Makombiyuta kunze kwekombiyuta

Musoro wehurukuro yedu yanhasi ndeyekuyeuka kwekombiyuta. Asi kutanga ndinoda kutaura mazwi mashomanana pamusoro pekanganiso imwe, iyo yakazove yakajeka "yakasimba". Kudzokera kuchikoro mune zvidzidzo zvesayenzi yepakombiyuta, paunodzidza urongwa hwemukati hwehutano huripo, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu chimwe chinhu chakakosha chinoratidzwa - RAM. Panyama, inomiririrwa ne microcircuits, inoshandiswa pane textolite strip ine mitsetse miviri (muzodzi) wekuteerera slide, iyo yakabatana ne motherboard connector. Somuenzaniso, pavanotaura kuti hakuna kukwana zvakakanganwa, zvinoreva chidiki che RAM. Zvose zvinowanzoonekwa, kana zvimwe zvekushanda. Zvisinei, pane dzimwe nguva shoko rokuti "kunze kwekuyeuka" rinoshandiswa. Izvi hazvina kururama, kana nekuda kwekuti, somuenzaniso, hazvigoneki kuti ani zvake achauya nechinangwa chokudana bhuku "memory." Bhuku ndomutakuri wemashoko, uye chiyeuchidzo chakasiyana zvachose.

Ko vamwe vanorevei nezwi rokuti "kunze kwekuyeuka"? RAM iri pamusoro apa ine chirevo chakakosha, icho chinozviratidza mukurasikirwa kwezvinhu zvose zvakanyorwa mu microcircuit masero ane simba rimwe nerimwe rinokundikana. Nokudaro, inoshandiswa nekombiyuta nodes chete nehuwandu hwekuverenga, uye kwenguva refu yekuchengetwa kwemashoko , kunze kwekuyeuka kunoshandiswa. Iri dhirairi rakaoma, USB flash drive, motokari yeCD-ROM, kunyange iyo printer, ine zvinyorwa zvakawanda. Izvozvi, iyo yose iyo maikirwo umo kuchengetedzwa kwezvinyorwa zvakanyorwa zvisingatenderi kuwanikwa kwegetsi.

Yese mafaira evashandisi, kusanganisira chirongwa chekushanda chairo, inenge yakachengetwa mumashiripiti akadaro. Inofananidzwa neR RAM, izvi zvigadziri zvine zvakawanda kwazvo, uye mune dzimwe nguva zvinenge zvisingaverengeki. Semuenzaniso, kana kukwanisa kwemazuva ano emakombiyuta makiromita 4-8 GB, saka dhirairi rakaoma harisi zvishoma pasi pe 250 GB. Uchishandisa midziyo inobviswa (CDs) kuchengetedza mafaira, iwe unogona, zvichireva, chengetedza dhigirii dzisingagumi.

Kuyeuka kwekunze kwepanyama kunomiririrwa nemitambo ine maitiro akasiyana-siyana ekushanda. Imwe yekutanga yekugadzirisa kwakadaro yaiva diskettes. Purasitiki yakagadziriswa yakaita se disk yakanga yakafukidzwa magnetic spraying, iyo yakanga yakagadzirwa magnetized nenzira yakakosha nemusoro wekunyora kwekutya. Pfungwa iyi inenge yakangofanana neyekare makatekiti emakodhidhi nemavhidhiyo.

Panenge panguva imwecheteyo, pakanga pane zvimwe zvakagadziriswa kugadzirisa zvirongwa, zvinonzi madhini. Mumumuviri makaiswa dhayiki dzakawanda dzisina kugadziriswa dzezvinhu zvisiri izvo zvinogadzirisa zvino, zvakafukidzwa ne magnetic layer. Sezvo musoro wokurekora usina kubata zvakananga nepamusoro pepamusoro, "kubhururuka" pamhepo inobuda, zvaive zvichikwanisa kuwedzera zvakanyanya kufambisa kwema diski, uye naizvozvo kubudiswa kwechose chigadzirwa.

Izvo zvakasiyana zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushanda zvinoshandiswa mumitsindo yekuverenga / kunyora CD. Pamurairo wekombiyuta, inoshandiswa kwema-laser, mune imwe nzira, inoshandura mafungiro mune imwe tsvina yakawanda. Paunenge uchiverenga, ray rimwechete rinoratidzwa kubva muchionioni pasi substrate, yakatorwa ne photocell uye yakaongororwa. Nokudaro, ruzivo rwakanyorwa rwakadzorerwa.

Izvi ndezvimwe mhando dzezvigadzirwa zvekuchengetedza. Nenzira, panguva yekombiyuta yekutanga 8086 pakanga pane sarudzo, iyo yakakodzera kunzi mutezo wekunze. Idzi dzaiva ma modules ekuwedzera yakawandisa izwi re RAM, mukati maive maiva nezviputi. Misiyano kubva kumasikirini emazuva ano ndeokuti chigadzirwa chaicho chaiva kunze.