Flora uye Fauna of Lake Baikal

Baikal - ndiyo endemic mvura muviri panyika. mhuka dzaro dzakawanda uye zvinomera regai kuitika kumwe munyika. All mumwe anogona kuverenga anopfuura 2,600 marudzi chezvisikwa. Tinodzidza kuti chinomiririra dziva kasvisto uye fauna of nayo.

muriwo nyika

Muna Baikal ichikura anokosha korari izvo veko vanodana kuti zvomumvura chipanji. In mvura, vane nyoro uye omarara mudenga. In pakati chirimo iri mumvura isina kudzika kuoneka mucous uye fibrous fauna of. The romumhenderekedzo yegungwa nzvimbo Anozvirumbidza dzakasiyana-siyana zvinomera. Izvi relict spruce, stilted miti pamwe pachena midzi, somushonga emisidhari zvemiti inonhuhwirira yemishambangwena chinoshamisira zvitarisiko, akasiyana-siyana lichens, mosses, uye zvakawanda.

Baikal makomo dziri kunyanya akafukidzwa hobvu coniferous dondo. Iye chinomiririrwa emisidhari, larch, spruce, nemipaini, misipuresi Birch miti. Pamapani ichikura the currant pamakwenzi bharisamu poplar, Siberian mhuka erosemary uye vakaderera alder.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti zvinomera yavanopinda siyana chaizvo. Asi regai tikurukure nemiti Lake Baikal, zvinova ndizvo vakawanda vanofarira.

Siberian emisidhari

Siberian misidhari ichikura pamusoro Baikal - ndiwo muti simba. Mairi otonga dhayamita anosvika 1,8 metres uye kukwirira - 40 mamita. Cedar anorarama kusvika hafu yezana remakore, uye pashure pemakore matanhatu anotanga kupa akapfuma kukohwa nzungu. Panguva kuti veko remadunhurirwa chingwa Siberian huni. Rimwe chete hunde inogona vakaungana makirogiramu anopfuura gumi nzungu. Asi zvose gore, nokuti pasikweya ripen mwedzi 14-15 chete.

Kare kugadzirwa kubva nzungu mukaka, anovava ruomba, ruomba halvah (pachinzvimbo sunflower). Asi ikozvino Crafts izvi raisafanira kukanganwika. Nhasi, kufarira ndiyo chete manatsi uye zvibereko nedanda romusidhari. Chakasimudzira avhiringidzwa, asi akatsiga kunhuwa ringaita kaza mol kwemakumi emakore.

zvikwenzi

Unique Flora Baikal ndiye erosemary, kana sezvazvakanyorwa kunzi, Dahurian zvikwenzi. Ari sechinhu harbinger remvura Baikal, nokuti Anotumbuka tanga, kana dunhu pasina greenery. Panguva ino, Ledum mavara akanaka ari mumhenderekedzo yegungwa rwokushanyira nyika muna noruvara Pink petals dzaro maruva. Kakawanda, chirimwa ichi nokuumba mumatenhere yose Eastern kuSiberia.

Zvichitevera Ledum anovamba anotumbuka sagaan yakapiwa, zvikwenzi Adams. In vanhu inozivikanwa se "chena bapiro" kana pamiriwo hurefu. chirimwa ichi iri inoshandiswa toning uye anoita itsvo, mwoyo uye uropi. Adams uyewo nomukurumbira zvikwenzi protivopohmelnym maturo. The kapu yetii iri kuwedzera mashizha zvinopfuura zvishanu ruva. The drink inotengwa ane simba asi zvinofadza.

Unogona kuona vachiita zvikwenzi, mumiririri Baikal kasvisto, dzinomirirwa pamusoro. Zviri nyore kufungidzira runako anovhura kana kuona vachiita mumatenhere yose chirimwa ichi.

thyme

chirimwa ichi chinonziwo Bogorodsk uswa. It inokura inowanzorimwa nomumatondo, matombo mujinga uye akazaruka jecha munzvimbo. Richiparadzirwa munyika Trans-Baikal uye Baikal nharaunda. chirimo zvose zvinofadza ziso rine maruva Pink, zviri pachena zvinoonekwa pamusoro jecha pazvikomo.

Thyme rine inenge imwe muzana zvinokosha anonhuwirira. Naizvozvo, vakasvimha Mash bukira mumaoko ake kunzwa maitiro uye kuramba kunhuwa.

Decoctions uye infusions wemiriwo Bogorodskaya yaishandiswa nevakawanda pakurapa. zvinangwa, kusimbisa zvirwere, kubvisa kushaya hope, huta zvirwere uye kunyange kurebesa upenyu. Achigadzirira munhu medicament kazhinji tora mumwe kana vaviri spoon kuti miriwo yakaomeswa uye mumwe zana milliliters mvura iri kufashaira. Mashameni vaishandisawo zvinobudirira Baikal kasvisto, nokuti tsika yokuzvinatsa mumoto chete kwekushinywa thyme.

ramson

Ramson chinokura muna zvinenge zvose okukurukura Lake Baikal. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo anoumba inokosha zvikuru makwenzi.

Tanga kuungana uye kutengesa Maruva ichi muna May uye June. Panguva ino, mashizha uye pemashanga vachiri vatete uye saka manune uye munyoro. Cheremsha rinofarirwa kushanda mukubika. Rinoshandiswa pachinzvimbo mitema hanyanisi, asi Rinofembedza akafanana negariki. Uyewo, uswa inowedzerwa salads, nyama ndiro, pai mumakomba uye acharungwa zvakafanana sauerkraut.

Rhodiola rosea

Zvichida, vose veko munoziva mumiririri nemiti Lake Baikal ane ehupfumi kuti ginseng. It Rhodiola rosea, kana Golden Root, sezvazvakanyorwa kunzi. Anotumbuka muna June-July, anenge mhiri Baikal iri pamaware neyemitenusirwa, matombo uye crevices dzamakomo.

Chirimwa iri zvakakwana kunobvisa kuneta uye kunomutsa zvose kwemasayendisiti mumuviri. For kuchirapa zvinangwa, kungoshandisa rhizomes vari kumorwa munguva maruva nguva. Kuchera chikuru specimens vari kucheneswa, akagura nokuoma mumumvuri. Pashure doro-vakagadzirira mvura mushoma. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti uone kuti midzi yendarama midzi mumwe wapo anogona kuitwa makore gumi nerimwe chete.

cowberry

Very vafumi chicherwa uye somushonga Maruva Baikal. musha mumwe dzakakurumbira Mushonga cranberries. Inokura iri Siberian mumasango, kazhinji wezvamatongerwe kuramba makapeti pamusoro batana makwenzi. With goho rakanaka kwenguva maawa mashoma, unogona unganidza yakazara mugomo michero. Ivo ripen muna August uye September.

Lingonberry zvakanaka ive antipyretic uye diaphoretic. Asi naiyewo ndiko kuwedzera kukuru kukurova nyama kana tii muchimiro Jam. Berry zvakakwana mudura shuga, mvura uye gwenya.

Baikal fauna of

The siyana kunaka nemiti uye fauna of kwegungwa haasiyi munhu hanya. Just kutarisa mapikicha kasvisto uye Fauna of Lake Baikal, apo vagari kurarama kunyange zvakawanda zvinoshamisa.

At mudziva musha dzakasiyana chipanji, iyo masayendisiti ichangopfuura anonzi kukirasi mhuka. Zviri anoonga basa iri ari mvura inoramba yakajeka. mamiriro akadaro chokuita zvakasiyana-siyana zvikuru hove. Baikal vanowanikwa cod, Sturgeon, Sarimoni, Catfish uye kabhu marudzi, uyewo cisco, golomyanka, grayling, knot, Pike uye whitefish. Asi zvikuru nomukurumbira uye nevakawanda endemic mudziva anganzi chisimbiso.

Masango vari kumusha kuSiberia mhuka samapere, mapere, makava, hares uye sables. Uyewo, vashanyi vari munzira kusangana Ferret, wolverine, ermine, day of marmot, tsindi, Elk Stony tarbagan, mhuka musii, tsvuku nondo uye netsoma.

On Baikal Mugove mhuka zvakasiyana, asi funga chete anonakidza zvikuru fauna of.

omul

Cisco ndeimwe zhinji ezvokutengeserana mhando Baikal. hove ichi hachisi chikuru (kusvika makirogiramu mashanu uye kureba mashanu masendimita). Asi mudziva iri musha kuti subspecies kuti endemic. Total akawana vanhu mana: North Baikal, Selenga, ambassadorial uye Chivyrkuisky cisco.

Nhasi, gungwa, nemiti uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka iri siyana zvikuru, nyanzvi pamusana vanenge makumi matatu nezviuru vanoenda hove idzi. In tichienzanisa apfuura vanogara kwavo kuwedzera zvishoma. Cisco anogara asina kupfuura kota remakore. Rinodya benthic invertebrates, crustaceans nevamwe vechiduku hove. Baikal subspecies aikoshesa nokuda kwayo yakasiyana uye kusimba kuravira wakawanda.

golomyanka

Kudeuka hove Lake Baikal anogona kunzi golomyanka. Its zvachose biomass uye nhamba iri kaviri kupfuura mune dzimwe mhuka. Sezvineiwo, golomyanka anoberekwa kurarama vaduku pane mazai, sezvinoita vamwe. Akadaro nzira maberekero asisiri asangana hapana anozivikanwa hove munyika.

Uyewo inotifungisa muviri golomyanka. Zviri hafu mafuta uye saka translucent. Kuburikidza chikamu muswe rimwe chiitiko guru, unogona kuverenga chinyorwa akanyorwa nemabhii makuru.

Golomyanka anogara zvachose pakadzika, uye nechepasi, uye pamusoro pemvura. Saka, zviri zvakafanana takaendeswa mvura mbiru. hove Iri kwainyanya zvokudya chezvisimbiso, riri inonakidza, uyewo mamwe endemic kasvisto uye Fauna of Lake Baikal.

chidhindo

The Baikal mucherechedzo ndiyo chisimbiso chete munyika anogara mvura yakachena. Akaipetenura kumativi mugungwa, asi kunyanya yaro nechepakati uye kuchamhembe nhengo. To musi, nyanzvi pamusana vanenge zana zviuru misoro nemicherechedzo. Vanoyera 50-130 makirogiramu uye kureba muviri specimens kupfuura dzisvike anenge maviri mamita. zvisimbiso izvi kurarama makore 55, uye zvokudya golomyanka Baikal gobies.

Uyu ane ushamwari chaizvo, dzinonakidza uye nyore kurovedza mhuka. Zvisimbiso kazhinji vashambire kusvika ngarava uye kukukurwa kwenguva refu dziri pedyo. Zvinoshamisa, nemicherechedzo izvi vakadzidza sei kufema pasi aizi kuburikidza makomba mhepo. Forepaws ivo kubvarura hole dhayamita imwe vaviri mamita. Uyezve, mhuka nguva nenguva inobvisa nacho chando kuchengeta ukuru. Asi ichi ndicho chikuru makomba mhepo, uye vakapararira mamwe matsime kumativi duku.

Seal ndiyo pamusoro ngetani zvokudya mararamiro kweLake Baikal. The chete ngozi munhu wake. Kunze kwemutemo pakuurayana muduku pamwe chena mbava iro zvikuru muna madenderedzwa dzavo.

Barguzin Sable

Iyi mhuka kunozivikanwa rinowanikwa kwete chete pamusoro pegungwa, asi yose taiga weRussia. Sobol akadana nyoro goridhe, nokuti ane yakanaka, Zvinokosha zvakaisvonaka, uye saka zvinodhura mbava. A Barguzin tarisa kunokwana pazvakanga matehwe kazhinji vaitirei Boon kuna Auktionen. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, mhuka dzinenge vakava yakatotsakatika panguva yaitonga Soviet Union, kana vakatanga kuparadza rakasiyana kasvisto uye Fauna of Lake Baikal.

Sable haasi mhuka pakukura, muviri urefu rinosvika anenge maviri netsoka. Asi iye dvadtsatisantimetrovy fluffy uye akanaka muswe. Anoda kurarama romusidhari, okumusoro kunosvika pamusoro pehova gomo, nomumatenhere, uye pakati ibwe placers. High basa Sable anoratidza manheru uye mangwanani, panguva imwe kuvhima.

Shiri nyanza Baikal

Pedyo Lake Baikal vagere zvakajairika dondo shiri, uye gungwa pacharwo nokuda kwokuwanda zvokudya dzinokwezva pemvura anglers. Vakawanda-siyana duck kuti vanoda kuungana pamusoro mvura huru ezvipfuwo. The chitsuwa matombo iri dzine vanhu vakawanda vane seagulls uye pamusoro rakavhurika mumaruwa kubhururuka dema cormorants. Pamahombekombe ari kashoma kuona swans, screamers, shiri, dema-throated dhaivha uye ndachena musoro herons.

Special kuremekedza kubva veko ndivo makondo. On Baikal wavo anogara zvirimwa zvinomwe. It Pallas kwakaita Fish Eagle, White-tailed makondo, inowanzorimwa makondo, makondo dwarfs, gondo guru mavara, endarama makondo, uye kuvigwa. kusiyana kwakadaro vakawana kumwe Asia.

Saka, zvaionekwa zvishoma nemiti uye Fauna of Lake Baikal. Zvino kuti munoziva nemhuka uye zvinomera zvinowanika ichi nzvimbo yakanaka.