Hove-spachiana: zvakanakira pamusoro wakachena siyana. Kushandiswa hybridization

Pamwe chete wakachena kwemarudzi ndiko kushandiswa zvikuru nhasi aquaculture uye hove-remasanganiswa. It kunokosha zvikuru nemhaka yebasa ravo vachitsvaka zvokudya, kufambira kukura uye kusimba nezvirwere zvakawanda.

hybridization hove

Zvakasikwa pane dzimwe nguva kuyambuka kwemarudzi akasiyana hove zvoga. Zvisinei, VaNefirimu ava havana unhu zvakafanira munhu. Vakaperekedza nemasayendisiti uye Breeders kunoshanda kuchengetwa zvimwe mitemo unobereka itsva mhando hove, vane mikana yakawanda pamusoro wakachena kwemarudzi.

Pakutanga kuyambuka zvinhu zvaiva ainyanya mhuri Cyprinidae, ipapo hove - Sturgeon chemasanganiswa pamwe Sturgeon, ari Sturgeon, etc ...

hybridization Meaning

Mumakore achangopfuura, nokuda vawedzere hydro, kuchinja mvura hurumende enzizi, zvinoita kuti vasanyanye nevanhu mamwe hove, kunyanya Sturgeon. Pakadaro, ari hybridization kwakakosha kuti kuchengetedza chinokosha kwemarudzi. The zvichiguma VaNefirimu ruminant Sturgeon dzine chinhanho uye nokukurumidza. Izvi zvinoita kuti mari maindasitiri maberekero, vachibvumira kuwana yepamusoro hove pashure kukura nemwaka 2-3 chete.

Gadzira dzinoita zvitsva zviri akaomarara uye zvibereko kuitira kuti vanogona kushandiswa hove kurima mu mvura iyi, mashoko risingagoni vaiona akanakira hove noushamwari modes. Vari nani dzakashandisa mamiriro ezvinhu matsva. Somuenzaniso, girazi kabhu uye kabhu Amur mu michinjikwa ikabereka mwana ane mukuru hardiness. Chokwadi chokuti VaNefirimu mafuta rinoungana nokukurumidza kwazvo, saka ivo akashivirira chando nyore zvikuru. Nokuda Kuwedzera kune kutanga chando, kare yekudyidzana kukura uye kusangana zvayo nechekare yabatanidza. Hove-spachiana, kusafanana yakaisvonaka chimiro, angararama kurai reservoirs iri kure kuchamhembe.

Common kabhu VaNefirimu

Most kunakidza ndiye chemasanganiswa kuti kabhu uye crucian kabhu. hove Iri hardier zvikuru uye zvishoma kubatwa nezvirwere kupfuura kabhu, nokukurumidza kukura uye ane chinonaka kwazvo filet, izvo akafanana unhu hove hovea wakachena mhuka.

Zviri kukonzera Goldfish zvinonyatsobatana C kubereka nguva dzimwe hove. Izvi zvinowanzoitika muna May uye June. Panguva ino, hapana kazhinji wechisikigo kuyambuka crucian kabhu. Chete saka kuwana zvitsva siyana vasina runodiwa yepamusoro.

Vakaberekwa kabhu uye kabhu Dnieper kusikirwa nechinangwa maberekero hove iri kusango mupunga, kudzama chiri hadzikwani nokuda vanhuwo kabhu, rurefu musana. Vana nhaka shoma kabhu shure, uye Magariro kwavari muminda yomupunga vaibudirira zvakanaka. Vakaberekwa kabhu uye kabhu vari uyewo mamwe dzakashandisa upenyu kuchamhembe kunzvimbo, sezvo mazai uye furaya vavo nhaka kubva kabhu kuramba yakaderera tembiricha.

Mumaruwa mvura mitumbi nokuda mukuru kuorera ndicho kabhu remasanganiswa. Kazhinji unotsiva kabhu nezvimwe hove.

VaNefirimu vaiva Sturgeon

Very yakakwirira chinhanho vakaratidza chemasanganiswa akaberekwa nokuda Breeders muna 1950 kupfurikidza kuyambutswa pamwe sterlet Sturgeon. About 180 makirogiramu vake uremu akazosvika pashure 10 months.

Beluga, ari kupfuura nehove Sturgeon, Sturgeon uye sei duku dzikabereka dzinowanika ainzi Bester. Kuva zviri muviri mamiriro uye uremu hove Sturgeon chemasanganiswa inogona kukura zvikuru zvinobudirira yakachena mumvura. Kokutanga marudzi ino rave kuwanikwa muna Russia muna 1952 uye yakatanga kufamba muna Proletarian Reservoir uye Gungwa Azov. Bester akamuka zhinji zvakanakisisa unhu beluga uye sterlet kubva nhaka zvinonaka chaizvo uye zvinovaka nyama. By zera matatu, chemasanganiswa ichi kunosvika kurema 3 makirogiramu.

Vazhinji dura, apo zvishoma nezvishoma kukurukurirana Sturgeon dzemarudzi anyangarika, rutendo hybridization akatambira itsva muchimiro hove pedyo vachiyambuka Spike uye stellate Sturgeon. spachiana ichi yairema kusvika makirogiramu 30 dzinokura nokukurumidza zvikuru kudarika vabereki siyana. mhuka duku chete kushinga kwazvo zvimwe zvose Sturgeon marudzi. Nhasi, ichi hove-chemasanganiswa pamusoro pakati Volga dzabudapo zhinji Fisheries.

Terms Sturgeon hybridization

Nokuti anobudirira kurimwa Sturgeon VaNefirimu hunodiwa kuti zvinoenderana zvimwe ezvinhu. hove idzi havadi mvura shoma, saka udzamu anofanira kuva rinokosha. Zvinofanira kuva mumvura zvinomera zvakawanda, kunyanya zvisingadiwi filaria, izvo dzimwe nguva vashoma madziva sezvo hove vanogona kuva angapingirishwa mariri. Madziva vane madhaka ea hazvisi yakakodzera Sturgeon, nokuti kazhinji zvokudya kune pasi pevhu.

Kubvisa makwikwi zvokudya, Zvinokurudzirwa ruchikonzera Sturgeon naye herbivorous mhando, zvakadai Somuenzaniso, sezvo sirivha kabhu uye uswa kabhu. Hove-spachiana zvinofanira kuparadzirwa pasi mvura miviri, kufungisisa kukura uye zera, nekuti kazhinji kudya vaduku specimens vakura.

hybridization payakaipira

Kukura VaNefirimu kunoda zvakanaka ezvinhu. Zvishoma yakatsauka kubva izvi zvinodiwa kungaita kuti urema ari nemamiriro yeDehenya kana operculum. With kukwana zvokudya panguva kweMweya nehove madziva pamwe madhaka ea pane urema siyana, uye dzimwe parameters zhinji.

Inokosha ndiyo nzira kuyambuka. Somuenzaniso, apo caviar kabhu nourume kabhu milt, yakawana nemigumisiro yakanaka chemasanganiswa hardiness. Asi kana mhuka dzirambe dzichiberekana ikabereka, kuberekesa kuti mazai kabhu, zvivako izvozvo hazvigoni kuwanwa.