Meiosis uye mitosis: huru misiyano

All zvipenyu akaumbwa masero kuti kurarama upenyu hwavo, mugove uye kukura. Panoparadzana kwacho kunogona kuitika maviri zvakakwana pakatarisana nzira kuti vane maitikiro: meiosis uye mitosis.

Nokuti zvipenyu vane masero ane musimboti noruzhinji mitosis. Zviri runonyanya mhuka, zvinomera uye hunokuvadza. Zvesayenzi, iyo nzira weboka anonzi vegetative kupararira. Meiosis zvakare nzira weboka, asi ayo inoti - halving uwandu okutodza.

Ngativerengei kunzwisisa musiyano pakati mitosis kubva meiosis. Mumwe zvichiitika danho zvakafanana, asi mumwe nomumwe wavo maitiro features, inova huru kusiyana.

Danho rokutanga - the fission rikurumidze. The kwacho kunosanganisira vachigoverana mitotic okutodza. Mumwe nomumwe ava itsva mbiri siyana, izvo anoparadzirwa pakati maviri masero akaonekwa. Sayenzi vaudzewo kuti njodzi sero idzva angava akasiyana zvachose mugumisiro. Saka, somuenzaniso, vanogona kuramba kugoverana kana kamura vacharamba chete muchitokisi. Possible kugumiswa ari fission kwacho maviri mumasero panguva imwe chete.

meiotic zvichiitika zvishoma zvakasiyana. Kwakavakirwa mapoka maviri dzateyiwa. Wokutanga achabatsirwa vasanyanye nhamba okutodza chaizvo kaviri. Sero Diploid rinotsemuka two haploid. Nokuti mumwe nomumwe chromosome kunoratidzwa pamberi chromatids maviri. The Kupesana yechipiri hazvirevi vasanyanye kwenhamba okutodza. Somugumisiro, weboka wechipiri vari vakaumba masero matsva ina. Sero rimwe nerimwe riri vemunyika rimwe chromosome uye chromatid. Meiosis uye mitosis, pasinei kufanana dzavo, kusiyana vatova pakutanga pachikuva.

The danho rechipiri - conjugation. Wokutanga Sero nokupesana panguva meiosis kunosanganisira kuwadzana homologous okutodza. mitosis kwacho kwakasiyana zvachose kusavapo chero mhando kuberekesana. Izvi kunoteverwa kunangiswa okutodza. Mitosis kunoratidzwa pamberi aiwanzopiwa wokushanda okutodza, asi kuparadzirwa dzavo dzakafanana pamwe neequator haisi mbiri, asi yoga. Nokudaro meiosis muitiro hunotora akasiyana zvachose kushanda. Pano kunangiswa pamwe neequator rinopfuura vari vaviri vaviri.

A fananidzo dzinotsanagura mitosis uye meiosis akaratidza kuti kusiyana kuonekwa kwete chete weboka, asi pakupedzisira. Mitosis anova hwaro paumbwe vakaroorana uye masero somatic diploid. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti yose muitiro akaponesa nhaka zvinhu. Somugumisiro, panowanikwa meiosis, ari maviri maviri aumba dzokubereka haploid masero hunhu. Kana mubvunzo wenhaka, hazvina kuchengetwa uye pakupedzisira kuchinjwa.

Zvisinei, kusiyana chikuru iri hunhu nedanho kubereka. Meiosis - muitiro zvepabonde kubereka, izvo kazhinji zvinotora nzvimbo bedzi mune utachiona masero kuibvisa rwakazara. Mitosis ndiyo hwaro asexual somatic masero. Uyezve, ndiyo chete nzira mitosis kuti masero somatic kuti apore.

Mukuwedzera, meiosis uye mitosis dzinokosha kusiyana hunhu basa rayo. Meiosis achabatsirwa kwerunyararo kuramba nhamba okutodza uye zvinoita chidzoke vatsva. Ivo rinoumbwa enhaka zvinhu. Mitosis kunobva doubling okutodza. Zvinotora nzvimbo pahwaro ari longitudinal kupesana. Uyezve kuumbwa pamusoro chromosome diverge masero mwanasikana. Mashoko kwokutanga iri chinopfuudzwa yakakwana uye haachinji. Ndicho nedanho mitosis, akaisa hwaro pokumuka zvipenyu ine masero akawanda. Zvinogona vakagumisa kuti meiosis uye mitosis, kunyange zvichiteverwa chinangwa chimwe, vane guru mari kusawirirana uye zvakapesana.