EGP South Africa: tsananguro, unhu, chikuru zvinhu uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

South Africa ndiyo imwe vakapfuma nyika Africa. Chine chinyakare uye ano, uye nenzvimbo imwe guru - vatatu. Nyaya inotevera inotsanangura kuti EGP South Africa, jogirafi uye zvinhu izvi zvinoshamisa mamiriro.

tsananguro

A mamiriro anozivikanwa munyika sezvo South Africa, vanhu vepo inoshandiswa kuzodana Azan. Zita iri vakasvika pamazuva panguva iyoyo policies uye akashandisa zvemo African nevamwe yaitonga nzira. Kuwedzera National kutumidza, pane 11 pamutemo nyika mazita, izvo chokuita zvakasiyana-siyana ehurumende mitauro.

EGP South Africa ndiyo zvakawanda zvakanaka kupfuura dzimwe nyika dzakawanda dziri kondinendi. Ndicho chete nyika African ndicho chikamu chikuru maviri. Vanouya pano nokuda mangoda uye nefemero. Mumwe nomumwe vapfumbamwe mapurovhinzi South Africa ine nzvimbo yayo, dzinongoitika zvakatipoteredza uye dzinza sezvamunoita, izvo chinokwezva guru nhamba zvevashanyi. Nyika ine gumi National Parks uye vakawanda plesieroorde.

Kuvapo matatu misoro, zvichida, anowedzera kusiyana South Africa. Vari akakamurwa pakati-siyana hurumende masangano. Pretoria ndiyo hurumende yacho, saka guta riri kuonekwa pakutanga guru. Matare, anomirirwa Supreme Court riri Bloemfontein. In Cape Town, ndiwo Paramende chivakwa.

EGP South Africa: zvishoma

Hurumende iri muna Southern Africa, kumuganhu Indian uye kuAtlantic mumakungwa. Kuchamhembe-kumabvazuva vavakidzani South Africa vari Mozambique uye Swaziland, kuchamhembe - Namibia kuti kuchamhembe muganhu nyika anogoverana Botswana uye Zimbabwe. Near Drakensberg Mountains iri Enclave Lesotho Kingdom.

By nharaunda (1,221,912 sq. Km) ndiro SAR 24 munyika. Kukura zviri nani kupfuura muUK anenge kashanu. Characteristics EGP South Africa haana kuva kwakakwana pasina rondedzero nemhenderekedzo, zvachose kureba 2798? Km. Makomo pemhenderekedzo nyika haina dissected zvikuru. In nechokumabvazuva apo panopinda ndiye St. Helina uye Cape of Good Hope. Kunewo bays uye coves St. Francis, Falsbey, Algoa, Walker, muimba yokudyira. Cape Agulhas ndiye Kumaodzanyemba pfungwa yacho.

Wide kuwana nyanza maviri inoita basa rinokosha South Africa EGP. Mhenderekedzo yacho mamiriro vari gungwa nzira dzokutengeserana kubva Europe South-East Asia uye kuFar East.

nyaya

EGP South Africa haana yagara zvakafanana. On kuchinja ayo zvinokanganisa siyana nhoroondo zviitiko hurumende. Kunyange zvazvo misha vokutanga akazviratidza pano pakutanga munguva yedu, rinonyatsooneka shanduko South Africa EGP munguva kwakaitika kubva XVII kuna XX remakore.

The European vakawanda, anomiririrwa Dutch, vokuGermany uye French Huguenots, akatanga kugara munharaunda Republic of South Africa muna 1650s. Izvi zvisati zvaitika, idzi dzeChirungu dzaiva akararama Coy mari, Bushmen, uye vamwe. The vasvike colonists kwakaita kuti akatevedzana murwi pamwe vomunzvimbo.

Sezvo 1795 huru colonizer anova UK. Hurumende yeBritain kusandudzira Boers (Dutch varimi) muna Free State uye Transvaal ruwa, abolishes uranda. Muzana XIX remakore pokutangira hondo pakati Boers uye British.

Muna 1910 nayo akasika Union of South Africa sezvo chikamu British nyuchi. Muna 1948, National Party (Boer) kunoita sarudzo uye anogadza rusaruraganda hurumende, iyo anokamura vanhu kupinda vatema uye chena. Rusaruraganda kuwana dema vakawanda zvinenge zvose kodzero, kunyange citizenship. Muna 1961 nyika yakava yakazvimirira Republic of South Africa uye pakupedzisira kubvisa rusaruraganda hwechiKomonisiti.

uwandu hwevanhu

Mune Republic of South Africa ndiyo musha vanhu vanenge mamiriyoni 52. EGP South Africa zvikuru kudivi Zvinoumba vemo. Rayo nzvimbo uye nomupfumi zviwanikwa mundima wehurumende akakwezva vokuEurope.

Zvino South Africa anoda kusvika 10% vemo vari dzinza chena vokuEurope - Africa uye Anglo-Africans, vari vazukuru colonialist kugara. Negroid rudzi vari Zulu, Tsonga, Sotho, Tswana, Xhosa. Vari kuda 80%, dzasara 10% - mulattos, maIndia uye vokuAsia. Most Indian vazukuru vashandi vakauya kuna Africa kukura shamhu.

Population Vanobvuma zvitendero zvakasiyana. Vazhinji vanogara vari vaKristu. Ivo vanotsigira chechi Zionist, Pentekosti, Dutch vanochinja, vaKaturike, maMethodist. Vanenge 15% ndivo havatendi kuti Mwari ariko, chete 1% - vaMuslim.

11 mitauro pamutemo mabasa munyika. Chinonyanya akakurumbira pakati pavo vari Chirungu uye Afrikaans. : Male kuverenga ndiko 87%, vakadzi - 85,5%. Munyika yacho izvozvo anopindura nzvimbo 143rd tichitaura dzidzo.

Natural ezvinhu uye zviwanikwa

Mune Republic of South Africa akauya marudzi ose akasiyana nharaunda uye mamiriro okunze zones: kubva subtropical kusvika mugwenga. Drakensberg Mountains, riri nechokumabvazuva, kutamira zvakanaka kupinda rwenze. Pano inokura monsoon uye masango subtropical. In rwezasi ndivo Mountains Cape. On the Atlantic pamhenderekedzo ndiye Desert Namib, achitevedza kuchamhembe pemhenderekedzo Orange River rinopfuurira of Kalahari Desert.

Munyika pane zvinokosha matura chicherwa mari. Pano zvangu goridhe, zirconium, chromite, mangoda. In South Africa, muri reserves esimbi, Platinum uye uranium exchange ores, phosphorites, marasha. Kune deposits pamusoro zingi, tini, mhangura, uye mashoma nesimbi zvakadai titanium, namavara akanaka, uye vanadium.

upfumi

Features EGP South Africa rava chinhu chinokosha nokuda kukura National upfumi. 80% kuti simbi zvigadzirwa anobudiswa pamusoro kondinendi, 60% zvinobva mugodhi indasitiri. South Africa ndiyo yakatanga nyika pamusoro kondinendi, pasinei neizvi, urovha mwero iri 23%.

Vazhinji vanogara Anoshanda mukushandira zvekutepfenyura. The maindasitiri kwemauto vanenge 25% yevanhu, 10% ndiyo kurima. South Africa ine tsime kunyatsobudirira dzemari kwemauto, foni, magetsi. Pane vanu matura zviwanikwa, zvakanakisisa dzakabudirira mugodhi uye aina marasha.

Pakati huru sectors zvokurima ndiyo zvipfuwo (ruminant mhou, mbudzi, makwai, yehuku, mombe), viticulture, miti, Fisheries (hake, gungwa Bass, bakayawu, mokrel, mackerel, cod, etc.), Crop. Republic kunze kwenyika zvinopfuura 140 siyana emichero nemiriwo.

Huru zvokutengeserana vadyidzani vari China, the US, Germany, Britain, Netherlands, India uye Switzerland. Pakati African zvoupfumi vadyidzani - Mozambique, Nigeria uye Zimbabwe.

The nyika ine tsime kunyatsobudirira kwezvinhu, kuisa wakakodzera mutero mutemo, budiriro rwezvemabhengi uye inishuwarenzi basa.

dzinonakidza zvinhu

• Nyika yokutanga akabudirira mwoyo nokuisazve kuCape Town akaita chiremba Christiaan Barnard muna 1967.
• Kudeuka bheseni munyika dziri Vaal River muSouth Africa. Rakanga inoumbwa kudonhedzera munhu yakakura meteorite.
• Cullinan nedhaimani yairema 621 d chakawanikwa 1905 mumigodhi South African. Ndiye guru panyika chiwanikwa.

• Ndicho chete African nyika kuti haisi Third World ari.
• Rakanga pano yokutanga nguva akawana peturu kubva marasha.
• On nharaunda yacho inokura vanenge 18 000 chizvarwa zvinomera uye musha 900 eshiri.
• South Africa ndiyo nyika yekutanga kuti nokuzvidira zvasiya zvombo zvenyukireya iripo.
• Nhamba huru zvisaririra iri muna South African Karoo nharaunda.

mhedziso

The chikuru zviri EGP South Africa - chitsidzo ndima, navanopinda nzira yokubudisa kuna yomugungwa, nzvimbo rakatevera kugungwa nzira unobva Europe pamwe Asia uye kuFar East. Vazhinji vanogaramo vanoshanda mukushandira zvekutepfenyura. Nokuda huru matura zviwanikwa zviri South African mugodhi indasitiri kunokudziridzwa zvakanaka. The ndimo 5 chete% kuti chavagari Africa, Zvisinei, chinonyanya dzakabudirira nyika pamusoro kondinendi. Nokuda kwayo ezvinhu mune zvoupfumi, South Africa anotora achigona munyika.