Engine simba - munhoroondo uye mazano anoshanda

With veMubatanidzwa dzomunyika injini pamberi mubvunzo akasimuka vagadziri sezvo kuwedzera injini simba. Injini vokutanga vakasikwa kwazvo rinopikira ramangwana rakaita. Zvinenge zvikamu zvose zvaiva simbi kana simbi, kugadzira nzira ponderous, inert uye pfupi. Somuenzaniso, pakati pezana remakore rechi20 motokari injini unobereka 100 horsepower kuremerwa vanoda kusvika hafu tani. Enzanisa simba rakafanana motokari ano injini anoyera makirogiramu asingasviki 150.

Kuti uite izvi, vagadziri achinyanya hwakavandudzika zvokuimba injini chazvo: kunhonga zvinhu, alloys, akakudziridza uye rakatangwa zvokugadzira zvinhu utsanzi, izvo vaumbe kutema-kumucheto simbi uye kemisitiri. Somuenzaniso, kushandiswa aruminiyamu pistons aigona kuwedzera injini nesimba zvinopfuura 20 muzana nokuderedza kwayo uremu uye kukweshera simba. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti aruminiyamu wakachena muchimiro iri motokari isina kushandiswa, uye kushandisa alloys dzaro magnesium, nesilicon, manganese uye chromium.

Kunatsiridzwa kuti mafuta uye kuvesa enyika uyewo substantially hwakavandudzika simba pamusoro injini. Carburetors dzinongobuda kuchinja mhando ichiyangarara, izvo pakutanga vakanga vasina yokuvata, ipapo multi-yokuvata. Zvino ichikosha majekiseni hurongwa kuti vanobva kure zvokuimba monoinzhektorov kuti multipoint ano zvakananga jekiseni enyika.

Munzira, nani uye kuvesa gadziriro: kubva nyore yemagetsi interrupter kune microprocessors. Hapana ano injini hakusi pasina zvemagetsi kudzora hurongwa kuti kufungawo ose parameters pamusoro kushanda injini - tembiricha uye arambe achirema dzedenga, motokari kumhanya, throttle chinzvimbo, crankshaft, camshaft, makemikari anoumba chiutsi magasi, etc. Somugumisiro, electronic mashoko kubudiswa hurongwa anosarudza mashoko Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri huwandu huni kuti kusvitsa kune injini, uye nguva kuvesa peturu-mhepo nezvakasanganiswa. Saka zviri kubudirira zvikuru vakarongeka kushanda ari peturu injini.

Kuwedzera simba Diesel injini kakawanda kubudirira kuburikidza nokushandisa imwe turbocharger, iyo pumps mukuru Vhoriyamu mhepo kupinda humburumbira zvichikonzerwa nesimba chiutsi magasi. Uyewo, kuvandudza mafuta combustion kunyatsoshanda yazvino Diesel injini inoshandiswa hurongwa «Common Rail».

Pane nzira dzakawanda kumanikidza goho riri womukati injini. Asi hatifaniri kukanganwa kuti kupindira mune injini design - zviri nani kwakatooma uye nguva muitiro, asi inodhura kwazvo kwete chete. Tinoda mukuru-zvakarurama muchina maturusi inokosha alloys uye zvinhu. Zviri pachena, kwete vatyairi vose vachakwanisa kupedza pamusoro rikurumidze injini mari akafanana nehafu kukosha motokari.

Chii chingaitwa kuti injini simba ndaigara panzvimbo yakakwirira?

Chokutanga, unofanira kuongorora kuti zvose fekitari Kurongwa vaiva chakaipa. Mafuta, iro rinoshandiswa muinjini kunofanira kuenderana viscosity uye zvinodiwa.

Kuderedza Nokurasikirwa mumhepo yaunodya inokurudzirwa kushandisa Sefa pamusoro razero nemishonga - inonzi saka "yangu yakanakisisa" - zvakanaka, pane zvino vakasarudzwa filters hombe. Vanogona akasiyana chimiro, ukuru, nzira Kuda kutamba, zvavakabvumirana injini vhoriyamu. Nokuti chokuti Sefa vagadziri vane adapters nokuti inonyanya injini mifananidzo, kugadzwa kuva Sefa kwakadaro haatarisiri chinokosha nesimba uye mari.

Inosimudzira gwenya simba inobvawo pane chiutsi hurongwa upgrading. Yeuka kuti kana motokari yako haisi rakapedzwa hurongwa, zvakanaka kuenda pabasa yemapurisa, iro dzidzira mu chiutsi enyika.