Chii chinonzi geopolymer kongiri?

Dzimwe nguva dzose, masayendisiti aiitisa miedzo uye kuedza, izvo havawanzoiti musanganiswa, tichibatanidza dzinongoitika uye chakagadzirwa ingredients. Akadaro tandem akabvumira kuti vawane zvinhu rurefu kuita, sezvo zvinhu chakagadzirwa mavambo runogonesa zvose nhamba zvinhu iwayo kuti hunhu akapa. Zvinhu vakawana seizvi anonzi ematongerwo kana polymeric. Mumwe wavo - the geopolymer kongiri, inova ichangoburwa zvakatipoteredza ushamwari yakachengeteka chivakwa zvinhu. The chivakashure "Geoffrey" (muchiGiriki - "nyika") riri chisimbiso kuti mashoko itsva ine zvoga ingredients.

Innovative kongiri kunovhengana haisi chinhu chitsva - yave ichizivikanwa kuti murume kubva kare; panguva pakuvaka mapiramidhi muIjipiti kushandisa kuvaka zvinhu zvakafanana. Zvinosuruvarisa aro chaiwo yokubika anoramba zvisinganzwisiswi murume ano, asi pakatanga noungwaru zvigadzirwa, masayendisiti vaikwanisa kudzorera anofungidzirwa nziyo, unyanzvi uye kuwana rinenge chete analoginen, geopolymer kongiri ndizvo zvakanga kare. Asi chokwadi ichi chete nhoroondo uye ano kuvakwa pachirehwa chete muchidimbu.

Description itsva mhinduro

Chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha ehupfumi ari itsva kongiri kunovhengana - akaisa simba kunonyanyisa munguva pfupi nguva zvachose omarara, aida vhiki chete, nepo tsika mhinduro pakushaiwa ichi chaizvo 4 nguva refu.

Geopolymer kongiri sezvo Portland simende, zvinosanganisira zvakawanda zvinoriumba, asi murwiyo zvinosiyana zvikuru. The itsva mhinduro ine kunonyanya kubva dota gang - mirwi maindasitiri akasiyana. Kare, tsvina yakadaro chinogadzirwa chose uye chete anosvibisa mhoteredzo. Chokwadi, nyaya itsva zvinhu haangarevi kugadzirisa dambudziko pakarepo, asi dota gang kuchava kunokosha tsime mbishi zvokuvakisa gadzira kwavo.

Zvakanakira kushandisa

Maererano nenyanzvi, mashoko geopolymer kongiri - a chigadzirwa ine ramangwana kukuru kusafanana Portland kuumba rinoshandiswa mune zvaAtemisi lightweight kuvakwa. Asi handizvo zvose: kwavo teplosohranyayuschim zvechadenga idzva kongiri kunovhengana hunopfuura nokure mamwe zvokuvakisa, izvo zvinoshandiswa kuvaka zvivako. Somuenzaniso, rusvingo Ukobvu geopolymer ichi masendimita chete 30 ngaunyatsobata kupisa uyewo zvidhinha, asi Ukobvu 1.25 m.

Saizvozvowo, kushandisa kuvaka imwe nzira itsva mhinduro, unogona kuponesa mari yakawanda:

1. Unogona kuvaka zvivako pamwe zvishoma zvinhu.
2. Nokuda yakaderera chafariz conductivity kuti geopolymer zvokuvakisa kuderedza mari nzvimbo kudziyisa mavari.

Key Features

Maererano vanachiremba kuti geopolymer kongiri chivako zvinhu ramangwana sezvo aine kunaka kuita maitiro akadai:

1. Low shrinkage.
2. High compressive simba.
3. Kupikiswa acids.
4. Low permeability. zvazvingava Izvi anenge akaenzana chete chakarurama girenayiti.
5. Excellent kuramba yakakwirira tembiricha - kusvikira + 1300 °. Masayendisiti vakaperekedza kumwe kuedza kwemaminitsi 120 aiva eDare geopolymer kongiri uye Portland simende yakakwirira chaizvo tembiricha. Pashure paizvozvo, zvinobikwa ane nzira itsva muvhenganiswa akaramba zvachose chawaitwa, apo ukomba Portland ndina zvakawanda makatsemuka uye Chips.

Asi chinokosha chinowanikwa mhinduro tiri kufunga ndechokuti allocates kushoma pakati girinihausi magasi.

Kana tikaenzanisa nemamiriro idzva chivakwa zvinhu, afanane kuti rwokuzvarwa ibwe, saka ane yepamusoro ehupfumi pane kwakajairika mhinduro. Asi chinonyanya kukosha - inogona kugadzirwa geopolymer kongiri nemaoko avo, sezvo hazvina kuoma. Zvinokosha chete yokugadzirira zvakakodzera zvinoriumba.

The peculiarity pakati murwiyo

Pfungwa yokuti zviri nyore, uye hurongwa - available: achibhururuka padurunhuru, mvura, potassium hydroxide, mvura girazi uye gang. Wokupedzisira chirungiso runodikanwa simba uye mukurumari. Asi iye oga haagoni kudzivirira rapera chigadzirwa kubva makatsemuka kuti hakudzivisiki munguva shrinkage. Izvi anobvisa zvakaipira pamberi nhunzi nedota. Uyezve, vose zvinoriumba kusimbisa kongiri kunovhengana, uye rinogona kukunda chero asina zvinhu.

Sei dota? Nekuti kunyange riri roga, chikamu ichi chine yakakwirira mumuviri uye kwesayenzi zvivako, saka sumo yaro murwiyo kunobatsira kuvandudza simba zvechadenga rapera chigadzirwa (kukwira girenayiti pamwero).

Also aida kuwedzera simba kuvaka zvinhu zvaisanganisira ari aruminiyamu silicates. Vari kuita pamwe alkali ari maitiro, vari polymerized. Izvi pave yakasimba monolith. Ndicho ichi maitiro zvinoriumba zvakasimbisa kuti chidzoke imwe zita zvokunyama - kunonzi shlakoshchelochnyh kongiri nezvakasanganiswa.

kutanga

, Unofanira kugadzirira usati rakatanga:

1. Chinzvimbo.
2. Tools.
3. Clothing.
4. Unomubatsira kufema.
5. Points.
6. Gloves.
7. Chikero kuti akuteerere zvinoenderana.
8. Shuttering kana kuumba, izvo zvichaita ukande akagadzirira mhinduro.

An chinokosha: kuti paumba unofanira kutora bandauko chipasa zvenyama kusingadzokeri sei pamwe alkalis. Zvingava zvakanakisisa matanda chokushandisa.

Pazvese: nokusanganisa zvinoriumba chipise, saka vaiitawo anofanira kutora mudziyo husingakwanisi akakwidziridzwa tembiricha. Kana uchida munhu akagadzirira mhinduro nokukurumidza ndakadaro, unogona kugadzira electrolytes ari formwork. Muchiitiko chino, vanofanira kugadzirira pachine.

yokuwana nayo

Handyman, uyo akasarudza kuti geopolymer kongiri nemaoko avo, vari anonyanya kufarira chaiyo Zvinoumba musanganiswa. In padandemutande hapana vakagadzirira yokubika, nokuti vaburitsi vanorichengeta pakavanda, uye masayendisiti kuramba kushanda Kusimudzira itsva zvokuvakisa. Unogona kuwana zvakasiyana vazhinji aiitwa, asi Pakutangatanga dzataurwa nokuda zvinokosha mamiriro akaita kuchinja.

Zvichitevera izvozvo, anogadzira zvinhu 1,0 L geopolymer mhinduro kugadzirira:

• 550 g Nhunzi dota gang yakawanda;
• 110 d mvura;
• 240 g mvura magirazi;
• 180 g 45% Koh.

Zvese zviri sale, uye unogona kudziwana pasina zvinetso. Chokwadi, mutengo akanzwirwa pakupedzisira chigadzirwa achava kupfuura analogues zvavo Portland simende, asi simba ravo hunopfuura nokure kongiri zvinhu.

The gadziriro michina

Kana uine zvose zvakafanira zvinoriumba uye maturusi uye unogona yokugadzirira geopolymer kongiri. The zvemichina iri nyore, asi unotofanira mukanyatsochengeta kutevedza audzwa zvose:

1. Mukamuri apo basa riri kuitwa, inofanira kuva pasi mwando kuti potassium hydroxide haisi "aiyangarara". Nemhaka iyi chiri hydroxide yemanyorero decompressed chete vasati kupinzwa mhinduro.
2. Koh ndiye zvokurwa zvinhu zvakakwana, saka kushanda navo zvakakodzera, kushandisa unodzivirira midziyo - magiravhusi uye magogorosi.
3. Liquid girazi zvakare kuonekwa non-hygroscopic uye utsinye - naye kuti zvishoma anongwarira.
4. basa rose iri akanya yaifanira nokukurumidza.

Kana uri kushandisa kongiri chisanganiso, achashanda zvinotevera urongwa:

1. Dururirai mumvura. Shandisa chando mvura havagoni kuva - zvinofanira kuva kudziya.
2. Sechipanji gang nemadota.
3. Kamwe zvose zviri chaibva, achiwedzera Polymers.
4. Sanganisa zvakare kusvikira yunifomu mhinduro.
5. Dururirai musanganiswa kupinda anoumba.

An chinokosha: nhunzi dota ane fuma ine kwezvakatipoteredza mukurumbira ravakwa dubious, asi ndinoonga kuti kushandiswa kwayo nekongiri kunovhengana inova simba zvikuru, izvo zvinoramba yakareba chaizvo nguva. Saka kana zvakakosha kuwana rakasimba zvinhu, unogona kushandisa madota, asi kana inokosha zvipenyu, dota anogona kutora zvishoma, uye chikamu kutsiviwa simende.

kuumbwa

Kuti mashoko ari vakada ukuru uye chimiro, unogona kushandisa chete casing sezvo kuti vanhuwo Portland simende. Vari akakumbira nomutsa kuchenesa uye girisi chiutsi kana mumwe (kunyange miriwo) mafuta. Zvadaro hwavapo armature (kana zvichidiwa), uye chete ipapo chimiro izere kongiri dhaka. Kana achizadza zvinodiwa nechokwadi chokuti haagari mukati voids, nokuda izvo zviri geopolymer kongiri rakanyorwa anogona kutsemuka mune ramangwana.

Nechekare rimwe zuva zvigare preform: firimu yakaumbwa pamusoro pechiso kwayo. Her kuvapo achawedzera kuoma kwakaita zvinhu, uye vanogona kumira yepamusoro mitoro.

mhinduro mikana

For mafeni pamusoro kuedza, mashoko aya ane rakafara munda nokuti pakatanga upi zadumok: kugadzira munhu chesamende musanganiswa anogona kushandiswa chero Organic zvinhu. Saka, astringent zvinoriumba inogona mvura-soluble nebwe. Munogonawo - kushandiswa panzvimbo PVA nebwe, ipapo emulsifier ndiye polyvinyl doro, ine wayo sezvamunoita.

Vamwe kushandiswa muna zvaAtemisi wakatemerwa huni. Chaibva mumvura uye kubatwa ozone kurapwa, zvichiteverwa nokuisa ari chisanganiso nokuti unobva nevamwe zvinoriumba, kugamuchira somugumisiro wacho geopolymer kongiri. How kuita kuitira kuti kunoguma mhinduro kubudikidza tikwanise zvandinenge chimiro, vakaporeswa nokukurumidza? Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, yakadirwa kupinda formwork pamwe electrodes kuburikidza iyo maminitsi ipapo mukati 60 dzokuteerera yemagetsi. Uye magetsi haina vangoendeswa kubva pomumbure, uye inopfuura nomunyika convert. Kamwe kupatsanurwa chitsetsu ndiye akaomesa, kuti formwork rinobviswa uye kugadzirwa kutevera maatomu akafanana.

pakuunganidza premixed

Kwete mushandisi ose kana tenzi akafanana kuedza - vanhu vazhinji vanosarudza kuita STRUCTURAL kongiri, uye kutenga akagadzirira akagadzirwa, kunyanya sezvo risina kuoma kuwana murwiyo harimuki: vanopfuura 4 makore Russia anowanika geopolymer kongiri pahwaro ivhu zvinhu PT. Manufacturers kupa pezvitsiga siyana, kukosha iyo kunoenderana nenhamba yenhengo vavo zvikuru. Purchase chivakwa zvinhu kunogona kuva muchimiro chakaoma wemisanganiswa umo kusina hardener.

On Kutengeswa chinhu akagadzirira akagadzirwa nziyo, uye Russian uye dzimwe kugadzirwa. kusawirirana kwavo - mari uye kumhanya solidification.

Zvinofadza kuti vabereke zvinotevera pezvitsiga Russia:

1. "Stone Flower".
2. "Sebryakovcement".
3. "Eurocement Group".

Of dzimwe yemakambani dzakakurumbira zvinhu makambani aya:

1. German Heidelberger Cement.
2. Spanish GRUPOSUBDI.
3. French LAFARGE.

Zvakanakira apera zvinhu

Nhasi, unogona kutenga wakagadzirira akagadzirwa kongiri blanks ose pezvitsiga siyana. Vari yaakaita inotevera parameters:

1. Nemishonga - muchiso W-W 2 12.
2. Frost - muchiso kubva 50 F kusvika 300 F.
3. Mukurumari - chiratidzo M 50 kuna M 500.

Uyezve, muna rakapedzwa wemisanganiswa - zvivanakire mukugadzirisa - Vhoriyamu zvikamu neimwe mhando filler anogona zvichienderana pamusoro aida tuso. Geopolymer chairo muna kongiri iri zvaisanganisira, asi kazhinji kunotsiviwa Nhunzi nedota. uwandu Its ave akaenzana Verengai zvikamu yakapwanyika ibwe, jecha uye simende.