Chii kudzidza phonetics uye orthoepy? Chii unofanira kudzidza phonetics?

Speech rinonzwika, mifananidzo kubatanidzwa nomumwe ruzha, ruzha anofambidzana - ndizvozvo zvose kudzidza phonetics. sainzi Iri bazi kwazvo chirango - zvemutauro, iro rinoongorora mutauro sezvo vakadaro.

Kunyatsogona phonetics

Kuti zviite pachena kuti kudzidza phonetics, zvakakwana kufungidzira umhare chero mutauro. Inside payo, pane chinokosha richibatanidza zvemukati dzaiita uye zvakanyorwa kutaura. Phonetics - ndiro nesayenzi kuti anoongorora mamiriro. dzinokosha kwaari vari orthoepy (madudzirwo mitemo) uye Graphics (kunyora).

Kana iwe wedzera mufananidzo chete tsamba (hunhu) uye ayo inzwi, tinowana chinokosha chokushandisa evanhu kutaura. Izvi ndizvo chaizvo kudzidza phonetics. Uyezve, uyewo rinoongorora zvinhu divi emashoko, kureva, zvokushandisa anoshandiswa murume pakutaura kwake. Izvi vanonzi chairema emashoko - kuva nhengo zvakakodzera kuti nekunyatsotsanangura. phonetics nyanzvi funga acoustic zvechadenga ruzha, izvo zvinokosha muupenyu kutaurirana.

The kwaita phonetics

Kuti tinzwisise kuti kudzidza phonetics, vanofanira kuona munhoroondo nesayenzi ichi. Zvidzidzo yokutanga pamusoro gudzanzwi mutauro, akazviratidza pakati vazivi vekare vechiGiriki. Speech mudziyo vanofarira Plato, Heraclitus, Democritus naAristotle. Saka VII remakore BC. e. girama yakaonekwa, uye pamwe pacho -fonetichesky kuongorora nekupatsanurwa mazwi pamusoro nemavara uye mavhawero. Chete preconditions yaigara nesayenzi yemazuva ano.

Panguva Kujekerwa, masayendisiti European kutanga akabvunza mubvunzo nezvokuva paumbwe mitinhimira. Muvambi dzidziso acoustic nzvanyira kutamba aiva chiremba German Christian Krattsenshteyn. Chokwadi kuti vanachiremba vakapayona phonetics, chaizvoizvo chinoshamisa. Zvidzidzo zvavo Kutaura vakanga vasiri zvakasikwa. In vanachiremba Kunyanya kuziva hunhu matsi-mutism.

Muzana XIX remakore vadzidza phonetics kare zvose mitauro nyika. Masayendisiti zvakagadzira okufananidza-nhoroondo nzira yokudzidza zvemutauro. Akanga kuenzanisa mitauro yakasiyana kune mumwe. Nemhaka iyi phonetic pachisara akakundikana kuratidza kuti tumitauro siyana vane zvakafanana midzi. The mutauro kupatsanura kuti mapoka makuru uye mhuri. Vakanga inobva kufanana kwete chete phonetics, asiwo girama, mashoko uye zvichingodaro. D.

Phonetics mutauro wokuRussia

Saka chii unofanira kudzidza phonetics? Nhoroondo yacho kukura kunoratidza kuti pasina chirango ichi yakaoma kunzwisisa mamiriro mutauro wamarudzi. Somuenzaniso, kuRussia mutauro phonetics yakatanga kuongororwa Mihailom Lomonosovym.

Aiva nyanzvi ichiita mabasa akawanda, uye dzimwe nyanzvi dzinongoitika nesayenzi. Zvisinei, mutauro wokuRussia anogara kufarira University kubva nemaonero paruzhinji. The musayendisiti aiva nomukurumbira mumiririri. Muna 1755 akanyora kuti "Russian girama", zvange kuongororwa nheyo phonetic yomutauro National. Kunyanya, munyori rakatsanangura ezita mitinhimira uye hunhu. Paaidzidza, akashandisa ichangoburwa panguva European dzidziso wemitauro.

IPA

Muzana XVIII remakore, masayendisiti ari Old World akasangana Sanskrit. Uyu ndiwo mumwe wemitauro Indian. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti mutauro uyu mumwe mukuru aivapo pari ari munhu budiriro. Sanskrit ane Midzi Indo-European. Izvi Akakwezva nevatsvakurudzi Western.

Nokukurumidza, achibatsirwa phonetic kuferefeta, vakaona kuti mitauro Indian uye European vane kure mutauro chimwe. Saka zvakasikwa phonetics. Vatsvakurudzi chinangwa: kuumba chete arufabheti, izvo zvingadai mucherechedzo manzwi zvose mitauro munyika. International transcription kutsikisa hurongwa wakatangwa mukupera XIX remakore. It ariko uye nechimwe nhasi. Uchibatsirwa kwayo zviri nyore kuenzanisa zvikuru kure nomumwe mitauro vamwe uye dissimilar.

Forums phonetics

United phonetic sainzi rakakamurwa muzvikamu akawanda. Vose vari kudzidza chakasiyana zvinoumba mutauro. Somuenzaniso, General Phonetics rinoongorora mapatani kuti varipo nendimi vemarudzi ose. kuongorora izvi tikwanise kuwana zvakafanana pfungwa bhuku uye midzi.

Anorondedzera phonetics rinoburitsa mamiriro mutauro mumwe. The chinhu chacho kudzidza gudzanzwi. Historical phonetics anodiwa club kukura uye "kukura" imwe mutauro.

orthoepy

Kubva phonetics akasarudzwa sayenzi orthoepy. Zviri rakamanikana chirango. Chii kudzidza phonetics uye orthoepy? Masayendisiti kushandisa sayenzi, ichitsvaka mataurirwo emashoko. Asi kana phonetics iri yakatsaurirwa zvose zvinobatanidzwa inzwi hunhu kutaura, kuti orthoepy zvakakodzera kuti waizoratidza nzira dambanemazwi uye zvichingodaro. D.

Zvidzidzo izvi zvakatanga sezvo nhoroondo. Language ari munzira kwayo ane muviri mupenyu. Inokudziridza nevanhu. Nezera itsva, mutauro akaora kubvisa zvinhu zvisingadiwi, kusanganisira emashoko. Saka archaisms vari kukanganikwa uye yatsiviwa nemirayiro itsva. Izvi ndizvo chaizvo kudzidza phonetics, Graphics, orthoepy.

madudzirwo dzemunharaunda

emashoko dzemunharaunda mumutauro mumwe nomumwe akagadzwa nenzira dzakasiyana. Somuenzaniso, kubatanidzwa mutauro wokuRussia kwakaitika pashure October Revolution. Paiva kwete chete mutsva kutaurwa chaiwo, asi girama. The nyanzvi dzemitauro Russian XX rose remakore kuongorora vakasara dzakasara kare.

Language muna Russian Empire akanga gogonera chaizvo. Orthoepic zvaanoda mumwe munzvimbo dzakasiyana mumwe. Izvi zvakakonzerwa vakawanda tumitauro. Kunyange muMoscow paiva yayo mutauro. Pamberi chimurenga, aionekwa ndozvakajairwa mutauro wokuRussia, asi mushure zvizvarwa shoma iye zvachose achinja pasi pokudzora nguva.

Orthoepy kuongorora pfungwa dzakadai intonation uye madudziro emazwi. The zvakawanda vakurukuri, chikuru rinofanira imwe boka achava mitemo yavo pachavo phonetic. Ivo zvichisiyana mabhuku mureza dzavo kusiyana paumbwe girama phoneme. Zviitiko zvakadaro yakasiyana anounganidzwa uye systematized nemasayendisiti, agozopinda chaiwo kutaurwa duramazwi.

Graphics

Chimwe chinokosha nokuda phonetics yokuranga ndiyo Graphics. It Anonziwo kunyora. Tichibatsirwa chiratidzo ezvinhu yakatarwa Data yatangwa, izvo munhu anoda kutaura kuburikidza mutauro. Chokutanga, vanhu chete kukurukura kuburikidza kutaura, asi iye akanga zvainovhiringidzawo zhinji. Chief pakati ava nekusagona nezvechii ake kuitira kuti vapukunyuke pamusoro chero panyama svikiro (semuenzaniso, paper). The chidzoke kunyora vakachinja izvi.

Graphics rinoongorora zvose zvinobatanidzwa ino yakaoma ezvinhu zviratidzo. Kuti inoongorora sayenzi phonetics Zvakanyorwa kufanana chirango? Mubatanidzwa tsamba uye ruzha kwakaita vanhu kuumba rakabatana hurongwa mutauro, pamwe pacho anotaura. Interconnection vaviri zvinokosha zvikamu izvozvo (orthoepy uye Graphics), chimwe nechimwe rudzi yayo. Nyanzvi dzemitauro kudzidza navo. hapana chinhu kupfuura Graphics uye phonetics kuti kunzwisisa mutauro hwezvisikwa. Chii inodzidza nyanzvi kubva nemaonero aya nehurongwa zviviri? kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro zvidzidzo zvavo vari tsamba uye ruzha. Zviri ivo - zvinhu mikuru kudzidza sayenzi ari mitauro.