Listeriosis - chii? Listeriosis - Zviratidzo, Treatment, Prevention

Chaizvo chirwere nevakawanda nhasi vaiona listeriosis. Chii? Hazvina chakavanzika chirwere ichi ngozi chaizvo. Asi chii chiri chikonzero? Chii huru zviratidzo achabatsirwa? Pane nzira dzinoshanda kurapa uye kudzivirira? Zvinobvira sezvineiwo kuti vazvidzivirire? ruzivo urwu vachava kubatsira vose.

Listeriosis - chii?

Listeriosis chinhu zvirwere zvinotapukira. In mushonga inozivikanwa pasi mazita akasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira nevrellez, chirwere rwaTigirisi, listerellez uye zvichingodaro. D. Zvinofanira kuzivikanwa kuti kana chirwere kwakadaro chirwere kunonyanya kunokanganisa nhengo dzinobudisa maitiro uye huta tishu.

The mutumwa chirwere yokutanga kurondedzerwa muna 1911 na S. Halfesom. Muna 1926, masayendisiti kuCambridge University (tsvakurudzo inotungamirwa J. Murray) ndivo vakatanga kuziva causative mutumwa zvinyama, vanonhonga varwere Guinea nguruve uye tsuro.

Nechekare muna 1927 Ini zvinganaka zita Piri ichangobva kuwanikwa boka zvigare Listeria (Listeria) mukukudza musayendisiti D. Lister, vakambodzidza hunhu hosha muSouth Africa. Uye kare muna 1929, nayo utachiona oga kubva tishu kwevanhu.

tsananguro pfupi nayo utachiona

Listeria - utachiona tsvimbo-zvakaumbwa, raiva boka facultative anaerobes. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti muviri uyu nemishonga kwokunze kwezvakatipoteredza. Listeria anokwanisa kuwanda mvura muvhu uye miti kana akafa cadavers mhuka. Mabhakitiriya aya anogona kushivirira oma nyore. Kunyange pasi zvakananga chezuva Listeria anogona kuramba kukwanisa kugona kurarama kwevhiki mbiri.

kufamba nzira

Chokwadi, nyaya kupararira chirwere kuti kudanana zvakakwana akakodzera. Sezvambotaurwa, Listeria - kumbonyanya kugadzikana tusingaoneki anogona kurarama kunze hondo kwenguva refu.

Saka sei imi kuwana chirwere ichi? Kutaura zvazviri, nzira ine chirwere angava akasiyana - chiri pfapfaidzo, uye fecal-nemumuromo, uye transplacental. Panobva nayo utachiona inogona utachiona munhu, sezvo utachiona vari yabudiswa pamwe mutsvina yadzo, nemate, urume uye zvimwe zvinwiwa. Uye zvinoita kupararira chirwere kubva amai mwana panguva pamuviri, kukurukura kana kuyamwisa.

Zvisinei, kazhinji, utachiona rinowanikwa pakushandisa nyama kana mhuka tsvina vanorwara zvigadzirwa. Kutaura zvazviri, mhuka listeriosis kunowanzoitika. The chirwere anogona kuwira muviri wavo, kunyange nemvura. Most kubatwa yehuku chirwere uye mhuka, kunyange kazhinji vatakuri listeria Zvikara mhuka (raccoons, nemakonzo, makava, hoofed mhuka), uyewo hove.

Ukuwo, hweHIV womunhu muviri kunogona kuitika panguva ingestion mvura yakasvibiswa kana asina kushambwa itsva miriwo nemichero.

Pane ngozi?

Pakarepo zvinokosha kuziva kuti chirwere akanga dzakaonekwa munyika dzose Europe uye, chokwadi, kakawanda chaizvo dzimwe nyika. In zvisingatomboiti utano womunhu muviri hausi haatani kugumbuka kuti akasiyana siyana chirwere. Kunyange zvakadaro, boka pangozi inofanira kusanganisira vanhu vanoshanda mumunda mhuka minda.

Uyezve, iyi nyaya huru kukosha zvirwere. Listeriosis muvanhu pamwe akaderedza nemishonga iri chirwere kazhinji. Somuenzaniso, nokuti chirwere mhando iyi vakadzi vade nepamuviri, vana vachangoberekwa uye vakwegura. Zvinhu Risk zvinosanganisirawo pamberi kenza, chirwere cheshuga, kana maronda ari excretory hurongwa. Vamwe zvinodhaka kuti vamise basa zvirwere zvinogona kuwedzera susceptibility kuna Listeria. Uye vachiri pangozi vanosanganisira varwere immunocompromised.

Panzira, kutapata kuti chirwere ichi vaberekawo - mumwe pakurwara munhu anogona kuti utachiwana zvekare.

The kunotoda mufananidzo uye pathogenesis

Listeria anopinda muviri kuburikidza mucous membranes ari zvomudumbu turakiti, kanenge - kuburikidza makatsemuka paganda. Nokudaro tusingaoneki pamwe neropa anogona rakapararira muviri. Kakawanda, zviri iiswe node nodes, apo pavanotanga vanoshingaira kuwanda, iyo inosvitsa kuzvimba.

Zviya, Listeria anogona kupinda mukati chena muropa macrophage masero. Pano vari Masked kubva masoja emuviri uye kuva Eriya aitombotyawo nemishonga. Mumunda vanoshingaira kukura mabhakitiriya vakaumba atumidzwa listeriomy zviri necrotic nodules. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvakawanda necrosis inoenda kukura sepsis. Uyezve, Listeria kazhinji inopinda tsinga iya inosvitsa nemigumisiro ngozi.

Listeriosis: Zviratidzo muvanhu

How kuona kuvapo chirwere chakadaro? kuchinja muviri akonzera nehanya chii? Pakarepo zvinokosha kuziva kuti incubation nguva kunotora mazuva 3 kusvika 45, pashure pacho hunotanga kuratidza listeriosis. Zviratidzo muvanhu kuvimba chaizvo izvo nhengo dzinotambura utachiona. To musi, pane zvakawanda zvikuru siyana chirwere.

• Anginal-septic muchimiro mushonga kuonekwa rakajairika. In kwokutanga nzendo kunotoda mufananidzo zvakafanana senguva angina. Akatsvuka uye edema yacho huro. Varwere vanotsutsumwa kurwadziwa apo pakuparadza. Mumwe anogona kuchengeta kuwedzera hwevanhu vanorwara uye pedyo node nodes. Uyezve, pane, uye chikuru zviratidzo kudhaka - nefivhiri (dzimwe nguva kusvika 40-41 madhigirii), kutemwa nomusoro, kurukutika, dzava kurwadza, chills. Pasina mishonga kungaita necrosis. Uye chirwere chinogona kupararira musimboti tsinga mamiriro.
• Zvikuru ngozi ndiyo huta listeriosis. Zviratidzo iyi nyaya kufanana kunotoda mufananidzo pamwe yomumuzongoza, meningoencephalitis uye abscesses. Yomumuzongoza achabatsirwa anotemwa nemusoro, kurutsa, kugwinha, delirium, Rigidity kwemitsipa netsandanyama. Meningoencephalitis kana murwere ane imwe zviratidzo, kusanganisira ptosis (vachirembedza) of namafungiro uye anikozoriyu (cheka kukura mumwe vadzidzi).
• Vachangoberekwa utachiona vana kazhinji kuva septic granulomatous listeriosis. Zviratidzo dzayo dzakasiyana-siyana - fivha, marwadzo, kukuvara tsinga, muviri, ganda mapundu, etc. Kakawanda, utachiona inobata kwete chete huta, asiwo kufema uye kumwoyo ... Kakawanda kuomesa nzira iyi hosha iri purulent pleurisy uye nemabayo.
• Pane uye ziso-glandular chirwere kuti mishonga yemazuva ano zvisinganyanyi kuitika. Kakawanda, chirwere chakadai ikabuda iri zvakananga kuonana mhuka utachiona. The kunotoda mufananidzo uyu nyaya afanane purulent conjunctivitis. Achiperekedzwa chirwere of mucous Kamudzira kuzvimba maziso, pakazvimba, akatsvuka uye chitarisiko hune purulent buditsa. Kazhinji varwere chokunyunyuta pamusoro zvikuru kuvaviwa, unopfuta uye kunyange marwadzo mumaziso. Nevamwe zvinhu ingasanganisira simba nokuwedzera tembiricha uye kuvapo chepfu zviratidzo, izvo zviri vanhuwo conjunctivitis asina kuratidzwa. Uyezve, zvinoita here kuona nokuwedzera pedyo node nodes.

Chero zvazvingava, rokuongorora listeriosis angabvuma chete chiremba. Naizvozvo, pakuonekwa wokutanga zviratidzo vanofanira kutsvaka kubatsirwa navanachiremba.

Modern nzira nechirwere

Kutaura zvazviri, pane hosha dzakawanda kuti zviratidzo zvavo vakafanana Listeria. Chii uye chii vari mitemo differential nechirwere? Somuenzaniso, mune dzimwe nguva, chirwere afanane kutapuriranwa mononucleosis ihosha huro, uyewo siyana kutapukirwa noutachiona kufema.

Nhoroondo chirwere Chokwadi, inotanga pakarongwa murwere kuratidza kunyunyuta. Mune ramangwana, mamwe miedzo zvinoitiswa. Zvikurukuru munguva murabhoritari kuongorora ropa ivhu zvinogona kuonekwa kuwedzera kwenhamba monocytes. Muvanhu, murwere zvichienderana kuvapo zviratidzo unotakurwa fenzi madzihwa kubva pamuromo uye pahuro, conjunctival zvinoyerera, cerebrospinal mvura. Mune zvimwe zviitiko ponji pamusoro node nodes. Nokuti vanofungidzirwa listeriosis panguva pamuviri, chiremba wako anogona mishonga zvakabudiswa uye kuidzwa mimwe Líquido mvura kana placenta.

Under Murabhoritari mamiriro, seeding rinoitwa munyika inotonhorera svikiro. nzira iyi zvinoita kwete chete yokuziva hunhu nayo utachiona, asi ayo aikanganiswa imwe somushonga chigadzirwa.

Serological muedzo listeriosis ndiyewo chaizvo yakarurama, asi zvinogona kupa mhinduro venhema. Uyezve ongororo kuvimba chimiro chirwere. Somuenzaniso, apo murwere vanofungidzirwa kuvapo pute akatumira musi mris. Huta chimiro listeriosis kunoda kubvunzana wetsinga, uyewo kuita rimwe lumbar ponji uye pfungwa eeg.

How kubata listeriosis?

Chokwadi, nhoroondo chirwere kunokosha zvikuru kuti zvakakodzera kugadzirira kurapwa zvaiitwa. Saka sokunge kurapa zvirwere zvakadai?

Murwere yokutanga ushandiswe inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Quite inoshanda mushonga dziri seva erythromycin, tetracycline uye chloramphenicol. Zvisinei, mune zvimwe zviitiko, chiremba wako anogona kusarudza zvimwe zvinodhaka, sezvo zvose zvinoenderana ukuru nehanya kwemabhakitiriya tisawirirane kune imwe fuma.

Pamwe ichi, murwere jekiseni nomutsinga ane isotonic mhinduro kuti yavaibvisa chloride uye varayire diuretics - iyi kunobatsira kubvisa kunokuvadza tsvina uye kubvisa chikuru zviratidzo kudhaka.

Dzimwe nzira yokurapa kunobva mhando nekuomarara chirwere. Somuenzaniso, pamwe maronda ose tsinga chinotarisirwa varwere benzylpenicillin. Kana chirwere akarova ziso, ipapo ayo kurapwa kushandiswa ziso anodonhedza, uye dzimwe nguva anogumbura corticosteroid mafuta.

Kusvikira kurapa kwenguva refu zvinoda listeriosis? Treatment rinoitwa chete mira ezvinhu - kureva, mune rwarisa dhipatimendi. Kazhinji, chikuru zviratidzo chirwere inonyangarika pashure pemavhiki 2-4. Zvadaro, murwere anotarisirwa kuti firimu zvakare - kana pakuongororwa akasimbisa kusavapo listeria, murume anogona kunyora. Zvisinei, listeriosis yave achirwara kwemakore maviri zvinofanira vakanyorwa mune chirwere dhipatimendi uye vanosangana dzose dzokurapwa bvunzo.

kana matambudziko zvinobvira?

Kazhinji, Zvokudya zvakakwana kurapwa nenguva kunobatsira nokukurumidza kubvisa chirwere ichi. Asi pane zvimwe matambudziko, izvo inobatanidzwa listeriosis. Chii?

Nokuti kutanga zvinokosha kuziva kuti matambudziko vari Ungangove pachena kuti vana vachangoberekwa, uye vanhu vane zvikuru nokutya zvirwere. Panguva pamuviri, rwaamai noutachiona uye muviri, ukuwo, fetus kungaita kuti kupera ari mudumbu, kubereka mwana akafa, ari kubuda zvimwe malformations fetus kukura, etc. Kana mwana akanga utachiona pakusununguka, mumazuva muviri wemwana wokutanga tinganetseka yematambudziko akadai purulent yomumuzongoza, kutyora kufema uye kweropa nehurongwa. Listeria kunogona kukonzera kwazvo chimiro nemabayo, izvo kazhinji unoguma ngozi mwana.

Zvikuru kune huta chimiro chirwere zvinoshungurudza. Mwana ane zvakafanana kwezvirwere mhando kunogona kukuvadza epfungwa, iyo, ukuwo, rinobatanidza yematambudziko zvakadai mupfungwa retardation, tsviyo, rutivi rwomuviri.

In vakuru, rakajairika migumisiro zvinosanganisira endocarditis uye kuzvimba chiropa. Asi kunyange vakura huta muchimiro listeriosis panzvimbo pasina kurapwa kunoguma lethally muna 45 - 70% nyaya. Ndokusaka kuzvidzosera hakufaniri kufuratira zviratidzo kana anozvipira medicate.

Varumbidzwa matanho

Zvinosuruvarisa kuti musi hapana mushonga kuti anogona kudzivirira vanhu kubva chirwere rinonzi listeriosis nokusingaperi. Kudzivirira muchiitiko ichi rakaoma nenzira yokuti utachiona ndiyo zvikuru nemishonga kwokunze ezvinhu vagopinda womunhu muviri nenzira dzakasiyana.

Ndokusaka nzira chete here anobudirira chinodzivirira nokungwarira kutevera zvose utano uye kuchengeteka uye mhuka utano nhungamiro. Mumapurazi uye kumapurazi tichiita kukura mhuka, mhuka dzinoda iongororwe kugara uye muvatsvakire yepamusoro kurapa kana zvakakodzera. Kana pauzima kudzivirirwa, haufaniri kukanganwa pamusoro zvakakodzera pakugadzirisa zvokudya - zvakafanira kuvidza mukaka, nyama, Sausages nezvimwe zvokudya zvinogadzirwa kunyatsoongorora ndagocha kwazvo.

Munhu nechirwere chirwere tinofanira kubatwa muchipatara, kuti arege kuva kunobva chirwere vamwe. Wabvisa zvinogoneka chete kana pakuongororwa achisimbisa zvizere kupora uye kusavapo kukonzera muviri-utachiona.