Machine on hydrogen. Hydrogen generator yemotokari

Nokukurumidza kana gare gare, mafuta anochengetedza pasi pose achasvika pakaguma. Zvinonzwisisika, izvi hazviitike kuti zviitike mangwana, asi nhasi matengo emafuta anobva kumafuta akakura zvikuru. Ichokwadi ichi chakava chikonzero chakanaka kune vashanduri vanobatanidzwa mukugadzirwa kwemafuta emangwana. Mukuwedzera, haifaniri kunge iri mafuta chete, asi, zvichida, mafuta anokwanisa kudzorerwa. Vakawanda vanotenda kuti motokari yeHidrogen ndiyo chido. Ngatione kana izvi zvakadaro.

Mafuta epamangwana

Nezve mafuta akadaro, akare kare akanyora mubhuku rake rezvidzidzo, munyori anozivikanwa Jules Verne. Mune rimwe remabhuku ake pamusoro penyaya yeimwe nzvimbo inobva kune simba, munyori akati mvura inowanzova chigadzirwa chemasimba. Uye saka zvakaitika. Hungu, iyi haisi yechokwadi.

Mvura, kana kuti pane kudaro, chimwe chezvikamu zvaro - hydrogen - haisi yekutanga chemicals element. Izvowo ndiyo inopa simba remangwana. Uye fungidzira, ramangwana iri riri pedyo zvikuru.

Mazuva ano makambani eJapan anobudisa injini dzinoshanda chete pamhando iyi yemafuta. Imotokari ye hydrogen inobva kuToyota ndiyo yekutanga yekugadzira motokari yakagadzirwa nejini iyi.

Imotokari iyi sedanine ine magonhi mana. Iine motokari yemagetsi ine simba re 151 litita. With. Iwe unobvunza, hydrogen inofaniranei neyo, nokuti motokari inogetsi? Ngationei.

Toyota-Mirai Technologies

Iyo motokari yemagetsi inotungamirirwa neshanduko inokosha. Uye iye anogamuchira gorosi zvakananga kubva ku hydrogen. Iyo gasi iri mumatangi emotokari iri pasi pekumanikidzika. Iyo midziyo inoumbwa nekakisi fiber.

Asi mhinduro yacho ichiri kuda oxygen. Hongu, ndeye. Mushonga weokisijeni unowanikwa zvakananga kubva pairairi paunenge uchityaira. Imwe refu refu yematangi maviri ane hydrogen ichave yakakwana kukurira mumotokari kusvika ku 480 km. Kutsigira kunotora maminitsi matatu chete. Nekuda kweizvi 170 maita emagetsi achadururirwa mumatangi emotokari. Paavhareji, mhepo inonzi hydrogen-powered inenge inenge ma4 mana pa100 km.

Rinoshanda sei?

Apo hydrogen inogadziriswa neokisijeni, chiitiko chemhirizhonga chinowanzoitika, panguva iyo simba remagetsi rinobudiswa. Inochengetwa mubhatiri. Imotokari inotungamirirwa neyakashandura AC motokari.

Unyanzvi hwehutano hwe "Japanese"

Mafambiro makuru apo motokari ye hydrogen inokwanisa i 180 km / h. Kusvikira pamakiromita 100 motokari inogona kukurumidza mumasekondi 9 chete.

Mukuwedzera kune chokwadi chokuti "Japanese" inogona kukwira uye kwete kukonzera kukanganisa kwemhepo, iyi motokari inogona kushandiswa pamba semurimi wemasimba. Injiniya nevakagadziri vakabatanidzwa mukukudziridza kwechigadzirwa, vanoti kuburikidza nerubatsiro rwehurongwa hwakadaro, ikozvino kwave kudyidzwa kune imba yose. Nokudaro, magetsi akasununguka anokwanisa kushandiswa zvakasununguka kwemazuva mashanu.

Inoratidzira pafurairi yevatengi

Vaya vagari vomuJapan neUnited States, avo vanotenga motokari paidrogen, vachawana zvikwereti zvakakura uye kusununguka kwekushandisa kwemotokari dzavo. Vanyori veproject grandiose vanovimba kuti vachabudirira. Zvisinei, vamwe vanoita automakers havasi kugara vasina. Uye nokukurumidza, vatengi vanogona kuwana sarudzo yakawanda yemashandisirwo emamwe mafutha.

Mukuru uye anotyisa

Ichokwadi kuti hydrogen inogona kuva nhamba 1 munyaya dzemafuta emamwe mafuta, vanoti nguva refu. Kunyangwe dambudziko remari risati iri kure ne2008, vhidhiyo yakaramba ichidhindwa mishumo pamusoro pekuti zvakakosha sei kushandisa simba re hydrogen.

Chero motokari yehydrogen yaifungidzirwa kunge yakabudirira, uye vadziki vayo vakavakwa pedyo nechiso chevasande. Vaverengi vasati vagadzirira uye vanodhudhudhu vanovimbika vakafunga kuti iyi ichokwadi, asi inofanira kurehwa kuti izvi hazvisizvo.

Makore 150 apfuura

Mamiriro chaiwo ezvinhu akasiyana zvakasiyana nezvakanyorwa mumabloggi akazvipira kune mamwe masimba. Hydrogen munharaunda iyi yakashandiswa kwemakore anenge 150. Imotokari iri paHidrogen yakabatsira kukunda hondo.

Iyo yekutanga injini inopisa inopisa pamafuta akadaro yakavakwa naLenoir muna 1860. Zvadaro, muna 1942, pakanga paine kuwandisa kukuru kwezvigadzirwa zvemotokari kune imwe hydrogen energy source.

Izvi zvakaitika muLeningrad yakakombwa. Pakutanga, hydrogen yaifanira kushandiswa mumhepo yezvidziviriro zvemabhaloni. Asi zvakadaro, vanyori vakuru veRussia vakakwanisa kuchinja mamiriro acho ezvinhu.

Zvaive sei?

Airbuses yakashandiswa kudzivirira guta racho. Idzi, dzakazadzwa mubhedha neHyrogen, zvinhu zvinobhururuka zvakagadzirwa nemarubhi zvakadzivirirwa ndege dzemafascist kubva pakufambisa kunotarisa muguta racho.

Zvisinei, rubber air defense yakanga ine huru huru. Pamusana pekuti iyo airbus shell yakapisa gasi iyi, mabhaziti aiva pasi. Pane nzvimbo yeHidrogen, nzvimbo yaro yakanga ichibatwa nemhepo yakasiyana-siyana yemvura, pamwe chete nedzimwe gasi. Nokudaro, dzimwe nguva ndege dzaiburutsirwa pasi, dzichibuda uye dzichiwedzera.

Kuti ifukidze mabhodhi, zvinyorwa zvinowanikwa uye zvinyorwa zve petrol GAZ AA zvakashandiswa. Uye mumamiriro ezvinhu ekudzivirirwa, petoro yakakosha zvikuru muLeningrad. Hondo yapera simba, uye Boris Shelitz, uyo akanga ari nyanzvi yezvombo zvehondo, akashanda pahofisi yemagetsi yemabhazi aya. Saka ndizvo zvazviri. Pakanga pasina poroti, izvo zvachose. Akaedza kushandisa mabheji emagetsi kugadzirisa miviri inobhururuka. Zvisinei, magetsi akakurumidza kupera. Nzvimbo dzakawanda dzakasiyana-siyana dzeimwe nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzakamboedzwa.

Pane imwe nguva nyanzvi yemasoja yaifunga kuti hydrogen inogona kushandiswa zvakasiyana pane kungobuda ropa mudenga. Mushure mezvose, kupisa kunobudisa gasi iyi panguva yekuvhenekera kunopinda 4 kanopfuura kwemalahle, katatu-kubva kune petero uye zvimwe zvinodhaka zvepetrolium. Shelitz akabvunza mvumo yekuedza, uye akasaina. Ndinoda here kuti iyi ndiyo nzira iyo motokari inowanika paHidrogen?

Pfungwa yekushanda

Chirongwa chemasayendisiti chakaderedzwa kuti chibatanidze airbus nehaini kusvika kune zvakawanda zvakapinza zvejini motokari. Hydrogen yakauya zvakananga muzvirindiro, ichipfuura nemutokari. Nhamba yehydrogen, pamwe chete nemhepo inofanirwa kuti iite, yakagadzirwa nevharovha yemhepo kana ne "gas" pedal.

Iko kutsvaga kwekutanga Semaiti inoshandiswa muchando. Injini inoputika nyore nyore, pasinei nekupisa kwepamusoro. Iyo motokari yakashanda zvakajeka uye kwenguva yakareba. Ichokwadi, mabhaloni akabuda, uye Shelitsa akakurukura. Mushure maizvozvi, nzira yakadzivirirwa yekudzivirira yakaumbwa. Inokonzerwa nesuwo remvura, iro rakabvisa kushandiswa kwemusanganiswa panguva yekubuda kwejini inounganidza. Saka motokari ye hydrogen yakava yakachengeteka.

Nenzira, mushure meimwe injini yainge yakabviswa, yakange isisina zviratidzo zvekupfeka. Mumakirinda pakange pasina mari, uye magasi ekuyerera aingova mvura yemvura chete.

Hydrogen inoponesa upenyu

Invented nenzira iyi mhepo inonzi hydrogen munguva yehondo yakabatsira kuponesa upenyu hwakawanda, kupona kubviswa, uye akagamuchira mubairo wekukudziridza uku, uye kunyange yepamutemo. Iyo nyanzvi yakagadzirirwa Red Star.

Hydrogen taxi

Mushure mehondo, apo pakanga pasina nzvimbo yokuwana hydrogen, izvi zvakakanganwika. Zvisinei, vamwe vanhu vachiri kuyeuka kuti muUkraine, muKharkov, paiva nekatekisi, asi kwete yega, asi hydrogen taxi.

Save with Brown gas

Muzhinji kunyange kunyanya motokari yekare ICE yai inopisa kure nekukwanisa. Inenge 60% yemusanganiswa wemhepo uye mafuta zvinongorasikirwa mumatumbo evanhu vakawanda. Mune muunganidzi musanganiswa wacho unopisa zvachose, asi panguva imwechete unogadzirawo gasi rinokonzera kupisa gasi.

Iwe unogona kushandisa hydrogen generator. Iyi ndiyo midziyo mitsva iyo inonyanya kuchengetedza pamafuta mumotokari. Zvizhinji zvezviyero izvi zvine dhigiriji yematafura. Zvisinei, zvakananga iyo hydrogen generator yemotokari yevashambadziri vakasiyana vanogona kuita zvimwe.

Hydrogen yakashandiswa sehuwandu hwemafuta kwenguva refu. Asi ipapo pakanga pasina maitiro ekugadzirisa kusanganiswa kwefurairi uye iyo inonzi Girazi, iyo yakadyidzwa mukati mezvigadziri.

Iyo hydrogen generator yemotokari mubasa rayo inoshandisa izwi re electrolysis. Mvura pano inoshandiswa sechinhu chinokonzera. Asi haibvumiri muzvikamu zviviri-oksijeni nehydrogen. Muzvigadzirwa zvemazuva ano haashandisi chinhu chinopfuura Brown's gas. Ihu hunovaraidza kana huri huni. Dzimwe nguva inonzi mvura yegesi kana oxygenidrogen. Chirevo chacho ndecheHHO. Kusiyana kwaro ndechokuti zvakachengeteka zvachose uye hazviputi. Mukuwedzera, iyo yose gasi inogadzirwa ichagoverwa zvachose kumakona.

Jenereta dzakadaro dzine chigadzirwa chinogadzira electrolysis, uye magetsi. Electrolysis michina inotungamirirwa nemusarudzo. Mune injini injector, chigadzirwa chinopawo kugadzirisa. Iyo inobvumira mukutengesa nzira yekugadzirisa kuenzana kwehuwandu hwekutsvaira mafuta uye nemhepo neBrozen gas.

Mhando dzekugadzirisa

Mazviero anoshandiswa mumagetsi anokonzera mashoma, ane masero akaparadzaniswa uye akaoma.

Muchiitiko chekutanga, sero ine chinyorwa chakareruka uye chekare. Kutungamira zvakare zvakare nyore. Chigadzirwa chacho chinokwanisa kupa 0.7 litre zvegasi paminiti. Izvo zvakagadzirirwa motokari ine injini kukwanisa kusvika ku 1.4 litere.

Chirudziro nemhando yakasiyana yemasero kakatova chimwe chinhu chinoshanda. Pano, pedza nemidziyo iyo yose inofanirwa software. Chigadzirwa chacho chinogona kupa 2 litita paminiti. Ichi chikwata chine unyanzvi hwakakwana.

Chigadzirwa chemhando yakaoma chinoshandiswa kunyanya pamichina ine maitirwo emakore anoshanda kwenguva yakareba. Iko kushanda kwakawandisa. Izvo zvinoenderana nokuti ingani mahwendefa mune izvi zvakagadzirwa. Sezvo mahwendefa ane urongwa hwakasununguka, inowanikwa kuti ipe zvakanaka kuporesa.

Nzira yekuita sei mafuta egoroti yemotokari?

Rimwe mafuta kana chigadziro chinogadzira hydrogen kubva mumvura uye kuiswa mubhoti imomo inogona kuitwa yakazvimirira. Iko inokonzerwa negasi inofanirwa kudyidzwa kuti iwedzere kudyiwa. Saka iwe unogona kuwana kuderedza kukuru kwekushandisa mafuta, uye mune dzimwe nguva, unogona kuwedzera simba remotokari.

MuUnited States, hydrogen generator yemotokari inobudiswa mumafekitari, uye inogona kutengwa nemadhora 300. Zvisinei, tichaedza kuita zvakafanana, asi nemaoko edu.

Chii chaunoda kuvaka?

Kugadzira ichi chigadziro chatinoda chingava ye polyethylene, mahwendefa nemasikironi emasimbi, mafoni ekubatanidza, kuvhara, hoses, pamwe nechisimbiso uye kuvhara tape. Uyewo unoda silicone rubha.

Mirayiridzo yeMagungano

Kuti uite motokari paHyidrogen nemaoko ako pachako, unoda kuwana simba rakakodzera nehuwandu. Ichava mvura yakawanda. Mukati memudziyo, uye munyaya ino ipurasitiki yepurasitiki, michina yesimbi inogona kuiswa. Zvinenge zviri nani kana iri tsvina isina tsvina. Electrodes inofanira kuendeswa kumahwendefa.

Chifukidzo chinofanira kuva chiri nyore kwazvo kubvisa kana kusimbisa uye nyore nyore kuzadza nemvura. Nzvimbo yepamusoro yejenereji inogadziriswa inofanira kuva nehuputi iyo inokonzera hydrogen yakananga kuwanda kwekutora motokari yako. Zvakakosha kuchengeta chisimbiso chisimbiso. Hydrogen uye oksijeni zvizere gasi dzakaipisisa. Ipapo iwe unoda kuisa nzvimbo pakati peplate. Izvi zvinogona kuvandudza kugadzirwa kwemagasi uye kuderedza kuraswa kwaringaita.

Paunenge uchishanda jenereta iyi, unofanira kunyatsocherechedza kuti kutungamira kubva kumagetsi uye mahwendefa edu haasunungure. Izvi zvinosanganisira ngozi yemoto. Nyaya ye generator yedu inofanirawo kuva yakavimbika sezvinobvira. Isai chivharo neSilicone Rubber.

Simbisa jenereta

Kuti uvandudze hydrogen production system, ita imwezve simba kumamiriro aya. Inofanira kuva yakakwirira kupfuura yekutanga. Iwe unogona kuvabatanidza navo nerubatsiro rwemashubhu. Saka iwe unogona kushandisa sarudzo zvakanyanya.

Electronic unit

Iyi chikamu chejenereta inogonawo kuungana iwe pachako, kunyanya kana pane ruzivo mumunda wemagetsi. Kana ruzivo rwakadaro uye unyanzvi zvisingawanikwi, zviri nani kutaura nevanyori munharaunda idzi. Simba rinotarirwa rinofanira kuchinja kamwe chete ikozvino, iyo inodyiswa kumahwendefa, zvichienderana nekufambisa kwemotokari.

Simba rinogona kugadziriswa kuedza zvisinganzwisisiki zvemotokari, uye zvakare pasi pemutoro. Imwe magetsi inofanirwa kugamuchira ruzivo kubva kune sensens yemotokari yekudzivirira.

Mushure mekuisa jenereta iyi, unofanirwa kuongorora zvakare kusimba uye kuvimbiswa kwehutano hwose hwekugadzira iyi. Kuvhiringidzika kune ngozi kwete kungoita mikana yekuputika, semakemikisi akadaro achaita kuti kuwedzerwa mafuta akawanda. Somugumisiro, mhedzisiro ichave isina kunaka zvikuru. Asi kazhinji, mhepo yakadaro ye-hydrogen, inogadzirwa nemaoko ako, inokubvumira kuchengetedza kubva pa25% kusvika ku40% yemafuta.

Imidziyo yakadaro uye nzira dzakadai dzehupfumi huve kwenguva refu uye kubudirira zvakashandiswa munyika yose. Mutori wenhau anonyanya kuzivikanwa Arnold Schwarzenegger ave achityaira motokari yakasanganiswa iyo inomhanya pane petrol ne hydrogen. Motokari yacho inodhura iyo star movie $ 150,000. Iyo inoshandiswa mafuta yeiri injini yakabatana iri 5.8 liter pamakiromita 100.

Nhasi motokari yakadaro yeHyrogen-inowanikwa muRussia inogonawo kuva yakakosha.

Saka, takaziva zvose zvinoshandiswa uye maitiro emotokari kune iri mararamiro ehupenyu. Sezvaunogona kuona, iyi ndiyo nzira chaiye chaiyo kune petoro yanhasi. Uye pane tariro kuti mumakumi emakore anotevera vanhu vachaenda kune imwe nhanho yekufambisa, uko motokari dzinoshanda pa hydrogen dzichitenderera mumigwagwa.