Duck shelduck Species tsananguro uye pikicha

Shelduck dhadha ndechimwe chezvinhu mavara vamiririri vemhuri duck nokuda maitiro achisiyanisa plumage ruvara. shiri iyi ine zvimwe rakasiyana zvinhu mamirire shiri uye swans. Pakutanga akanga "vatora" ruremekedzo pasi uye mudenga shelduck - Dhadha, riri nyore, kutsanya uye yakawanda anotama panyika uye mudenga rwokuchengeta kururamiswa, kubhururuka zvishoma uye kashoma ichibhabhamisa mapapiro ayo akafanana shiri. Pamwechete swans sezvakanga rinobatanidza monogamy kuwaniswa; varume nevakadzi pave nokubatana simba kuti upenyu.

Description dhadha shelduck

Uyu kumbonyanya guru mvura shiri ine nevamwe inopenya plumage. Kureba nhunzvi anosvika 58 cm varume - 65 cm uye kukura kwebasa azvo siyana 110 kusvika 130 masendimita nehama dzavo Miti iyi akasiyana elongated mutsipa uye makumbo marefu .. Weight ndiyo 0,9-1,65 munhurume makirogiramu, female - 0.6-1.3 makirogiramu.

Sezvinogona kuoneka mune photo, Dhadha shelduck Dhadha yakasiyana nemamwe variegated, kusanganisira mavara akawanda yakajeka. Total chena kumashure plumage zvakajeka achisiyanisa pamwe inopenya rikasviba rwegirini tint Ruvara musoro, mutsipa, kumagumo mapapiro uye pakati mudumbu uye shure. Wakajeka nechitarisiko shiri iyi kupa yakatsvukuruka-Chestnut nebhanhire kufukidza mubhokisi, pamafudzi mashizha uye shure, uyewo Ginger podhvoste, makumbo Pink uye tsvuku muromo.

The maitiro zviri avarume openya mitema girazi pamapapiro uye pineal outgrowth zvakafanana ruvara sezvo muromo, aishongedza yokumusoro mandible. In vakadzi, minhenga akapoteredza meso chena.

dzinogarisana

The Red Book Dhadha shelduck akapinda kwenguva yakati, sezvo vagari vemo rave kuramba kuderera. Zvichienderana zvakatipoteredza ezvinhu, shiri idzi dziri rakakamurwa subgroups maviri. Mumwe wavo vagere wakawanda uye brackish mvura zvinyorwa akaoma kumatunhu Central Asia, wechipiri - nepagungwa Europe. In Russia iri mhando kunogona kuwanikwa inowanzorimwa uye masango-inowanzorimwa mapazi zasi, uyewo pazvitsuwa Gungwa White.

Pazuva nesting nzvimbo shiri idzi anosvika mangwanani yechirimo. Mudziyo nokuti jacks ramangwana vanosarudzwa kubva mvura manyuko brackish kana munyu mvura anoda pedyo ibwe talus kana jecha Dunes.

kubereka

Kuyaruka ari munhurume duck peganok anouya makore 4-5 zera, asi mano vakadzi mazai anouya kaviri pamberi. Kuberekesana mwaka shiri idzi hunotanga pamusoro vasvika panguva nesting nzvimbo, uye vana anongowanika yezhizha. The vanokwanisa "mwenga" rinogona kuva zvose "hanya" 9 "suitors". Munguva kupira, vanhurume emit dzakakwirira squeaky ruzha, kondo mitsipa yavo, uye Unogutsurira musoro uchiti misoro yavo vakakotama. Marriage vezvehondo chinjana pamwe kurwa pakati vakwikwidzi. A hadzi anowana kupfuura simba uye zvehondo munhurume uyo akakunda ari machisi asara Vakwikwidzi.

Wezvamatongerwe peya shiri enda kunotsvaka nesting nzvimbo, iyo inogona yaiva chinhambwe yakakwana kubva kumhenderekedzo. Sezvo shelduck matendere kunowanzoitwa kushandiswa muchanza miti akwegura kana vakasununguka mumwena mhuka dzakasiyana-siyana: chamatebwe, marmots, makava, Korsakov, asi anogona pachavo kuchera runako yakadzika pevhu dzose. Dzimwe nguva Vakaroorana kushongedzera rakazaruka dendere rakapetana zvinomera.

The hadzi Mitsetse pasi mugomba pasi, uswa, uye ipapo ndipo pavigwa mazai. Avhareji batira ine mazai 8-12, asi dzimwe nguva nhamba yavo inogona kusvika kusvika zvidimbu 18. Nguva nenguva aparadzana dendere, Dhadha mazai pasi cover. Mumakore okupedzisira maviri asati kako huku kubva kumusha anobva. incubation nguva chinogara avhareji mazuva 30, munguva drakes kurarama pedyo dendere, anochengetedza "mukadzi" wake, uye ramangwana vana pazvikara.

Kugadzirwa kako

Ducklings vanoberekerwa munhenga "jasi" uye chava kwakakwana. Ndivo zvinenge pakarepo akabuda dendere uye kumhanya zvakanaka. Muchiitiko chino, kana imba wakaiswa yakakwirira, manyana vasingatyi kusvetukira pasi. Nokuti zvokudya vabereki kutungamirira vana vavo kuti pamhenderekedzo mudhamu. Vana vakawanda kufamba anoyevedza chinhambwe kubva dendere kusvika kumahombekombe.

Munguva rwendo kune dziva Dhadha riri mberi kako uye Drake - parutivi kana rwemberi mbiru, achidzivirira mhuri yake.

Dzimwe nguva, pamahombekombe wevana vaviri vaviri anoverengeka kukabatanidzwa mune zvipfuyo, mukusika kuti "kindergartens" mutsa, akadzivirira nevabereki vavo, madzibaba, pakati iyo nguva nenguva kuputika kurwisana nekuda vachishingaira mabasa nevanozvitsigira. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, Kumukundi pamusoro Unobudisa wandei zvokudya nzvimbo akakurira vanhurume vachabatana unogarira dzavo manyana.

vhiki nhanhatu pazera duku upenyu pedyo dendere mutaviridziro vabereki vavo, kunyange Drake anosiya mabasa ake yemadzibaba pamberi Dhadha. At 7-8 mavhiki pashure kuzvarwa ducklings kusiya imba uye kutanga chinozvimirira.

kudya peganok

The mutinhimira woupenyu uye "Muterere" Dhadha shelduck nemhaka dzinogarisana zvinhu. shiri iyi swims zvakanaka, vachibatirira hunde kumusoro mumvura. Kana mitambo yomumvura, ipapo unyanzvi iyi kugadzirwa kwezvokudya mhando iyi Dhadha haisi kuita.

peganok zvokudya ine kunonyanya zvomugungwa. Munguva naTidhari dhadha zororo pamhenderekedzo kana mumvura, uye pashure vavimbezve kupinda mumvura isina kudzika, vachivhima crustaceans uye molluscs. Mukuwedzera, shiri Tidzidze algae, earthworms, mazai uye furaya hove, hwemvura zvipembenene nedzimwe mhuka.

Kuwedzera zvomugungwa, shelduck uye kudya zvakasiyana siyana tupukanana vanogara panyika, uye vegetative mabukira, uye mbeu zvimwe zvirimwa. Freshwater "Muterere" shiri idzi havadi izvozvo, saka anenge regai dendere pedyo Freshwater zvinyorwa.

Somuenzaniso, kuchamhembe Atlantic kwemhenderekedzo zvataidya peganok 90% chinosanganisira duku intertidal hozhwa Hydrobia ulvae, nemhenderekedzo ari Azov uye Black Seas uye Asian mvura, duck izvi uchidzidza crustaceans uye mazana ose Artemia-tolkuntsov umhutu.

Shanduko plumage

molting kwacho peganok munhurume rinotanga nokukurumidza kupfuura vakadzi. Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, mashoko drakes vanosiya vana vavo vasati "mukadzi" zvavo, nekuti ivo vane nguva kuchinja plumage, panguva iyo havana kukwanisa kubhururuka. Vanhurume nokuunganidza zvipfuyo kukuru yegungwa. Majaya kuruoko bapiro Molt kunotanga vakadzi, zvakanga pakarepo vasiyana hono muvanhu.

Kana muitiro apedzerana dzinofamba plumage, shiri mukuru vachiri kuramba vachirarama packs it, izvo vechiduku kukasawedzerwa. Colonial mararamiro shelduck achitungamirira yekubva.

vavengi shelduck

Musango, shiri idzi vavengi gava, mink, makava, mhuka katsi, otters, hawks, harriers uye kites. zvikara izvi kune ngozi kwete chete nokuti muduku asiwo shiri mukuru. Asi mazai uye vechiduku kako havasi averse kudya kunyange rarira uye gulls.

The rokutengesa Kukosha shelduck

Kuva zvemariro dzeshiri, shelduck kwagara Vakaronda, kunyange asina kuva mukanyiwa pfungwa mutambo. To musi, kunovhima ichi shiri iri zvaisambobvumirwa, nekuti mamwe marudzi vari pamahombekombe kutsakatika. Munhuwo shelduck kukwanisa dzinoberekera muutapwa, saka yakura sechinhu Sora shiri kuti kushongedzwa Park madziva.

Mune dzimwe nyika dzokuEurope muitiro nekunhonga anopinza kubva Dhadha matendere, nokuti unhu rayo harisi muduku Eider minhenga. Kana muviri kukosha nyama yomusango shelduck, zhizha kushanda inedible nokuti ane nani hachifadzi zvakanaka. Pakatanga kuchitonhora unhu iri nani, asi ichiri kunzi kukodzera rinodyiwa nevanhu muEurope.

Varimi, Breeders shiri iyi muutapwa, kana akaiuraya zvokudya, ndiko chete muchando. Panyaya iyi, pamberi mubiki Dhadha shelduck, izvozvo gutted uye akasiyiwa kuchitonhora kuti pezvizuva, nyama "akakura" uye kuderedza kwakanaka kwayo.

Kupisa vabatwe ichi mhando duck akaita dzakashandiswa zvimwe yemhuka, i.e. nokuda chakabikwa, achibika, roasting kana richipedza. Saka, sei kugadzirira Dhadha shelduck, mumwe afunga kuti pacharo, kwakavakirwa zvavo pachavo kuravira zvatinofarira. Asi, pasinei aiitwa, zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti nyama yaro "kwete ushamwari" neruzhinji nezvinonhuhwira, kunze nhema mhiripiri uye munyu, saka yokuzvionera vaine zvakasiyana zvinonhuwira hakusi zvakakodzera.