa kuti zera vamwe vavo kwemakore anopfuura 2500 okuberekwa, uyewo chapupu pakati rarest zvikara uye shiri. unogona kuenda Aruma-Ata uye vasvike kuchengeterwa nomuguta Kapchagay, kuronga pacharo rwendo zuva kana achida.

Asi pane imwe nomugwagwa, achipfuura Sary-Ozek, apo, Rwaipfuura vanopfuura Altyn-Emel, unogona kusvika kalinino. Path kubva Alma-Ata kuti nechepakati wenhaka zvinotora maawa matanhatu, izvozvo kunosvika 320 makiromita. pfungwa iyi zvikuru refu - rwendo achatora matatu mashanu mazuva. Zvisinei, munguva ino, uchakwanisa kuona yakakurumbira zvinokwezva mupaki: Mount Aktau, Katy Vangararai kuimba chidzutswa, makore mazana manomwe okuberekwa the willow uye mhuka isingawanzowanikwi.

History chokusika

State National Park Altyn-Emel rakaumbwa muna 1996 nemhaka Kapchagai Hunting. Huru Manor imba iri mumusha kalinino. Kubva wake Aruma-Ata (Kazakhstan) ndiro makiromita 250. The kuchengeterwa Anotambanudza makumi matatu chete kubva kuchamhembe kusvika kumaodzanyemba uye kubva kumabvazuva kusvika zana kumavirira anopfuura maviri.

Akadaro yakanaka zita Reserve ndine chikonzero, rine nemidzi vekare uye Mongolian asina akashandurudza "Chigaro yendarama". Pane kunyange yezvechitendero kuti anoti muzhizha 1219 mauto yakakurumbira Genghis Khan vake ndokuyambuka Mupata, kutamira kukunda Central Asia. Madekwana, makomo yellowed uswa mukuru sokuti yendarama Chigaro. Uye zvirokwazvo, kana iwe kunyatsotarisa, pepa rehurukuro riri vanopfuura Altyn-Emel chaizvoizvo akafanana Chigaro.

Mupaki pane zvakasiyana-siyana nharaunda: kubva jecha mumarenje kumakomo. Mukuwedzera, kuchengeterwa ndiyo inozivikanwa kwayo zvenhau netsika sezvivako.

kuimba Dunes

Kuimba chidzutswa chinhu yakakwirira jecha chidzutswa (anenge 100 metres) pakureba kupfuura makiromita matatu. Yakasvika zita raro nokuda dzimwe nguva zvinobva kwaari vibrating nokuimba kuti vaguely zvakafananidzirwa nyere. Saka rwiyo Singing Dune akanzwa kuti makiromita. Sound anobva muna nguva apo tsanga kutaura mumwe - pane simba svisvidza, uye zvakawanda kuratidza kurira anozvarwa aine simba gusts. Asi chidzutswa mutinhimira rinogona kunzwika kunyange wakadzikama ekunze. Matanho payo chikonzero kukweshera pakati nezvimedu, iyo inotungamira kuti inzwi kujairika. Pasinei zybuchest jecha chidzutswa regai famba, uye anoverengeka zvemakore iri paki.

Local ngano inoti kuti pasi mujecha chidzutswa akavigwa Genghis Khan pachake uye ake varwi, uye chidzutswa anotanga kuimba, apo Khan anoudza vana mabasa ake makuru.

Aktau

Natural Park Altyn-Emel inoumbwa nemamwe midziyo, rimwe riri Aktau. Izvi choko makomo Cenozoic nguva, zvinosanganisira wakanamira ivhu, apo mhepo uye mvura pamusoro zvemakore kubaya ari canyons zvinoshamisa.

The chikuru chinoratidza nzvimbo iri kusavapo rakazara vamwe pezvinomera, zvichiita zvinovawo rakafanana making nharaunda. makomo aya ne kumawere uye simba dismemberment zvakakwana nokuda kuramba mvura uye mudslides. Aktau kuna Altyn-Emel - nyika akakurumbira nemamwe paleontological dhipoziti. Gungwa sediments zvinowanikwa zvakanaka akachengetedzwa zvasara zvemhuka zvekare dzakadai hofori chipembere, makarwe, nenjiva, chinyakare zvikara, zera ravo vanofungidzirwa makore mamiriyoni 25-30 okuberekwa. Kwete kure Aktau vari Katutau uye makomo.

gomo Katutau

Mountains tatamuka kubva kumaodzanyemba-kumavirira nokumusoro-mabvazuva ari muchimiro nemumakomo muhomba pamwe misoro muchimiro rwenze. Mawere dzinobviswa ne vakawanda mvura mumipata. Bright yebhuruu mitsetse pestreyut calcareous sandstone uye ivhu dzvuku. Shoko "Katutau" rinoreva "pemakomo."

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti muna Permian nguva ino chaizvo panzvimbo yakanga anoputika maviri. Zvechokwadi, makomo vanoumbwa zvachose kuti dhaka nezvimwe kuputika matombo. Uyewo, pane mitswi muvhu, ayo akazara magma. Uye vakanga yakaumbwa mumakore kudengenyeka achityaira subsurface akaturikidzana. Kureba vamwe vavo kuti makiromita anosvika masere. In kuchamhembe Aktau uye Katutau zvichengeteke matombo dzaimbova yekare Tethys Ocean, iyo akatora chimiro oma zvitarisiko.

Kalkany

Small uye Large Kalkany - mumwe Palaeozoic massif, iyo inozivikanwa nokuva kuparadzwa chaizvo pamatombo. Externally - zviri zvikuru lackluster yakaderera makomo kuti nhema rwezasi paki Altyn-Emel. Hapana anonakidza, uye kunyanya havasi, asi riri pakati nyika yakakurumbira Kuimba Dune.

Besshatyr

Besshatyr chinhu asi rakasiyana matongo nzvimbo. Dzinonzi youmambo kuvigwa pazvikomo - kuvigwa Saka vatungamiriri VII-III emakore BC. Pazvikomo takapoteredzwa worudzii chindori menhirs, izvo fananei nematombo inozivikanwa Stonehenge. Mumupata uri 31 kuvigwa pazvikomo, remasangano iyo rinosvika munhu nekukwirira mamita 17 uye ayo dhayamita - 108 metres. Masayendisiti akawana kuti maari nhema dzasara Saka vatungamiriri. Pazvikomo vari kumarinda amadzimambo. In gomo canyons vakawana yose maberere nedombo vanodhirowa wokuvhima mifananidzo uye mhuka.

them

Park Altyn-Emel Nde gang, riri muganhu kuchengeterwa - ndiye them River. Rinotanga munyika China. The rwizi ane yakavhenganiswa kudya.

Easy chitubu mafashamo kunotanga, kazhinji muna April. By meltwater gomo chando May, pane mafashamo chisingazivi mumusungo July uye August. Zvadaro anotanga zvishoma nezvishoma kuderera mumvura sandara, uye zvakajairika ukoshi yakaiswa muna September. In yechando, rwizi yaita chando kwemwedzi mishoma.

Climate

Okunze ndiko nehasha murenje Continental, pamwe zvakakwana chando, yakaoma dzechando uye inopisa yechirimo. Mukuru Huwandu mvura inonaya April uye May. Average tembiricha kuti 4-5 inegumi.

Park Altyn-Emel: kasvisto

The kuchengeterwa panozosvika rinosanganisira gumi zana zvinomera, vamwe vacho mashoma uye akanyorwa muna Red Book. Zvikurukuru chaikoshawo endemics uye zvisaririra: Silene Muslim, Alberta tulips, Astragalus Kopal, kahris mufudzi, Watershed Vitali.

Vazhinji Park zvinomera chinobatsira ehupfumi. Uye vazhinji ndivo zvokudya mhuka. Fruits uye mbeu zviri akadyiwa nemakonzo uye neshiri, uye Pagon - hoofed mhuka. Kunyanya anokosha ndiwo easterly munhenga, Atraphaxis kwesha, unovava belozemelnaya uye nevamwe. Kune makwenzi, uchi zvinomera, zvinokosha mafuta.

fauna of

Nezvipembenene voga kuchengeterwa kune vanopfuura 5000 marudzi. Izvi, 25 marudzi dzakarongwa sezvo pangozi. Izvi mhashu, ndichinyengetera mantises, dragonflies, zvipembenene uye zvichingodaro. D.

Vertebrates of paki iri uyewo zvikuru siyana. The Kapchagai Dam mupenyu maviri rudzi hove, zvitatu zviri endemic. Zvinokambaira kuchengeterwa aimiririra 25 rudzi: copperhead, Alai ablepharus, hwakarongwa nyoka, inowanzorimwa CHIDHAMBAKURA, museve-nyoka uye nevamwe.

Mazana maviri shiri mhenyu pano, dendere mukati dzakachengetedzwa mapazi 174, uye 18 vari rwakaiswa pangozi: ferruginous Dhadha, dema neshuramurove, wachena kondo, gondo yendarama, nyoka gondo, Bearded, mashava njiva, zizi, Pallas jecha Grouse, bustard, mashava njiva.

On mundima Altyn-Emel, kune vanopfuura makumi manomwe mhuka, ramakagadzwa pane pangozi nomwe: ligation, tsvuku the marten, otter, chando ingwe, Tiến Shan gwai gomo, mbizi. The yeparutivi dzichiitika kupfuura vanhu mbudzi dzomumakomo, mhara, chando mbada. Kunyange pano pane kunyange-toed ungulates - nondo, saiga, dzomusango, nezvikara namakondobwe.

Mukati kuchengeterwa vanogara crevices wamatombo hwari partridges. yakanaka kwezvokufuka shiri iyi animating asingabereki serakavakwa kumakomo. Vane zvatinogadzira hazvigoni kunyatsotevedzera zvinoita chaizvo uye nokukurumidza sa pakati pamatombo, inoyerera progalinki pamusoro progalinku pavakanga zvikuru kudanidzira, kuronga vazhinji-vataura ruzha. Partridges, sezvinoita mutemo, kashoma dzinobhururuka, ivo chete flit kubva padombo achazunungusa, vachisvetuka nezvipingamupinyi. Kana vari tyisa, ivo zvinoshamisa flutter uye kuronga pamusoro mumukaha, saka kuedza kunzvenga kusunga.

Kuvapo vagari veko gomo vari Inomedza. Zvino mawere madziro matombo inowanikwa neapo stenolaz, shiri ino yakaisvonaka, anopapamisa chakafanana shavishavi. Waving mapapiro ake yepepuru-dema, vanotarira kufanana zvekumwe kungozvifunga.

A mukuru kwazvo mumakomo inogarwa eHimalaya gora. Achiri muna Kazakhstan inonzi Kuma. Ndinofanira kutaura kuti shiri iyi ndeimwe matatu pazvikara chikuru munyika yose. World shiri iri kuchengeterwa mupfumi kwazvo, nemhaka yokuti chaivo zvakasiyana chaizvo nzvimbo mundima yayo, kubva erenje uye nekuguma makomo.

The National Park kuitwa vashandi vayo akaponesa kusiyana zvinhu zvipenyu nezvisiri zvipenyu hunhu.

ushanyi

Iye zvino, National Park anotora chinoshingaira mapoka karwendo iri munharaunda yayo. Uye nguva kufamba anogona kuva akasiyana zvikuru. Pfupi rwendo - rimwe zuva. Zvisinei, kuona zvose zvisakamboonekwa unofanira kupedza nguva yakawanda.

The kukosha kuchengeterwa Kazakhstan chaizvo, nokuti ipapo pakuchengetedza mhuka pangozi kuroorana. Uyezve, nzvimbo mupaki vagara Nzvimbo Yokuedzera kuti kushingaira basa iri pakuchengetedza fauna of nzvimbo idzi. Nemhaka yezviri kuchengetedza zviyero uye kundorwa kwemutemo ari kuchengeterwa nemhara famba pasina kutya. Kunyange pakati XX remakore, paiva vakaroorana gumi, uye ikozvino mune kuchengeterwa musha chikuru nevanhu.

Muna 2003, kutanga basa basa iri kudzorerwa zvakasikwa yomusango bhiza Przewalski, uyo akanyangarika muKazakhstan ari XVIII remakore. Zvisinei, chirongwa ichi kuva zvakaoma, nekuti nyika kungomberereka kunhivi kuchengeterwa vari mabhiza zhinji zvakafanana maberekero uye kuti kunoita kubviswa yakaisvonaka erudzi.