Kemerovo - Supply of Coal

Coal ndechimwe chezvigadzirwa zvemaminera makuru munyika, kubviswa kwacho ndiko kutungamirirwa kukuru kwebhizimusi reRussia. Zvechokwadi, munda wekutsva kwemalahle unotora chikamu chinonakidza mumusika wepasi rose. Mazuva ano, mararamiro emarasha ari kudiwa zvakanyanya, nokuti kwemakore akawanda ndiyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa mafuta akawanda muupenyu hwezuva nezuva.
Kunyanya, kutengesa kwemaziza Kuzbass kunozivikanwa munyika yose. Kushanda kwekushandisa kwemalahle nemotokari kunoitwa munzvimbo yeKemerovo. Kutengeswa kwemalahle muKemerovo kunourawa nokuda kwebasa remakumi mashanu nemigodhi makumi matatu nemakumi matatu emalahle. Uye malahle ekutanga akafambiswa pano mushure megore ra1933. Mazimbe ekuendesa kuKemerovo mazuva ano ndewo muparidzi weanopfuura 50% yezvose zvinoshandiswa zvemalahle emari muRussia. Vakatengesa vese vemarasha ndivo makambani emhuri chete, sezvo mari yedu inopa kudarika hafu yenyika. Nokuda kweizvi "kutenga malahle muKemerovo" - chipo chinogara chichikosha. Mukuwedzera kunotenga rudzi rwemalahle VaZuzbass vanowanzotsvaka mari yakaenzana, vatengi vakawanda. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, mazuva ano hazvisi zvakaoma kutenga mari yakaoma muhombe. Kutenga kwemalahle inokwanisika kunotengeswa pamutengo wekutengesa kune vose mapato. Uye zvirokwazvo "Ndichatenga malahle akawanda" zvinoreva kusarudzwa kweiyo yakagamuchirwa yemari. Mukuwedzera, vese vatengesi vemarasha vanogona kupa zvigaro zvakanakisisa kune vose vanouya. Sezvo zvose zvekutengeserana kwemalahle Va Kuzbass zvinotarisana nekusangana nekuda kwevatengi pasi rose. Nokudaro, vose vanobhadhara vekudzimba emarasha vari kuenderera mberi nekutengesa kwepamusika mutengesi.
Kutenga malahle emarara, zvinokosha kuti uchinzwisisa marudzi ayo. Zvose zvinotengeswa mararamiro emarasha zvine zvinotevera: G - gasi, A - anthracite, K - coke, OC - yakasvibiswa, T - yakasvibirira, B - yakawanda yemarasha, F - mafuta, SS - kutadza kuderera, D - kwenguva refu. Zita remhando imwe neimwe rinowanzo rine chiratidzo chinoreva nhamba ye oxidzing (somuenzaniso, OK2). Muzhinji, kuwanda kwekushandiswa kweiyo mafuta kunowanikwa zvikuru. Mushure mezvose, rudzi urwu rwemafuta epasi rakashandiswa nevanhu vanhu vekutanga. Coal yakaita zvigadzirwa zvekugadzirwa kwenyika, izvo zvakaita kuti kuve nekufambisa kwemazimbe ose emari. Nenzira, nguva yevakawanda vanozivikanwa yemarasha inenge inenge mamiriyoni 350 emakore.
Iyo chaiyo yekuumbwa kwemalahle inogoneka nekuda kwehupfumi huzhinji huri kuunganidza mashizha uye kusavapo kwe dioxygen. Chaizvoizvo, dombo remazi pacharo rinoumbwa mumamiriro ezvinhu kana kuunganidzwa kwekuora kwep phytomass kunowanzoitika kupfuura kuparara kwayo kwepanyama. Zvinonzwisisika, iyo yakakwana yemamiriro ezvinhu aya ndiwo amire mvura asina kuparadzirwa kweokisijeni, iyo isingabvumi mabhakitiriya kubereka. Aya mamiriro ezvinhu, zvakare, anofanira kudzivirirwa kubva pakuparara kwechimwechete che phytomass. Nokudaro, chimiro chechisikigo che peat mass chinowanikwa, izvo zvinonzi izvo zvakagadzirwa pakutanga kwekuumbwa kwemarara emarara. Zvisinei, nzira dzekubvisa hura iri zvakananga kuburikidza nehuwandu hwezvinyorwa.