Chii chinoratidzwa national pfuma vanhu? Russia National zviwanikwa

Masayendisiti kunowanzokonzerwa akawana izwi akadai "National pfuma kwenzanga." Muchirevo chii zvinonzi zvinowanzoshandiswa? Chii rinoshanda kukosha rine kuti sayenzi uye upfumi nyika? Chii chinogona dzinoratidzwa National pfuma Russian vanhu? How kududzira izwi iri pachinhu munzvimbo dzakasiyana?

Subtleties of Conceptual midziyo

Muzvirevo vakawanda, shoko rokuti "nyika pfuma kwenzanga" rakada kufanana ruzivo rwokugadzira. Chokwadi, pfungwa iyi pachayo inogona kushandiswa zvikuru chaizvo. Saka kazhinji zvinoitika. Mukutonga yenyika nezvinhu zvinogona kunzwisiswa sevaya ukama hunhu, kusvikira ungwaru rudzi, nemagariro echinyakare.

Asi tsika, izwi kakawanda correlated nomumwe - "Information Resources". Musimboti chiitiko ichi.

Information pfuma - chii?

Ndezvipi huru pfungwa anoratidza musimboti kutanga akadai mashoko mari? Pakati pamusoro - tsanangudzo ine uchifungidzira kuti evanhu kwave kutanga mukufamba inotungamirwa siyana zvenhoroondo idzodzo. Maererano vanhuwo kupatsanura, pane pre-maindasitiri munzanga, t. E., Avo umo upenyu-rutsigiro chawo kwaibva remaoko. Zvishoma nezvishoma nayo yakatanga. Zvakaguma muindasitiri vanhu, apo huru kuedza vanhu aiudzwa kugadzirwa zvinhu.

Paiva izwi akadai "zvekuvaka", zvichireva kudanda iyo inogona kusashanda kana zvakakodzera. Kune avo vane yo muindasitiri vanhu, masayendisiti kureva, sezvinoita mutemo, pfuma, basa, dzinongoitika, uye nemari. Mune ino, uye pane National pfuma vanhu. Industrial inotungamirwa sezvo theorists evanhu masayendisiti anotenda rakavapo kupinda ruzivo. Paiva, akavapindurawo, pose uye National ruzivo pfuma.

National mashoko zvinhu

Theorists ose post-maindasitiri nzanga aidavira kuti ano dzakabudirira sezvavanokura maererano akasiyana kunobva mashoko - zvoupfumi, zvematongerwo enyika, zvekushandisa, - akatanga kunzwa kudiwa zvakakwana zvinhu, izvo raizoita Somuenzaniso, kuti zvakanaka fambisa, muitiro uye amatura Data. Somugumisiro, pasi kuitika zvinodiwa kwenzanga uye upfumi dzakabudirira, pakanga anonzi National mashoko kupfuma. Chii maitiro avo? Chii chinoratidzwa national pfuma post-maindasitiri nzanga inotungamirwa?

Vanosanganisira, ave mutemo, Kuna zvoupfumi mhando. Ndizvo zvinorehwa mashoko zvinhu zvinogona kurondwa zvikurukuru pachiyero basa iri kunyatsoshanda okuwana nezvimwe siyana dzebhizimisi yokutevedzera. Mangoti ichi chishandiso dzakabudirira yakaonekwa, wakakurumidza pezvakaitwa mu kuMudzidzisi zvikamu hwenyika.

Nyika musika rudzi mashoko zvinhu

Theorists anotaura isingachinji musika rudzi mashoko mari. Sei zvinoshanda? Present izvozvo nyika nyika Export mumwe mimwe siyana zvinhu, izvo tsika angava Hardware uye Software zvinogadzirisa, siyana patents, vanodhirowa, marezinesi, kugadzirwa kwounyanzvi pfungwa uye upfumi, ruzivo, mapatani maitiro. Pane chinyorwa kuti mashoko chokuita National pfuma vanhu inozivikanwa wakasununguka kuwana. Kureva, zvinofungirwa kuti vanogona kushandisa kubva kombiyuta yako wega.

Saka, zvinokosha post-maindasitiri munzanga, saka, zvinosanganisira ruzivo Database, vamwe algorithms (kuzviita, ndiyo purogiramu yepakombiyuta tinoshandisa nhasi), vachibvumira kugadzirisa zvinetso nokukurumidza. National mashoko pfuma, sezvo dzimwe nyanzvi dzinofunga vanofanira pamberi vagari venyika ukoshi haidereri pane avo vane unhu maindasitiri inotungamirwa. Chii dzavo dzinoshanda kukosha?

Kukosha mashoko zvinhu

Kutanga, zviri kuti National eSosaiti zvinhu zvine chokuita norudzi mashoko, kushumira sechekushandisa pakusikwa kwezvinhu kuchikosha mumagariro zvigadzirwa. Chii somuenzaniso? Theorists ari muvanhu mashoko anoreva vaya chero digitaalinen zvigadzirwa - mafaira, zvirongwa. Mumwe unhu hwavo - nzvimbo pamusoro chekuchengeta svikiro yemagetsi (mu iyi tiri kutaura nezvomukana kupararira kubva kune mumwe munhu ari isiri zvinhu chimiro) kana zvetsika - muchimiro mabhuku kana magwaro.

Neruzivo zvibereko chete mhando vari pedyo pedyo pamwe minamato. Chii chavanoita vanomirira? Maererano nevakawanda pakati theorists, mashoko services - mugumisiro non-zvibereko mabasa evanhu kuitira kubatsira mumwe munhu nezvimwe zvinhu zvinodiwa. Muchiitiko ichi tiri kutaura nezvokukosha kuwana chigadzirwa ruzivo.

Information uye kushandisa michina nehurongwa

Sei zvigadziriswe zvekuvaka kushandiswa, kwese kunoitika post-maindasitiri gadziriro (izvo setsika kugamuchirwa kune vakawanda zvoga)? Sei mashoko ari zvayaitenderera paguyo mavari?

Kuti tipindure mibvunzo iyi, tichange kuva shoma yakawanda yokunyatsoongorora dzidziso. Chokutanga, edza kuona kuti "mashoko mamiriro". Maererano kwakapararira pakati theorists ose postindustrial vanhu dudziro iri izwi riri capacious chaizvo. Inogona dzinosanganisira zvinoriumba. Mumwe wavo - zvakafanana ruzivo nyika uye nyika yavose pfuma, hunhu dzakapiwa kwatiri kumusoro. Ndiko, ndiyo data, mashoko, ruzivo ari muchimiro magwaro uye mafaira. Uyewo, mashoko hurongwa ingasanganisira okuchengetera arrays zvakagadzirirwa maumbirwo mashoko ane maonero avo kushandiswa zvinobudirira kugadzirisa matambudziko akasiyana-siyana. Chimwe chikamu mashoko mugadziriro - zvigadzirwa, muunganidzwa maturusi uye unyanzvi, mashoko chekuchengeta uye kugadzira. Uyezve, mashoko hurongwa vane-siyana zvigadziriswe vakuru zvinokosha. Hardware ichi, software, nomutemo zviridzwa, masangano zviwanikwa, uye zvichingodaro. D.

Basa mashoko enyika nhasi

Pasi zvokudya theorists yomumwe mashoko munyika uye nyika pfuma kwenzanga - ndiyo nheyo ano muitiro kuzvidzora enyika. The kushanda kwavo vari muchimiro makombiyuta gadziriro, kusanganisira kukurukurirana. Basa zvekushandisa zvakagadzirirwa ironge mashoko, nyanzvi dzinoti, sezvinotaurwa kukuru dzakabudirira vanhasi, uyewo maindasitiri zvinhu zviri maindasitiri muvanhu. Simba inoti zvemari zvikuru kuziva kwete chete, muti, norudzi zviwanikwa, asiwo mashoko.

Information uye zvoupfumi nehurongwa

Pamwe Chiitiko mu mubvunzo zviri pedyo nepedyo, saka kuti zvoupfumi. Funga izvozvo muenzaniso nyika yedu. Nokushanda kwenhengo emakambani ano, maererano theorists, pamwero rinonangana zvinodiwa post-maindasitiri nzanga zvinogoneka chete kana uchishandisa chete yepamusoro mashoko kupfuma. Zvingakwanisa mafomu avo sezvo guru souya kwese kuti bhizimisi, simba uye dzidzo. Zvinozivikanwa kuti zvose zviitiko izvi - Russia National kupfuma. Uye avo kukosha shoma-vakapikisa.

Zvisinei, kana ukatevera pfungwa yacho theorists ose post-maindasitiri munzanga, nyika yedu ine mukana kuchinja munyika chete kana pachava zvigadziriswe kuitira wakazara Kuzadziswa zvinogona kuri muna National mashoko mari. Izvi zvinofanira kuitwa? How kushandisa mukana, akataura Russian National chinogona kuva akagadzirwa zviwanikwa, ruzivo vanhu, tsika yakanga vaisanganisa pamwe zvigadziriswe zvakananga kuti post-maindasitiri kuitika?

Chii zvinogona kubva muvanhu mashoko?

Theorists vanodavira kuti kuita chiri chipo munzanga hakufaniri kungogumira kugona kushandisa chete mabikirwo zvokushandisa. Zvakakosha kuti chipo mamiriro yakakodzera nenhanho chikoro yesayenzi yakagadzirwa nevanhu vavanorarama masangano anogona kupa kufarira zvemidzimu pakushandisa avo mikana mashoko kupfuma. Tinoda chikoro chokudzidzisa vanachiremba vane vakagadzirira kuita izvozvo.

National mashoko pfuma Russia - iri, saka, kwete chete kuwana zvigadzirwa, zvingadarowo kuti tiite zvidzidzo zvakakodzera unhu kunatsa methodological uye ouinjiniya anouya pakugadzirisa kudzvanya matambudziko. Chete kana ichi muna Russian Federation pane mukana kuvaka, sezvo theorists ose post-industrialism tenda ano ruzivo vanhu. Chaizvoizvo, zvinonzi, maererano akakurumbira pamuviri, angava?

Chii vanhu ruzivo?

A zvakafanana dudziro inoti kuti mashoko ari pamutemo tichikurukura umo chinokosha mugove wezvizvarwa vakagaramo kuti anogamuchira, pezvakaitwa, transmits kana zvitoro siyana mashoko, mafaira, mashoko. Kureva unoshanda huru National chinogona - ruzivo, kuburikidza icho vanhu vanogona zvinobudirira kuronga chero mabasa. Ndezvipi zvinodiwa kuti kukura kwenzanga kusvika padanho mashoko? Nyanzvi kudana matatu makuru - kuwanda noruzivo rwemakombiyuta, nomumbure kukura, uyewo chikamu chavagari kushanda IT-bhora.

Eya, maererano izvi zvinodiwa, Russia angataure mamiriro nyika kuti akagona avake vanhu ruzivo. Russian National zvekuvaka ari kuzadzikiswa nenyika raizivikanwa hofori IT-indasitiri, kukura musika paIndaneti chitoro nezvimwe zvikamu yakabatana nayo (rwezvemabhengi, kubudiswa, uye zvichingodaro. D.). Vamwe vanamazvikokota vanofungawo kuti chokuratidza kuti post-maindasitiri nzanga anogona kunzi sezvo mano vagari kufamba yepamutemo uye zvetsika zvine nuances kuti paumbwe itsva. Izvi vanonzi "tsika ruzivo".

Information pfuma uye kukura munyika

Maererano nedzimwe theorists, tarisiro kukura ano inoti kungaenderana sei zvakanaka pfungwa zvichaita kusumwa kusunga dzingangoitika mashoko zvinhu nenzira dzakasiyana sectors hwenyika. Sei? Sezvatakamboreva kumusoro, Chikurukuru, chii chakaitika yenyika pfuma muvanhu chokuita mashoko - ndeye muchikwata upfumi. The chinokosha zvikuru kukura kwenzanga uye nyika - kubudirira kwavo kushandiswa. mashoko Economic - iyi ndiyo imwe yenzvimbo kushanda chinokosha chikamu nepfuma mubvunzo. Solvency wenyika, ari kuenderera waro kugadzirwa gadziriro uye mabhizimisi yokutevedzera kuvimba Naizvozvo, nezuva chatingatevedzera National mashoko zvinhu munzanga.

Kutaura yemarudzi nzvimbo

An dzinonakidza Chokwadi ndechokuti kukosha, nyaya postmodern theorists idzodzo rinozivikanwa kwete chete yakamanikana zvedzidzo yeChina, asiwo pamatunhu zvematongerwo enyika yakati sandara. Kune mienzaniso dzakawanda zvibvumirano icho, mukutarisana wacho nyika munyika vanoziva kukosha kushanda pamwe paumbwe munharaunda ruzivo pfuma uye anoenderana nehurongwa. Zvikurukuru, vanoverengeka magwaro anoratidza kuti kusaina kwaiita neIntergovernmental zvibvumirano parakatonga kuti magetsi Kudyidzana dzinongoita kwakavakirwa unhu mashoko rinoshandiswa neZvapupu vanhu - zvose pachiyero munhu marudzi, uye zvatinoita pose kwokukurukurirana.

Information, nyanzvi dzinofunga kuti vazive hurumende kupfuura chinokosha kukura upfumi uye tsika dzenyika. Kudzora nzira kuitira Kuzadziswa zvinogona ari runoenzanirana zvekuvaka, anosimbisa kuita zvivako uye nemasangano ari mamiriro dhigiri ezvinhu Executive simba. Kana akakodzera chibvumirano yakasainwa nokuda rinoti anopa Implementation zviyero chokuita kwokushandisa mashoko zvinhu, vanokwanisa-building, nepfungwa nekugadzirisa matambudziko akadaro kunogona kutsanangurwa vatarisiri hunopiwa pamwe yakawanda masimba.

Zvinofadza kuti Conceptual midziyo, izvo nevanopinda kubudikidza theorists pamusoro postindustrial munzanga, anongoda chete sezvazviri zvibvumirano dzakawanda. Izvi zvinogona kuratidza kuti nyaya pfungwa, izvo isu tiri kufunga nhasi - avo kuti chokuita National mashoko pfuma, - sokugamuchira rose, uye zvakawanda kana zvishoma inonanga zvichishandurwa pachiyero dzakawanda Kudyidzana. Kusanganisira vane chikamu weRussia. Uyewo nepfungwa kuna vamwe kumeso-siyana inoti kwakanga kusina kusabvumirana vari kunzwisisa zvinangwa uye zvinangwa zvinomuka kana kushanda pamwe chete, zvinogona tsunga nemitemo iro vechikamu nedanho nenzvimbo ehurumende zvavanokoshesa mumunda kukura mashoko vanhu kuitwa ingashanda. Panguva iyoyowo zvinhu Standardization zvingadarowo kuti pave advertising pava pokuita kudyidzana kuitira vane zvakarurama zvishandiso kushandisa ngadzirambe dziri mitemo nemirayiro yose zvibvumirano.

Information pfuma uye IT-Russian nzvimbo

Tsika anozvikudza wenyika yedu, kana pamusoro pezvatinotaura kukura tsika mashoko, kuti zvinobudirira kushandisa dzedu dzazvinogara pfuma, padanho zvigadzirwa kupinda? Above dzatakurukura, chii National zvinhu vanoonekwa ne mhando kwenzanga mashoko - hukama upfumi. Izvi muitiro runoratidzwa Russian?

Mienzaniso kuti aizopa mhinduro zvimwe mibvunzo netariro tsinga, muRussia zvakakwana. Tora, nokuti kufunga imwe kuitika yakadai, sezvo shanduro kugutsikana raibhurari (mabhuku, nyaya, magazini) kubva zvetsika papers digitaalinen chimiro. Pano Russia ndiyo zvikuru anobudirira. Tine Somuenzaniso, ichi paIndaneti chirongwa se "Rukont" - a National-digital chinogona apo Internet vanokwanisa kukopa mabhuku, periodicals,-siyana Multimedia tigutsikane - maCD, mavhidhiyo uye software. portal ichi inzira Inter-bazi raibhurari pahwaro pfungwa "KONTEKSTUM". "Rukont" - a National-digital chinogona, aizivikanwa vokuRussia vakawanda, zvinonzi yoku- pamwe zvinyorwa zvitsva zivo zuva nezuva. creators ayo vari kushingaira kushanda kuvandudza functionality yacho inowanikwa rinoitwa kuramba rokuwedzera zviri neizvozvi. The zvekuvaka ane guru richikurukura vamwe, sezvamakaropafadzwa uwandu guru dzimba, kumayunivhesiti, mumaraibhurari. Uye kwete chete kuRussia asiwo kwose.

bhuku gadziriro zvigadzirwa kwemabhuku yakatanga muna Russia. Ikoko unogona kuwana ruzivo, zvichida pamusoro kupfuura vakanyorwa munyika yedu, nomutemo masangano - mabhizimisi, hurumende masangano, masangano asiri zvisingabatsiri. Kana isu, Somuenzaniso, vanofarira Foundation "National Resources", kuti mashoko pamusoro chivako ichi tinogona kuwana kunyange mumwe paIndaneti dhairetori nyore.

With kukosha IT-bhora ari upfumi vane uyewo kukuvara. Turnovers mikuru Makambani Russian munzvimbo iyi vari vanofungidzirwa mabhiriyoni emadhora. Vazhinji IT-mavanga nyika yedu vanozivikanwa munyika yose uye vari vatungamiri vari zvikamu zvavo. MuRussia, panewo nemakwikwi paIndaneti zvirongwa - anozivikanwa National mwe zvokushandisa exchange nadzo, kwete kunyange neumwe; chihombe pasocial network, ane yayo search engine.

Kana padanho Internet kupinda mu Russia, nhamba idzi broadly akafanana dzakabudirira. Access kuti network iri, nokuti zvinenge zvose vagere misha, uye kuburikidza migero akawanda. Izvi wired that dzezvokukurukurirana, mobile, Satellite. Naizvozvo, padanho tsika mashoko, isu pamwe havafaniri kukurirwa chii aripo munyika dzakabudirira. Izvi zvakakosha kwazvo. Izvi, maererano theorists, chii chakaitika National pfuma post-maindasitiri munzanga mhando. Mukuwedzera, Chokwadi, upfumi chinhu.