Chii mutero mamiriro anogona kushandiswa IP: USN, UAT, bvumidzwa OCHO

Nhasi, tiri pamwe kuti kufunga kuti mutero hurongwa mhando anogona kushandisa IP. Uyezve, zvakanaka kuti uyewo kunzwisisa chii chinoitika zvakakunakira akakodzera kuti mabhizimisi achimhanya mabasa avo pachavo. Kazhinji, yezvebhizimisi mubvunzo hwakada kufanana mitero. Zvichienderana basa rako, izvozvo vachabatsirwa imwe kunangiswa. Asi tsika zvinoitika kuti rimwe hurongwa anowanzodanwa kushandiswa. Sei? Chii? All iri. Handifungi kuti izvozvo nyore kusarudza. Uye kuchinja kubva anyatsoita mumwe, saizvozvo sezvo vakanga vanyorwa munhu sechinhu entrepreneur zvinoda zvimwe zvinhu uye maitirwe ezvinhu. Vanodawo tione. Pamwe iwe haugoni kusarudza imwe mitero yezvinhu woga!

zvakaoma kusarudza

Kazhinji, nyaya kwemitero mu Russia zvikuru mutete. It anobatsira zvikuru basa chero basa. Uye kana ukasarudza kutanga basa rako pachako, unofanira kunyatsofunga nezvokuti mutero mamiriro anogona kushandiswa PIs. Rinotibatsira zvakawanda zvokusarudza. Usati tichiita namaapuro mubhizimisi anofanira chinorondedzerwa chaiyo pamwe mubvunzo kwemitero. Zvinokwanisika uye pashure, asi kana iwe tora nokuuchengeta pachine, iwe uchava kubvisirwa akawanda matambudziko mune ramangwana.

Zviya, nerimwe gore kuRussia kuti IP hurongwa mitero kushivirira shanduko, uye vari kuzadzikiswa nevamwe chaiwo kusarudza. Saka, Somuenzaniso, munguva pfupi yapfuura akasuma patents. Ino itsva, iyo zvino kudiwa kukuru mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu. More nezvazvo pashure. Zvisinei, unoziva - kusarudza ezvinhu mitero ndezvako. Haasi saka nyore sezvo zvinoita. Nyatsofungisisa zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira mumwe hurongwa, uye chete ipapo kushandisa magwaro SP (kunyoresa).

mikana

Sezvambotaurwa, kune yemugumo chaizvo. Musafunga kuti mutero mamiriro anogona kushandisa IP? Kuva akatendeseka, mubvunzo uyu kwakaoma. Kana musingadi kupinda mashoko uye subtleties wokuti mhinduro inogona kuva nyore uye pasina chero matambudziko - chero.

Nemamwe mashoko, munhu wacho entrepreneur ane zvizere kodzero norusununguko rwokusarudza wegadziriro mitero pamukova zvakasimba. Kana chero nguva pashure kunyoresa kuMudzidzisi magwaro. Zvatisingakwanisi dziripo, asi havana kuti kukosha uchidzidzira. Kunyanya kana iwe funga kuti ikozvino sezvo Entrepreneurs dzakawanda dzinoitwa.

Saka worudzii mutero ino anogona kushandisa IP? Munguva ichangopfuura, mazita zvaungasarudza kwakawedzera. Zvino umwe izvi hurongwa zvinogona kusarudzwa muna Russia:

• zvachose (OCHO);
• nyore (USN, "Simplified mitero");
• bvumidzwa;
• kuroora mutero pamusoro zvakaverengerwa mari (UTII "vmenenka");
• kuroora zvekurima mutero (ainzi UAT).

Sezvambotaurwa, kuti inogara nomumwe vane mikana yavo uye nekuipira. Vamwe nzira dziri kushandisa kakawanda. Asi chii chingamisa? Zvii dzakarongwa mhando mutero enyika kuti IP? Mune zvimwe zviitiko zviri nani kutanga bhizimisi vamwe zano? Chii chichaitika kutora?

The kunopindirana maitiro

Ngatitange pamwe zvikuru pachena uye zvakafanana Muchiitiko. The ndechokuti zvinonyatsorehwa mitero marongedzero nomumwe Entrepreneurs - Nde mirayiridzo, kunoitika uchidzidzira. Kazhinji, kana uri pamukova dzebhizimisi regai kutaura chero chaiyo ezvinhu, ipapo muri "default", Masvomhu zvose pamwe nehurumende achatakura pamusoro OCHO. Pfungwa, chiito chakanaka mabasa akawanda. No vanofanira yokunyatsoongorora kamwe zvakare kupinda nezvehukorokodzwa design, uyewo akananga basa rako. Vose Hurongwa Chokwadi, haana kurambidzwa. Kureva, chero entrepreneur anokwanisa kuzarura basa rake uye kuti zano iri kushanda nguva dzose.

Ndezvipi zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira vari voga? Kana uri kufunga, sei mutero mamiriro anogona kushandisa IP, uye ipapo vakasarudza kutora chimiro maererano mukuru, anofanira kuteerera zvinhu zvakawanda. Pakati zvazvakanakira - kushaya nemusoro kuti kuunganidzwa anodiwa magwaro kana kuvhura bhizimisi, uye hapana rairambidzwa mhando yebasa. Izvi zvinofadza vakawanda.

pano nezvezvichaitwa uwandu kwemitero. Kazhinji, nokuti mumwe nomumwe Entrepreneurs kwakanyorwa yakanyanya guru, ndokuinama - 13% mari. For nemasangano wakaiswa kuti "ubvise" muna 20% zvakaoma yenyu.

nekuipira OCHO

Zvisingabatsiri zvose kubva pfungwa iyi. Kana uine pfuma, nemitero vachavawo kuchibhadhara. Hongu, uye pane anonzi VAT - muripo, unofanira kubudisa vakatengesa zvinhu uye mabasa. Parizvino kuisa kuti "ngaasungirire" pa 18%. Kureva, muna OCHO tichipedza kupfuura zvakakwana. Dzimwe nguva kunyange chimwe kurasikirwa, haibatsiri.

Mukuwedzera, nhau inofanira nguva dzose kuramba rinokosha bhuku zvinyorwa. Entrepreneurs nomumwe, vanoshanda pane OCHO uye nguva hariumbi munhu akakodzera gwaro, vachava nezvinetso zvikuru. Saka, kufunga chikamu ichi Zvinokoshawo kana ukasarudza tione mutero hurongwa mhando anogona kushandisa IP, uyewo yakanaka chisarudzo zvakakunakira.

Zviya, kazhinji VAT chinhu Kurondedzera nguva. OCHO Kazhinji kushandiswa chitoro uye Wholesale zvokutengeserana, mune zvimwe zviitiko zvinokosha kutarisa rinokosha muchimiro mitero. Vachaunza iwe zvakawanda. Rangarirai - kana musingadi zvakananga kana uchingoti chero vavashandire, ari "default" hamungandiurayi OCHO.

Vmenenka

Next runako mari nzira - ndiko kushanda vanonzi "vmenenki". In tsika, mumakore achangopfuura kashoma, asi zvinoitika. Ichi - chaiyo mutero nokuda SP. Activities zvinogona kuitwa pasi zano iri, vakanyorwa muna RF Mutero Code. Saka, zviri kukarukureta uku inowanika kwete zvose. Saka, gore negore unofanira chokushamisika kuti basa kunosanganisira kuvhura PIs UTII.

Zvakanakira musimboti ichi vari kuonekwa kuti kupfeka ziso. "Vmenenka" kunoenderana bhizimisi rako uye yenhengo dzayo. The kunonyanyisa chikamu purofiti iri sezvo 15%. Zvakawanda zvinoenderana kutambudzwa renyu. Not wakanyatsokodzera mumwe Entrepreneurs uyo "vabatisise" bhizimisi guru.

Muna 2016, zvinhu vakagamuchirwa maererano iyo UTII kubhadhara anogona kuchinjwa panguva remunharaunda chechetere. Saka, vamwe mabasa anoda 7.5 chete% mari, uye vamwe vanenge vari 2 nguva yakawanda - 15%.

Zvazvakaipira zvatisingakwanisi

Zvisinei, pane zvimwe zvisina pfungwa UTII. Sezvo yave akati, mukana kushanda zano iri harisi zvachose. Saka, nguva dzose kutarira kuna basa rako rave waibatanidzwa runoenzanirana mazita ari Tax Code. Uye akarurama kana, chengeta "fallback" chiito.

Uyewo, kana iwe ukaita bhizimisi zvikamu, ari "vmenenka" haagoni kushandiswa kana uine asingasviki 25% "yacho." Zviri kurambidza izvi panguva ino.

Chii mutero yezvinhu inogona kushandiswa, SP? UTII haana akakodzera vaya kuzarura hombe. Havana kodzero kugadzira ichi musiyano wezvinyorwa Entrepreneurs kuva sezvo mudonzvo vanhu vanopfuura 100. Zvikasadaro, unogona kuedza kushanda pamwe hurongwa.

Zviya, mumwe ndinoiitawo duku, rakanga kukanganikwa - haukwanisi kushandisa mari mazita ari Masvomhu. Asi ikozvino takura dzimwe nhoroondo achine. The taxpayer anekodzero pano iwe sarudza pachako. Kazhinji woramba zvikwereti uye pakutengeserana, dzimwe nguva zvichiita bhuku ndizvidavirire.

patents

Patent mutero nomumwe Entrepreneurs dzave akasuma ichangopfuura. Kuti yava kukwezva vanhu vakawanda kuti vatange basa ravo. Just usafunga kuti pfungwa iyi yakanaka. Iye, sedzimwe classifications, ine zvayakanakira ayo nezvayakaipira.

Somuenzaniso, pakati huru zvakanaka anomira mumwe une wakakwana kubva mutero kubhadhara. Enough kutenga bvumidzwa - uye unogona kushanda mune imwe nzvimbo pasina mari mirango. Zvose zvinodiwa Muchiitiko chakadaro - bhuku rinokosha kwekuchengeta zvinyorwa, iyo unofanira mune ramangwana.

Kureva, patents - ndiye kutengwa chairo basa rimwe mirayiridzo imwe nguva. Very zvakanaka beginners, ino - shoma nguva ukoshi of gwaro - 1 mwedzi. Unogona kuedza pachako pane imwe nyaya, zvadaro kuwedzera bvumidzwa kana kwete kudzinga mamwe mabhizimisi. Mari kunonyora Entrepreneurs pasi Muchiitiko chakadaro dzisingateri. Zvinoshanda papfungwa yo "kutenga uye kukanganwa."

Kwete vose

Zvisinei, zvinetso zviri inogara uyewo yakakwana. Chekutanga, unofanira pakarepo kucherechedzwa kuti mabasa rinorambidzwa kurambidzwa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti havasi vose vane kodzero kutenga patents uye kushanda pavari. Rakarurama mazita zvaitaurwa muna Tax Code, uye dzimwe nguva pane zvausingakwanisi mune dzimwe nzvimbo. Vanofanira nerimwe gore kuziva mutero zviremera.

Uyewo havagoni kudzika mutemo bvumidzwa sangano umo vanhu vanopfuura 15. Uye nokudaro mari yako pagore haafaniri kupfuudza mamiriyoni 60. Zvikasadaro, kuti bvumidzwa nyore havazovi pamutemo simba.

Chimwe drawback - mari gwaro. Iye ari mumwe munzvimbo pachinhu chaiyo mabasa wakaiswa nomumwe. Izvi zvakanaka uye kwete zvakanaka. Asi vakawanda zviri hurukuro iyi haisi muchiedza yakanakisisa.

UAT

Akatevera nzira kuti anogona kuva - nayo UAT. mutero Izvi hakuitiki kazhinji pakati Entrepreneurs. Saka, zvakawanda pfungwa haisi zviripo. The ndechokuti nezvechisarudzo ichi anosarudzwa chete panyaya vaigadzira uye vaitengesa zvirimwa.

Muchiitiko chino, unofanira kubhadhara musiyano wechinhu "mari-zvekushandisa". More zvakananga, 6% uwandu vakagamuchira. Pfungwa, vakapiwa yakamanikana pfungwa wegadziriro, unogona kurishandisa. Kunyanya kana kwezvatiri basa rako.

Asi ndapota cherechedza - haugoni kushandisa kodzero iyi, kana kukura sangano (nhamba muranda) zvichaita pfuura vanhu 300. Kana Muchiitiko chakadaro, UAT hazvisizvo. Saka, muna tsika, pfungwa iyi haangambozvipembedzi vaiona.

Yokudzidza mutero

OCHO uye STS - marudzi maviri mitero, izvo kazhinji dzinoitika muupenyu chaihwo. Kana tiri vanhuwo hurongwa, isu mawana kunze, pano munhu nyore asi. Kutaura zvazviri, ndiye chakadaro unhu zviri kudiwa kukuru panguva, Entrepreneurs.

Sei? The ndechokuti basa iri "Yokudzidza mutero mamiriro" zviri nyore chaizvo uye nyore. Wasunungurwa mari nyaya, asi kazhinji kugadzirisa kamwe zvakaoma avo. Kazhinji nhoroondo mabhuku zvakakwana. Panguva iyoyowo inofanira kubhadhara Entrepreneurs kwakadaro kunongova mutero rimwe - nokuti yacho. Annual nhau, muripo, kazhinji kunoitika kuburikidza 30 April.

VAT hachiverengerwi pana USN. Uyu mukana hombe, izvo zvinofadza vakawanda. Uyezve, kukura kwakajairika mutero yakatarwa. Zvinonzi wakaiswa panguva, kana 6%, kana 15%. Kureva, chokwadi, rimwe gore ne "Yokudzidza mutero mamiriro" unofanira kupa zvose 6-15% yako mari. Uye, chokwadi, itai zvose yakatarwa kubhadhara kuna mudyandigere Fund (umo hakuna wakadarikwa). Saka, mamiriro ezvinhu anofadza zhinji. VAT musi USN, sezvo yave akati, kwete. Uye vose mumwe "mari" uyewo.

Pakati zvikanganiso vangazivikanwa bedzi basa zvausingakwanisi uye zvaidiwa ezvinhu pane mukuru purofiti. Haasi munhu wose ane kodzero kushandisa itsanangudzo mutero gadziriro - chaiwo mazita kucherechedzwa mazita ari kwaunogara. Onawo - kana uine gore purofiti vanopfuura zviuru 300 rubles, kana kuwedzera, sezvo mutero achava kubhadhara 1% uwandu ndakawana. Vasingakoshi chinetso kana tikafunga zvose zvakanakira munhu "Simplified mitero". Mitero SP (USN), kana munhu mubasa private zvebhizimisi - ndiyo yakanakisisa kusarudza!

How kunyoresa

Eya, chokupedzisira chinhu iwe ikozvino kuziva - Ndivo nemitemo kunyoresa munhu ive entrepreneur. Uye unofanira kushandisa mutero neChikomonisiti. Zvave kuti mune zvimwe zviitiko, hapana chinodiwa iwe. Kuti usvinudze kureva, chipo kuhofisi mutero:

• INN;
• Pasipoti (magazini);
• mashoko pamusoro Panovhurwa IP;
• chikumbiro fomu kuti kushandisa rinokosha mitero gadziriro (2 makopi);
• Kutambirwa wehurumende basa muripo (800 rubles nokuda 2016).

Zvikurukuru, ndizvozvo zvose. Documents nokuti IP vakagadzirira, ungaashandisa uye kugamuchira gwaro kunyoresa. Muchiitiko chino, cherechedza kuti kana musingadi zvakananga chero rinokosha hurongwa mitero, nhamba zvichabviswa kusarudzwa. "Yokudzidza mitero" inofanira kusashanda mukati memazuva 30 kubva musi kunyoresa (kushandisa hurongwa mugore ano) kana kusvikira December 31, unofanira kushandisa nokuti gore rinouya. UTII wakabudiswa mukati 5 Mazuva atanga basa rako, patasvika inoshandawo dzimwe gadziriro. Hapana chakaoma nezvazvo. Nani chete kusarudza rikaudza hurumende.

Zvino ndinonzwisisa kuti mutero mamiriro anogona kushandisa IP. Kazhinji, kana uri mumwe (kana boka duku) achimhanya, uye hamuna basa kuripwa VAT, zvinokurudzirwa kusarudza kwainoita mutero hurongwa. Ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa kuti anoponesa taxpayer kubva dzichikunetsa uye nyaya dzemapepa.