Definition of kudiwa: basa uye pfungwa

In kuwedzera makwikwi kukosha kudiwa, ona saizi yayo uye Zvaifungidzirwa ndivo mipiro inokosha kubudirira chero kambani kupa rubatsiro uye nenhumbi kutengeswa. Marketing kudiwa - chikuru chinoratidza kumusika. Ndiye chinhu kudzidza zvachose, maumbirwo, cherechedzo. We nezvoUmambo musimboti musika ichi chinoshamisa, pamusoro iyo pari kusarudza ikoko kudiwa, sei kuumbwa uye chii zvinoita sei izvozvo.

Pfungwa kudiwa

In chinonyanya Kazhinji chimiro tsanangudzo kudiwa ipfupi kuti uwandu kwenhumbi kana mabasa, izvo mutengi akagadzirira zvaparadzwa chaiyo nguva panguva yamunenge mutengo. Consumer kudiwa chinonyanya kukosha cho kumusika, nguva dzose kwakavakirwa zvinodiwa nevanhu. Kana pasina kudiwa, ipapo hapazovi kutengesa kana dura uye nokudaro hakuzovi musika ukama. Vanotenga simba anogara anotaurwa mari nemashoko. Kutsunga kudiwa - ari kushanda mutengi, chete ndiye achasarudza kana akagadzirira kutenga chigadzirwa kana basa panguva nemutengo kupiwa. Nezvokumutswa akasiyana-siyana uye misika zvinodiwa nevanhu, pane zvakawanda zvinoita kuti itibatsire kudiwa chacho kukura uye pamusoro paumbwe uye akasunungura marudzi akawanda chiitiko ichi.

Bhuku kudiwa

Producers nhumbi kana mabasa, telemarketers vanofanira kunzwisisa sei zvakawanda yayo firimu zviumbu vanogona kuona dzingangoitika. Naizvozvo, kutsunga bhuku kudiwa zvakanyanya kukosha kuti yekuronga kugadzirwa uye okutengesa utariri. Padanho kudiwa - nhamba zvimwe zvigadzirwa panguva yakati mutengo, mutengi zviri agadzirira kutenga imwe nguva. On rokutengesa zvinokonzerwa zvinhu zvizhinji zvakadai kumusika uye nevatengi hunhu.

mhando kudiwa

Pane nzira dzakawanda nayo patsanura kwokudiwa zvinhu kana mabasa. Tsanangudzo kudiwa rokutanga chokuita mutengi vavariro. Muchiitiko ichi emit akatsiga, zvakaoma, kuchinja zvakasimba zvaitwa nemutoo kudiwa. Mutengi ari kufunga kutenga pachine, kuratidza yakaoma zvinodiwa kuti zvizivikanwe, unhu uye mutengo kwenhumbi uye kudzivisa vachiitsiva zvakafanana zvinhu. Kakawanda, kudiwa iri musi zvatinosiita, zuva nezuva zvigadzirwa (chingwa, mukaka), izvo akatenga pane zvimwe zvikamu nenzira yakananga kwazvo. Uyewo, pane imwe nzira kana inoratidza musarudze kana nyoro kudiwa. Iye anotofanira yakasiyana zvikonzero achitandadza rokutengesa. Mutengi anosarudza kunotenga pakuverenga mutongo. Somuenzaniso, vanhu kutenga bhutsu, mbatya, zvizorwa. Uye wechitatu mhando kudiwa - aiita zvechivhurumukira. Kana munhu asingadi kuronga kuita kutenga, asi pasi pokudzora chero chinhu anosarudza kutenga zvinhu. Kakawanda, kudiwa ichi Zvakacherechedzwa pamwe kutenga zvinhu zviduku: kutsenga chingamu, chocolate.

Maererano nenhamba rokutengesa zvinhu oga makrospros uye mikrospros. Wokutanga zvinoshandawo yose vakawanda, uye wechipiri - bedzi rakamanikana vateereri.

Maererano mwero kugutsikana musiyano mhando idzi kudiwa, somunhu chaiye, akaziva uye hadzisi kuzadzika. Wokutanga anoti kune chaidzo zvinodiwa vatengi vari chigadzirwa. Chechipiri - ndiko chaiko kutengeswa kwenhumbi uye mabasa. Third - Ndiko kuwanda zvinhu kuti mutengi vakagamuchira zvishoma nezvikonzero zvakasiyana siyana: kuenderana kuti musanganiswa uye akaitenga zvichemo, kushaya nenhumbi.

Maererano pakukura zvinoitwa govera kukura, yakatsiga uye kushaya kudiwa. Zvingavawo nezuva, nguva nenguva uye episodic. Mhando idzi Munokudzwa maererano Kutenga yatinofema.

By siyana dzidzo kudiwa govera ayo mhuka dzakadai configured, kureva, akasikwa somugumisiro kudzidza kudiwa uye kutsigira zvigadzirwa, vanokwanisa, kureva, kufadza zvinoita kukwanisa kutenga zvinhu nemutengo wakapiwa, zvachose -.... Ko, chaizvoizvo, pamusika vanokwanisa. Pane zvimwe zvikonzero kupatsanura pakati kudiwa.

Zvinhu kukanganisa chinodikanwa

Vhoriyamu zvatengwa haisi haaperi uye anoenderana zvinhu zvakawanda. Nyanzvi ziva zvinotevera mapoka pavo Economic, zvemagariro, wevanotungamirira, enyika uye okunze.

In dzezvoupfumi kumusika kudiwa zvikonzero setsika akakamurwa mutengo uye asiri mutengo. Ngationgororei nyaya iyi zvizere.

The mutengo chinhu kudiwa, tsanangudzo unova nyore kuti chokuita mari basa kana chigadzirwa uye zvakaitwa kuti mutengo kubva mutengi. Income vatengi zvinhu zvose, uye kuti mutengo nenhumbi chinhu chinokonzera mutemo kudiwa. Mutengi anopindura zvachinja nomutengo, kakawanda kunoita kuti zvinoderedza kuwedzera kudiwa. boka iri zvinosanganisira chaiko mutengo nhumbi uye anoenderana zvigadzirwa, uyewo mutengi tarisiro, mupfungwa siyana pavakanzwa mutengo. Kune asiri mutengo zvinhu achifurira kudiwa zvinosanganisira nevatengi zvaunofarira, fashoni, kutenga simba, mari yemakwikwi zvigadzirwa, substitutability yefuma.

Mutemo zvitengeswa uye kudiwa

mutemo uyu unosimbisa ukama pakati pavatatu inokosha zvoupfumi pfungwa: mutengo, kudiwa uye kugoverwa. Zvinokwanisika kuzoumba nyore chimiro ichi: kana paine kudiwa, kuchava dura. Kazhinji, dzakanga dziri kudiwa, chikuru kugoverwa uye, naizvozvo, kuti wakakwidzwa mutengo. Nokuti pakuenzanisa gadziriro dzinofanira kusimbiswa zvakanyatsoenzana pakati yakanaka uye zvomene kudiwa, mutengo zvakakwana uye zvakakwana pfuma. Kutsunga PAKAPERA uye kudiwa, kuwana kwavo Chiyero - chinhu chinokosha basa management. The mugadziri vanofanira kunyatsoongorora kuongorora nokufamba kudiwa uye nevatengi kwomusikirwo mutengo uye zvitengeswa. On nhamba kunotenga mikana uye inopa mbiri zvikuru sei mutemo:

1. Mutemo zvitengeswa. Rinotaura kuti uwandu akabvunza iri inversely ukama mutengo. The yepamusoro mutengo rokushumira kana chigadzirwa, rezasi kwokudiwa kwavari.

2. Mutemo zvitengeswa. Rinotaura kuti mutengo kuwedzera zvakananga inoguma kukura rive. Sezvo kuwedzera mutengo anobvumira mugadziri kuti mari makuru, yava kukwezvwa vakawanda Entrepreneurs iyi musika chidimbu.

Zvisinei, ikawanda wedzerai nguva dzose zvinoratidza vasanyanye kudiwa, sezvo mutengi chete anogona kutenga imwe mari kwenhumbi uye mabasa. Saka, zvakawandisa wedzerai kunotungamirira tikarega mitengo, uye ipapo kugoverwa uye kudiwa mashandiro ari kukonzerwa denderedzwa idzva. The mutengo iyi inzira yokudzora nengaidzo pakati mhando izvi.

elasticity kuti kudiwa

Zvichienderana mitengo, rinobaya mutengi basa vatengi, emit mhando mbiri kudiwa: kwakavharwa nenyama uye non-kwakavharwa nenyama.

Akadana kwakavharwa nenyama kudiwa izvo zvichisiyana pamwe nokufamba vari mitengo nhumbi uye mabasa uye nokufamba mari. Mutengi inonyatsoziva kukosha zvimwe zvinhu uye akagadzirira kurega kutenga zvavo kana mutengo zvakakwirira kana mari kuwa. Saka, tinoona kuti panguva kwoupfumi paanochinja akaderedza kudyiwa hwomutambarakede nhumbi, motokari uye zvichingodaro. N.

Inelastic ukuwo, ndiko kurayira zvakasara zvakafanana kana kuchinja mari uye mitengo nhumbi. Izvi zvinoshanda pamusoro vose zvinokosha zvinhu. Vanhu vachava kutenga zvokudya kunyange kuwedzera mitengo uye kuwa kwaro solvency. Asi hazvingaiti vanhu uchapedza zvakawanda chingwa, kunyange kana mutengo ipfupi kwazvo. The elasticity kuti kudiwa, tsanangudzo iyo rwuripowo yokutengesa basa ibhuku wokutengesa murau. Saka, kana mukuru elasticity ari mutengesi anogona kuwedzera turnover nokuderedza mitengo. The elasticity iri zvakasimba kufurirwa mutongo pane zvakawanda vapemhi kupa zvakafanana zvinhu uye mabasa, zvikuru kwakavharwa nenyama kwokudiwa anova.

tsvakurudzo musika

Kuti tinzwisise kwakakura dzingangoitika kudiwa, kuti mugadziri anofanira kuita tsvakurudzo kuedza. Kazhinji kusiyanisa kudzidza ano kudiwa, izvo kunokanganisa Pfungwa pakati pfupi pamusoro mutengesi uye mugadziri, uye kufembera kwake kuti nokuda mitemo zvisarudzo. Definition of kudiwa kunokosha zvokuvaka urongwa. Taidzidza Fani iyi nenzira dzakasiyana: Statistical, kumusika, zvoupfumi. Nokuti mugadziri, zvakakosha kufungawo zvepfungwa pane mutengi, kunzwisisa zvavanoda uye vane nguva kusangana navo.

pakusikwa kudiwa

Kutsunga kudiwa chigadzirwa kana basa kunoita kuti vave chirongwa waidzora nayo kana zvakakodzera. Anokosha mudziyo wokutengesa utariri mutengo; nayo anocheka uye kuwedzera kunogona kuderedza uye kuwedzera nhamba zvatengwa. Asi mutengo chengetedzo hazvibviri uye kazhinji haana mari zvimwe nguva dzose. Naizvozvo kubatsira ari mugadziri Marketing maturusi, izvi zvinosanganisira: kushambadza, kuvaka uye kuramba mufananidzo nzira dzakasiyana-siyana kuti zviite zvokutengeserana uye post-okutengesa vatengi rutsigiro.

kufungidzira kuti kudiwa

Mumwe mugadziri kunokosha kuona tarisiro ayo budiriro uye kuvapo mumusika. Kudiwa, tsanangudzo chiri chinokosha yekuronga Kutarisira uye - Nde chinangwa chipi mutengesi uye mugadziri. Naizvozvo, zvinokosha kuti zvakanyatsorongwa kuitisa kudzidza inobvira rokutengesa mavhoriyamu, mutengi maitiro uye musika kuchinja, panguva kuchinja Zvaifungidzirwa kuti kupfuura kudiwa. Nokuti kuita nokufembera vachishandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana, izvo rakakamurwa heuristic, Statistical uye zvoupfumi-yakananga.