Kushandiswa reruoko nokuva b zviratidzo: mitemo, zvinhu uye kurovedza

Pasinei kuedza vadzidzi kuti ruzivo runowanikwa mumakore avo kuchikoro vagutsikane, vachagara vanoda mune ramangwana, zvinosuwisa, hazvisi. Zvisinei, zvimwe zvinhu kuchikoro, chokwadi, kubatsira muupenyu akura. Somuenzaniso, kukwanisa kunyora zvakarurama. Kuti mukudzidzire, unofanira kuziva zvinhu girama mitemo yomutauro wokuRussia. Pakati pavo - mitemo inodzora kushandiswa kuparadzana B b zviratidzo.

Hard chiratidzo: nhoroondo yaro basa shoko

Twenty namasere tsamba nearufabheti wokuRussia, kunyange zvazvo izvozvo hazvirevi ruzha mumashoko kuita rinokosha ushande. правила, регулирующие употребление ъ и ь знаков, стоит немного узнать о ее истории и роли в слове. Saka, usati funga mitemo inodzora kushandiswa reruoko nokuva b zviratidzo, vanofanira kuziva zvishoma pamusoro nhoroondo yaro uye basa shoko.

Hard chiratidzo iripo mune necheSalvic mitauro, akapotsa kubva panguva inotungamirwa yavo. Pakutanga, zvakanga pfupi nzvanyira inzwi, kusvikira yakava tsamba mbeveve kuti inoshandiswa kupatsanura mazwi kupinda mabhii, uye kutsiva blanks.

Pakupera yacho XIX remakore. zvakanzi akacherechedza kuti kakawanda kushandiswa Kommersant mundima (4% yose inowanwa) riri kukodzera, kunyanya mu neteregirafu mubhizimisi, kurzive kunyora uye kutsikisa. Panyaya iyi, takatsvaga kushomeka kushandisa yakasimba chiratidzo.

Pashure pokuchinja kwezvinhu 1917, tsamba iyi zvachose yakaguma kweanenge makore gumi. Somunhu separator mumakore iwayo, mumashoko anoshandiswa apositurofi. Zvisinei, muna 1928 akanga adzingwa mutauro wokuRussia (asi akaramba ari wokuUkraine uye Belarusian), uye ayo panoparadzana kushanda akatora chiratidzo rakaoma, zvaakanga anotakura kusvikira nhasi.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, mumashoko akaisa b

With Panyaya kushandisa yakaoma mundiro, pane mitemo shoma nemashoko ayo asati e, W, e, i:

• Pashure prefixes kuti inopera emakonzonendi: connector, predyubileyny.
• Maererano vakabva mimwe mitauro, pamwe prefixes vaibata, michina, diz-, invariant, chinguva, wevasungwa, uye nekuona dzesub: adjuvant disjunction.
• Mushure pakaunda, pani, nakisa, mhiri uye feld-: panevropeizm, superyacht.
• Remubatanidzwa mashoko kutanga zviviri, mashanu, vana hunyambiri-Musimboti,-pamwero matatu, chetyrehyazychny.

Kune dzimwe anosiyiwa, kana b haisi panosangana prefixes uye midzi, uye shoko racho pacharo. emazita izvi zvinosanganisira rekutakura uye hunonyadzisa.

Kana b haasi

Kuwedzera mitemo kushandiswa reruoko uye, b nezviratidzo, zvinokosha kuyeuka uye zviitiko apo havafaniri kuisa:

• Hard chiratidzo haina kuisa shoko pamwe chivakashure vachipedzisira tsamba nzvanyira, apo, pashure iye vakatevera mavhawero munhu, o, u, y, e, That: rwakanyarara, ikadziviswa.
• Regai kuisa chiratidzo tichitarisa slozhnosokraschennyh: inyaz, glavyuvelirtorg.
• Regai akariisa zviratidzo, achinyora ane hyphen: hafu diocese, hafu apuro.

Uchifunga mitemo kushandiswa reruoko uye, b zviratidzo, kuita panoparadzana basa neshoko, zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti chiratidzo "mukati" uye "mabharani" zvakanyorwa mhiri nyoro chiratidzo. kunyora kwakadaro hakuna kunze, sezvo shoko "mukati" Inter - kwete chivakashure, sezvo chikamu mudzi. Uye "munyori" chivakashure haasi Sub, uye po- uye -dyach - ndiwo mudzi.

Ko nyoro chiratidzo

Kana b, zvaireva munguva dzekare pfupi nzvanyira [a], asi zvishoma, sezvo Kommersant hachisisina zvaanoreva.

Saizvozvo rakaramba mano [uye] kupa softness yapfuura nzvanyira.

Kusiyana yakasimba mucherechedzo, dzakapfavirira shoko rinogona kuita mabasa matatu.

• Kupatsanura.
• Inozivisa inzwi yatangira nyoro.
• Kushandiswa kuratidza zvimwe girama siyana.

Terms of kushandiswa nyoro chiratidzo

, регулирующие употребление ъ и ь знаков , стоит усвоить несколько правил: Kudzidza mitemo mutauro Russian wedare kushandiswa reruoko uye, b zviratidzo, vanofanira kudzidza mitemo shoma:

• Soft chiratidzo, kuita Kuparadzana basa, haana kuisa mushure chivakashure (ndiko mugove yakasimba mark). Parts mashoko, umo kuparadzana S zvichinzi - ndiwo mudzi, suffix uye nekuguma e, e, W, N: tsoko, mukati. mutemo uyu unoshanda zvose mutauro Russian, uye pamusoro mashoko yaainge mimwe mitauro.
• Kuparadzanisa S kuisa mamwe mashoko asati mubatanidzwa letters: howa, medallion, hunde uye miriyoni.

Kana apo yaJehovha vazivise pamusoro softness iri rapfuura inzwi, uye asingadi kuita panoparadzana basa, kwarinovirira pakutsvaga mitemo zvinotevera:

• Pakati kweshoko yaJehovha inoratidza softness tsamba L, kana pashure mumwe nzvanyira kunze L: Tom Thumb, munyengetero. Uyewo, "kwete wedged" chiratidzo dzakapfavirira vari mubatanidzwa letters: LF Hm, HH, PM, Cheka, CHN, RF, schn (muridzi wengoma, kenduru).
• Pakati kweshoko chiratidzo anoiswa pakati nyoro uye dzakaoma emakonzonendi: ndapota chaizvo.
• Pakati kweshoko yaJehovha angamira pakati vaviri nyoro nemavara. Kunopiwa kuti chokutanga ari munyoro chimiro shoko kuchinja, uye wechipiri - anowana pokuoma: chikumbiro - kukumbira tsamba - tsamba akati.
• Mune zvimwe zviitiko, chiratidzo ichi riri panoperera shoko mushure nzvanyira. Panguva iyoyo zvinobatsira kuisa kukosha zviratidzo: Mufurakisi (chirimwa) - usimbe (Hunhu), with (nzvimbo bheji iri mutambo) - bhiza (mhuka).

Sezvo chiratidzo kuti zvimwe zvivakamutauro siyana chimiro ichi rinoshandiswa Muzviitiko zvakadaro:

• The adjectives kuti vavapo kubva mazita mwedzi (kunze January): February, September.
• Panoperera pakati sezviverengo kubvira 5 kusvika 30, uye pakati pavo, kana ivo kunan'anura makumi kubva 50 kusvika 80 uye mazana 500 900.: nhanhatu, makumi manomwe masere.
• Mugore inotodiwa verbs (kunze nhema - pasi): Torai panze - ndikadzura, kukanda - uzvirasire.
• In kuitika chokuti (kwokutanga rechiito) vanoumba kukura.
• Muzviitiko zvose shoko "masere" uye richishanda nyaya muzvizhinji. uwandu munhu sezviverengo uye emazita: matanhatu, nezvamboko.

Kushandiswa waJehovha uye, b grade sizzling g, h, W, W

Zvichitevera tsamba idzi, kuti nyoro chiratidzo zvinogoneka nemashoko anotevera ezvinhu:

• Pamugumo vakawanda adverbs nezvimedu, kunze: zvakare, zvikuru, sokusingatsungiririki, akaroora uye ari pakati rokuti.
• The kuitika chokuti: kuchengetedza, kubheka.
• Mugore inotodiwa rechiito: zodzera, anonyaradza.
• The harinzwi II munhu yakazonaka verbs nezveramangwana uye chipo: tengesa, raznesesh.
• Pamugumo nominative emazita Well. mhando, muna III declension: mwanasikana nesimba. Enzanisa mu mamita mhando -. Danidzira, broadsword.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, S harishandiswi pashure tsamba idzi:

• In pazita declension II: Hangman, chokunyepera.
• The pfupi-chimiro adjectives: itsva, kupisa.
• The genitive muuzhinji emazita: puddles, makore.

Hard chiratidzo pashure Well, W, h, u, panopera shoko kana mudzi haina kuisa se "nzvimbo" yake anogara pashure chivakashure pamberi e, e, W, i.

Kushandiswa waJehovha uye, b zviratidzo: muviri

Pashure pokuongorora vose nyaya yokumisa zvakaoma uye akapfava zviratidzo, vanofanira kuenda kurovedza. Kuti tidzivise kuvhiringidzika, tauya pamwe ruzhinji pamusoro mitemo kushandiswa reruoko uye, b zviratidzo. The tafura pazasi, richava chavanomboziva mabasa.

In pachiitwa ichi, unofanira kusarudza tsamba anofanira mumashoko.

basa ichi chinoreva kushandiswa nyoro chiratidzo, vachitevera muridzo mabhii. Zvinofanira kuzarura mumabhuraketi uye apo uchida - kuisa nyoro chiratidzo.

Mumakore chiitwa, unofanira kunyora pasi zano muna 2 pembiru. In rokutanga - vaya rinoshandiswa b, rechipiri - avo pasina izvozvo.

Pasinei chokwadi kuti zvakaoma, uye akapfava zviratidzo zviri tsamba "nyarara", yavanobata nebasa rinokosha mumutauro weRussia. Unogona kuita zvakawanda zvikanganiso mukutaura kwake zvakanyorwa, kana iwe hauzivi girama mitemo kushandiswa reruoko uye, b zviratidzo. Yemanyorero kupfuura munhu kudzidza harifaniri kuvhiringidzwa, vamwe zviratidzo zvinofanira kuiswa mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu. Zvisinei, zvinokosha, kunyanya panyaya zvinyoronyoro chiratidzo, sezvo kazhinji chete zvayo pamberi anobatsira kuziva lexical zvinoreva shoko.