Chii Central Department Store? achiongorora zvaive abbreviations

Zvinorevei TSUM (inopangidza pakati abbreviations), munguva munguva Soviet, vose vaiziva, pasinei chikamu USSR, akararama. Pashure pezvose, shoko iri, uyewo chingamu, kwakanga kwakafanana nevatengi muparadhiso, dzataigona kutenga zvose. Sezvo nyaya kumhuka Cum uye chii chakaitika kwaari nhasi?

Chii chinonzi Department Store

Pane shanduro mbiri chii chinorehwa izvi tsamba nhatu.

The pamutemo kududzirwa kweshoko "Cum" - musimboti dhipatimendi kuchitoro. Zita rokuremekedza iri ndiro imwe huru kupfuura zvitoro munhoroondo Soviet uye ano Russian Federation, riri panguva mharadzano pakati Ul. Petrovka uye Theater Square muMoscow.

Vose okutengesa nzvimbo tsika (pasi pasi) - 69 mativi makiromita, izvo nhasi anoita Cum mumwe guru zvitoro muEurope, uye pasi pose.

Uyewo, pane mumwe kududzirwa kweshoko "Cum" - nechepakati dhipatimendi kuMoscow. Kazhinji kunzi muchitoro vashanyi, uyo dzimwe nguva dzose ivepo akaumba unorema vatengi. Zvisinei, inopangidza ichi hachisi zvachose wechokwadi, nekuti kubva pakatanga pamusoro GUM iri zvakagara zvakurukurwa huru yezvitoro kukwezvana muMoscow.

History of Central Department Store pamberi 1917

Wakabata pamwechete chokwadi kuti Central Department Store, mutengo kuwana zvakawanda pamusoro nhoroondo yaro, nekuti zvayo dzakasiyana nguva, akanga agara ari yokunyanya.

Kusvikira XIX remakore. ari Russian Empire pakanga kunotenga pasina nzvimbo kunzwisisa nhasi kwavo. Varombo pakati kirasi merchandised muzvitoro, kumisika kana mune diki kushandiswa zvitoro, apo vamiririri nokuti akapfuma vepamusoro zvinhu akaita kuti arayire, kana yabva kumwe.

Muna 1857 mu Russia akauya 2 wokuScotland entrepreneur - Endryu Myur uye Archibald Meriliz. Kugara itsva nyika, makore mashomanana vanamuzvinabhizimisi akazarura chiduku haberdashery.

Zvinhu zvine vanozivikanwa dzavo "Myur uye Meriliz" zvakarurama vakakurumidza akakwira mugomo, Entrepreneurs vakatanga zvishoma nezvishoma kuwedzera kuwanda mabhizimisi ayo, rokuizarura zvakawanda madhipatimendi. Kusvikira wasvika pakugumisa kuti zvinokosha kuvhura pachako-vanorega Shopping Centre, zvavakanga vakaita.

Pakazosvika 1888-1889 biennium. kumisa chitoro "Myur uye Meriliz" kushanda chipatapata uye kare akawana mukurumbira wakanaka. Pano unogona kutenga nekaupenyu chipa (kirasi pakati), yepamusoro zvigadzirwa, kwete chete kune dzimwe asiwo vagadziri Russian. Uyezve, paiva chitoro kudzokera gadziriro kana kupanana zvinhu, uyewo pakukurukura basa, izvo zvinogona kutuma rwokutenga, kunyange mumataundi yakavakidzana. Uyezve, mune ramangwana TSUM aigadzira pamwaka katarogu, izvo zvinogona akarayira neposvo.

Zvisinei, kubudirira "Myur uye Meriliz" haagoni asi kumutsa godo pamusoro zvishoma vakabudirira Entrepreneurs. Saka, maererano Russian tsika yekare, vakwikwidzi kaviri akaedza kupisa chete-vanorega shopu pamusoro Scots (1892 uye 1900). Paiva nerunyerekupe kuti izvi zvimwe chokuita "vagari wemari kambani Upper Trading Rows musi Red Square muMoscow" (ramangwana GUM), izvo panguva iyoyo chete kuronga kwavo zvitoro centre.

Pasinei zvose nemanomano vakwikwidzi, Muir uye Meriliz munguva pfupi kwete chete vakakwanisa kuvakazve chitoro chake, asi mumakore mashoma akafunga rive guru-nyaya nomwe yakaoma, rwakazokura zvomunda pre-echimurenga Moscow. kunaka kwaro, nyaradzo Gloss Akakwezva zvachose sectors vose munzanga. Vagari Wealthy kuuya "uye Myur Meriliz" kutenga chinhu, uye avo vasingagoni nezvaaigona, vakashanyira kuchitoro, wakafanana kwemasimba muumbozha.

Department Store munguva Soviet pre-hondo nguva

Pashure pokuchinja uye kuuya simba Soviet kunotenga centre "Myur uye Meriliz" akanga yokuzvidira uye vanomanikidzwa ehurumende varidzi, uye 1922 akanga pamutemo zita rokuti Mostorg uye akazarura mune vaitamba mutambo mhepo.

Zvisinei, kune yaimbova ukuru "Myur uye Meriliz" Mostorg (izvo nokukurumidza zita muna Cum) kuti uchengetedze uye vakasagona. Quality kwenhumbi uye mabasa zviri muduku pre-echimurenga kumwedzi. Uyezve, kuvhura inotevera gore GUM Yakasvika papi sezvo huru dhipatimendi munyika. Sezvineiwo, kududzirwa kweshoko "chingamu" uye "Cum" rakafanana chaizvo: State Department Store uye Central Department Store. Kunyange zvazvo hurumende kwakamutsa pave TSUM uye GUM, yokupedzisira yakanga vaifarira: nayo rakarongwa uye kusona Studio uye kushomeka pachake zvinhu anoparadzirwa pano zvakare. Asi TSUM (inopangidza pamusoro abbreviations pamusoro) ikozvino muri zvose zvaifanira kuva wechipiri.

Pasinei neizvi, muchitoro richiri rinobhadhara. Panzira, zvakanga pakati wokutanga zvigadzirwa vakatanga kupa vashandi chikwereti.

Sezvo 1933 Central Department Store, kekutanga muna USSR, akatanga kutengesa umbozha zvinhu panguva dzakakwirira mitengo.

Cum panguva uye pashure pehondo

Zvisinei, muchitoro haana refu achimisa - Mukuru Patriotic War. Panguva iyi, nzvimbo Central Department Store hwachinja. Zvino aro okumusoro Uriri vakanga vatendeukira mudzimba. Uye pasi akaramba zvokutengesa, asi chete vashandi uye chete neSvondo. ino kusvikira pakuguma hondo.

Pashure kuhwina yakazara basa rimwe dhipatimendi chitoro rakadzorerwa mu pfupi zvichibvira nguva. Uyezve, kuva nechokwadi kuti zvinodiwa vatengi nokuti Central Department Store kuponesa chikamu mafekitari Soviet uye zvirimwa vaifanira kupa nhamba amatura zvinhu zvakakwana.

Zvinosuruvarisa kunaka nhumbi hwaipa, sezvo mukuru pokutanga aiva nhamba yavo. Kusangana kukura kudiwa, kuti mafekitari kazhinji kusunungura zvigadzirwa zvinosemesa quality, uye vatengi nokuda kwokushayiwa nani vakamanikidzwa kutora, kuti. Kuti aite izvi, taifanira kumirira kwemaawa tungamidzana.

Mune zvisingawanzoitiki zviitiko, Central Department Store anogona kutengwa uye dzimwe zvinhu. Zvisinei, zvakanga zvisingawanzoitiki uye incredible nemhanza. Dzimwe nguva, kuti vauraye rokutengesa plan, kushomeka uye kupinza zvinhu zvakananga pfekai kutengeswa pakupera kwemwedzi kana pamberi mazororo anokosha.

Mumakore 70-80. muchitoro vakatanga nguva kwacho. Kuti optimize basa ,, wakatangwa kuzvidzora basa mugadziriro, uyewo itsanangudzo mubhadharo hurongwa.

Ngwanda of Soviet Union

Pashure pokuwa kweSoviet Union Cum akaramba zvivepo, asi anofanira kuchinja kumusika upfumi. Kuti izvi zvidaro, muna 1992 zvakanzi ikava wemari kambani kumonwa. yemarudzi nyoro akanga akatakurwa ari makore mashomanana kuwana vanoita uye vakatendeutswa chitoro chivakwa.

The weNobel raiva boka German ReDesign Einrichtung GmbH, nokuedza rokutengesa nzvimbo kwakawedzera Cum. The chitoro wakashandurwa. It kwakapera dzokuwedzera masitepisi uye kupaka nokuda motokari, elevators yakaiswa. Uyewo, kuti hurongwa rave optimized basa uye muripo. Uye muna 1997, TSUM akazviratidza vatengi nenzira itsva, zvimwe ano chimiro.

Cum nhasi

Wakabata pamwe yokuti Cum kwakadaro, uye kuongorora nhoroondo yaro, ngatiregei munoziva zvinhu zviri ichi chitoro zvinhu nhasi.

Mukutanga 2000s kurapa kunotenga centre akatora pamusoro Mercury. Nemhaka yake kutanga nhasi kuti Central Department Store, anozivikanwa kure kunze kwenyika. Zvino mundima yayo havasi chete zvitoro, asiwo akazarura 3 cafes, yakaoma kuchenesa uye runako Salons.

Uyezve, TSUM ano iri vachishingaira mune zvemagariro upenyu. It inoshanyirwa unyanzvi, pikicha uye videovystavki uye rudo zviitiko.

Asi pane ichi vakawanda chitoro nekuipira. Izvi zvaisanganisira nguva dzose zvakanaka pfungwa okushambadza mukati Central Department Store. Rinobatanidzwa zvinonyadzisa vanoverengeka. Sezvineiwo, zvitoro centre Kutarisira anzwe vatengi uye kusangana zvikumbiro zvavo.