Mutsipa tsandanyama. Mamiriro uye basa

Muscle rinenge riri striated kumeso. Tsandanyama kwemitsipa pamwe tsandanyama ari hunde, maoko nemakumbo uye musoro vari striated boka. Nokuti nzvimbo pamutsipa tsandanyama vakakamurwa muzvikwata zvitatu: medial, asingafungi uye zvakadzika. Deep zvinozoita vari rakakamurwa subgroups vaviri medial uye lateral kana prespinal. Front, pakati uye posterior scalene tsandanyama kwemitsipa ndivo subgroup wechipiri. Kuderedza pamberi tsandanyama rimwe divi inotungamirira yakatenuka pamutsipa vstoronu, akaderedza kubva kumativi maviri - kuti kuteura mberi. Kana remuromo nomuzongoza wakaiswa, pane Kumutsa wokutanga rumbabvu. Kutanga Anterior scalene tsandanyama iri munzvimbo III-VI pamutsipa vertebrae, uye wakaiswa pamusoro rokutanga mucheto. Average tsandanyama kunoitawo kuti yakatenuka pamutsipa mberi uye anomutsa rumbabvu wokutanga. It zvinoenderana nenzvimbo yaro fastening. Rinotanga kubva dzinotsanagura II-VII kwemitsipa vertebrae, anofamba mhiri, uye kuda wokutanga nerumbabvu asi seri sulcus tsinga subclavian.

Back tsandanyama zvinomutsa rumbabvu wechipiri. Kana ngadzirambe dziri mubhokisi, zvino inotungamirira mudanga iri nomuzongoza iri remuromo nharaunda. Its pakutanga - hillocks IV-VI pamutsipa vertebrae, uye kuguma - chokunze nomumativi pamucheto wechipiri rumbabvu pamusoro. Tsandanyama kwemitsipa uye musoro zviri interconnected, saka tsandanyama zvevaPolish medial subgroup anodzora vachishandisa kutenderera musoro uye wake vakazembera mberi uye padivi. Nokudaro, tsandanyama nokureba mutsipa ari medial subgroup zvinotungamirira mujinga pamutsipa rimwe divi uye mberi. A longus capitis tsandanyama zvinobatsira kuteura mberi uye musoro nomuzongoza muna remuromo munzvimbo uye zvinobatsira kuti vachishandisa kutenderera musoro. The pamberi tsandanyama musoro, ukuwo, zvichitungamirira kuteura musoro wako mberi uye parutivi - kurutivi, apo ndee. Zvachero mutsipa tsandanyama dzine:

- subcutaneous tsandanyama kwemitsipa, izvo kufukidza hwakada munzvimbo dzokuzororera dzaiva mutsinga, anosimudza zvishoma ganda pamutsipa, uye kuminyuka pasi uye mumuromo nzvimbo;

- sternocleidomastoid tsandanyama. Kana ipfupi kubva rimwe divi, pane kwezana musoro mhiri, uye kana mativi - musoro tilts shure.

EvaMedhia mutsipa Tsandanyama akakamurwa avo kuti dziri pamusoro hyoid pfupa uye pasi. Tsandanyama suprahyoid kunongova zvina:

1. digastric tsandanyama inoumbwa maviri bryushek - mberi uye neshure, zvakabatana neboka bhiriji nemarunda. Inotungamirira kuti achideredza pamusoro Push-kudhonza uye shure repasi shaya. Kana wakaiswa mumwe chinzvimbo, mukuru hyoid mapfupa avete.

2. Muscle shilopodyazychnaya mapfupa kuminyuka shure kunze uye upwardly.

3. Muscle nemumuromo uye sublingual anotora zvakananga chikamu paumbwe aperture muromo. It anoita mabasa maviri zvichienderana nzvimbo hyoid tsandanyama: kana kuti wakaiswa kuti lowers rezasi shaya, uye kana asina - Anosimudza hyoid pfupa.

4. Muscle mentohyoid kuminyuka ari hyoid pfupa, pose uye panguva imwecheteyo, uye kana imi kuvimba pfupa ichi, inotungamirira kuti achideredza pamusoro mandible.

Sublingual pamutsipa tsandanyama, zvakare, muri mhando ina:

1. Muscle-scapular sublingual, dzakatetepa uye refu, ari huviri dumbu zvenguva mudzira. Both abdominal interconnected jumper kubva nemarunda. Kana chipande chinosimbiswa, tsandanyama ichi kuminyuka panze uye pasi hyoid pfupa uye panguva imwe chete pretracheal ndiro remuromo fascia kuminyuka, nokudaro wokukudza lumen yakadzika remuromo mutsinga.

2. tsandanyama sterno-hyoid hyoid mapfupa kuminyuka pasi.

3. tsandanyama sterno-thyroid racho rose ringakweva pasi huro.

4. Muscle schitopodyazychnaya inhaurwa kuenderera tsandanyama sterno-thyroid. Zvinoita zvinoita rapprochement pamwe dokeriro ari hyoid pfupa, kana hyoid mapfupa wakaiswa, tsandanyama ichi anomutsa dokeriro.

Kuvhiringidza of tsandanyama ezvinhu, kukonzerwa dzakasiyana zvinhu - ndichisveerera, mavanga, kuzvimba, kuzvimba, nezvimwewo, vanogona migumisiro uye zvinoda kurapwa kupindira.