Kupatsanura madziva uye dzakavapo

Lake - a namahwindo rusesi Sushi, akazara mvura. It ane anonoke mvura Exchange, mukusiyana kune nzizi uye runoyerera mumvura nyanza, mukusiyana kuti makungwa. mitumbi izvi mvura yedu iri vanoiswa anoparadzirwa. The zvachose nzvimbo Nyika anenge 2,7 Lakes Mill. ² km, kana anenge 1,8% yenyika pamusoro.

Lakes vari interconnected nemashoko akawanda kusiyana sezvo wokunze parameters uye murwiyo mvura mamiriro, mavambo, etc.

The kupatsanura pakati madhamu kubudikidza mavambo

Glacial madziva akaumba nokuda kunyunguduka mazitombo echando. Izvi zvakaitika panguva kwazvo zvitsinga inotonhora kuti ungasunga makondinendi kanoverengeka mumakore mamiriyoni 2 years. Mugumisiro echando vemazera vaiva madhamu ano dziri yose North America uye Europe, kureva muna Canada, Baffin Island, dzekuma Scandinavia, yakarwiwa panzvimbo inonzi Karelia, kuBaltic States, kuti Urals uye mune dzimwe nzvimbo.

Huge akakora echando pasi kurema vayo uremu, uyewo nokuda kufamba kwavo vanoumba zvakawanda Nomumakomba akadzika ari panyika, dzimwe nguva kunyange tectonic mahwendefa vakatamira vega. Mumakomba izvi uye mitswe pashure kunyunguduka chando uye akaumba madziva. Mumwe vamiririri glacial madhamu anganzi dziva. Arberzee.

The chinokonzera tectonic madhamu simbi kufamba lithospheric ndiro, apo mitswe vari yakaumbwa muna goko. Vakatanga uchazadzwa nemvura kubva kubvunda mazitombo echando, izvo zvakazoita kuti chidzoke kwaiita Dam. Muenzaniso mukuru ndiye Baikal.

River madhamu kuoneka kana paine kupwa nzvimbo aibuda nzizi. Muchiitiko chino, pane mwero ngetani reservoirs kuti vavapo kubva chete rwizi. A pachake rwizi mafashamo idzodzo wechipiri vari makungwa, izvo zvinokonzerwa nemvura chipingamupinyi kukanganisa mvura chiteshi.

Coastal madhamu vanonzi estuaries. Vanoonekwa pa ichizadza nebani nzizi mvura mumakungwa, kana somugumisiro richikwidibira mugungwa kumiganhu. Mukupera nyaya rekuUnited pakati Gulf uye negungwa rinowanika kanyika nyika kana mvura shoma. In estuaries, dzakabuda confluence enzizi uye gungwa, mvura zvikuru vava munuhwi.

Karst madhamu vari pasi Makomba kuti vakazadzwa kwemvura pachivande nzizi. Makomba - nayo dips lithosphere, zvinosanganisira reraimu matombo. Nokuda kukundikana reraimu matombo anomira pasi dura, uye kunokanganisa pachena rizadze nemvura; ivo yakajeka.

In karst madhamu uriko runoratidza - vava nenguva dzirikure chitarisiko chavo. Kuti, anogona kunyangarika uye Re-aumba. Fani iyi zvinoenderana nenhanho nzizi pevhu.

Mountain madhamu dziri mu gomo mumupata. Ivo akaumba nenzira dzakawanda. Nekuti dombo inowira, kuti adzikatidza rwizi kuyerera uye pakudaro kuumba dziva. Nzira Dzidzo rechipiri - iri kunonoka kuungana hombe matombo echando kuti kunosiya shure yakadzika dips Sushi - nembiya, izvo akazara mvura kubva tayavshego chando.

Lake kuputika-mhando kuoneka mune craters ose wakaderera anoputika. craters kwakadaro kunokosha kudzika uye yakakwirira pamupendero, izvo kunotadzisa kuti effluents uye affluents kwerwizi mvura. Izvi zvinoita anenge voga kuputika mudhamu. Vakazadzwa craters vasanaiwa nemvura. The kwaanogara idzi zvinhu zvinowanzotaurwa zvinoratidzwa murwiyo kwemvura dzavo. Yakakwirira kwevari carbon dioxide inobvisa kuvaita akafa, isingagariki.

Mudhamu rakagadzirwa - gungwa uye madziva. Nemaune sika nokuda maindasitiri zvinangwa yawo. Uyewo, chakagadzirwa madhamu aigona kuva mugumisiro kupikidura, kana vasara kupikidura Makomba vakazara vasanaiwa nemvura.

Kumusoro kwakanga akaanyora kupatsanura madhamu zvichienderana mavambo.

Types madziva ari Status pamusoro

Kuva kupatsanura madziva zvichienderana nzvimbo hama pasi, sezvinotevera:

1. Pano madhamu dziri zvakananga panyika pamusoro. Izvi miviri mvura vanobatanidzwa mune kugara kutenderera mvura.
2. Underground dhamu iri mukudhinda mumapako dzamakomo.

Kupatsanura pakati mineralization

Kuva kupatsanura pakati madhamu kubudikidza munyu mari inogona kushandiswa sezvinotevera:

1. Freshwater madhamu aumba kubva vasanaiwa nemvura, kubvunda mazitombo echando, pasi. Mvura zvinhu zvakagara dzisina munyu. Mukuwedzera, Freshwater madhamu ndiwo mugumisiro wacho bindepinde pakati riverbeds. Kudeuka Freshwater rwegungwa - Lake Baikal.
2. Wakawanda mvura miviri akakamurwa brackish uye wakawanda.

Brackish madhamu kunowanzoitika munzvimbo dzisinganayi munzvimbo vakanga steppes uye mumarenje.

Munyu madhamu yemunyu tigutsikane mu pakukora mvura yaro kuyeuchidza mumakungwa. Dzimwe nguva munyu madhamu wevasungwa zvishoma kupfuura mumakungwa uye nyanza.

Kupatsanura nemakemikari sezvamunoita

Makemikari anoumba panyika madziva zvakasiyana, izvozvo zvinoenderana huwandu nouipi mumvura. The madhamu vanonzi pachishandiswa ichi:

1. Carbonate madhamu zvakawedzera Kuwanda Na uye ca. Tiine subsoil ose reservoirs akadaro kugadzirwa pasoda.
2. Sulfate nyanza vaiona hunorapa nokuda kwavo zviri Na uye MG. Uyezve, sulfate nyanza - nzvimbo Glauber haisi munyu.
3. Chloride - mumwe munyu mudziva, izvo nzvimbo zvenguva dzose munyu migodhi.

Kupatsanura mvura nechiyero

1. Tsvina nyanza rusununguko eko, hwaishandiswa resets imwe mari mvura. Kazhinji, madziva ava vane nzizi akawanda inoyerera kupinda kwako pool, asi nguva dzose inoyerera. Muenzaniso wakanakisisa ndiro rakakura kupfuura mamwe ose nyanza - Lake Baikal uye Teletskoye. Kutambisa mvura madhamu - mvura yakachena.
2. Mira - munhu wakawanda nyanza, sezvo mvura iyerere mavari zvikuru inoshingaira Pakuva nefuma ayo. Ivo dziri munzvimbo murenje uye steppes. Dzimwe nguva vanoenda pasi commercial pamwero dzokubudisa yomunyu uye pasoda.

Kupatsanura vakaverengwa muviri

1. Oligotrophic madhamu ane uwandu zvinovaka muviri zviduku. Features vari pachena uye wakachena mvura, ruvara kubva yebhuruu kusvika girini, zvakadzika madhamu nouchapupu - kubva nyoro kune kukuru kuderera okisijeni kuwanda pedyo pasi pagungwa.
2. Eutrophic zvine yakakwirira yevasungwa nezvinovaka muviri. The zvinhu madziva dzakadaro ndidzo dzinotevera migumisiro: okisijeni zvinoderedza unopinza kusvetuka kuti pasi, chicherwa munyu zviri kwazvo, ruvara mvura nerima mutema kuti shava, uye kubva ichi pasi mvura zvakajeka.
3. Dystrophic madhamu vari chaizvo varombo zvicherwa. Okisijeni iri shoma, yakaderera pachena, mvura ruvara inogona yero kana rima dzvuku.

mhedziso

Earth Water bheseni vari: nzizi, makungwa, nyanza, mazizaya mumakungwa uye madhamu. Classifications madziva kunongova dzakawanda. Ava vakanga kudzokororwa munyaya ino.

Lake, uyewo mamwe mitumbi mvura - anokosha zviwanikwa, izvo zvinonzi nevakawanda anoshandiswa murume munyaya dzakasiyana.