Analysis pamusoro mukaka: nzira, ongororo unyanzvi uye vanorumbidza

Mukaka - wokutanga zvokudya chichizouya muviri achangozvarwa. Chinhu zvinovaka muviri mvura kuti neve mammary mumasero nevakadzi. Pane mamiriro ezvinhu kuti inoda kuongorora mukaka, kuitira kuti asarudze ayo unhu zviratidzo uye iratidzwe kusavapo pathological zvigare zviri murwiyo.

Chii?

Mazuva mashoma okutanga pashure kuberekwa vakadzi pazamu mumasero regai secrete mukaka uye colostrum. Hazvina zvinovaka zvikuru uye zvishoma mafuta. With muviri wemwana ari nevakabva colostrum rinobatsira microflora uye zvinoenderana kuti kwokunze kwezvakatipoteredza.

It ane laxative nomugumisiro, unokurudzira kukurumidza kupora muviri mushure mwana vasiri jaundice, tibvunze kuti simba rokuzvidzivirira, rine mukuru uwandu mapuroteni, immunoglobulins, uye ascorbic acid.

Chaizvoizvo mukaka anouya mumazuva 3-5 pashure kuzvarwa kwemwana. sezvamunoita Its ndiko:

• mvura - 85%;
• mapuroteni - kusvika 1%;
• Mafuta - kusvika 5%;
• makabhohaidhiretsi - vanenge 7%;
• munhu hormonally kushingaira fuma;
• macro- uye micronutrients;
• mavhitaminzi.

The Zvinoumba mukaka kuchinja zvichienderana nemakore mwana. Up mwedzi mitanhatu ari mwana mukuru kudiwa kwemafuta uye mapuroteni, izvo zvinoderedza pashure kusvika 6 pemwedzi. Saka, mukaka inova zvishoma zara mafuta, akaderedza uwandu mapuroteni. In zvakafanana, kuwedzera carbohydrate kunoitika zvicherwa zvakafanira kuti zvakakodzera paumbwe zvetsandanyama nemapfupa uye tsinga.

Tusingaoneki mumukaka

Vaifunga kuti mukaka waamai zvachose chena, asi ongororo dzakawanda dzakaratidza kuti aripo Zvinoumba mikana microbial utachiona kuti agare ganda, mucous membranes, kuti intestinal turakiti womunhu tisingazvikuvadzi naye. Zvadai, somuenzaniso panyaya rutapudzo kuna kutapata, pamwe chikosoro, sezvo zvirwere, utachiona kuyambukira zvinoyerera pathogenic tusingaoneki kunyatsoratidza kuwanda.

Mushure kuonana yokupedzisira mumuviri mwana kana kupa, ivo kutsamwisa kukura wandei zvirwere:

• enterocolitis;
• anogumbura zvirwere ganda uye mucous membranes;
• dysbiosis.

How kuziva nayo utachiona?

Kujekesa hunhu uye mhando utachiona hwakakura, izvo zvinoita kuti pave pathological ezvinhu ari mwana, zvinokwanisika, kana kupfuura chityu mukaka kuti ongororo. Izvi yakananga muedzo kuziva kwete chete kuvapo pathogenic tupukanana tusingaoneki, asiwo kuona utetsa zvayo nemishonga.

Mukaka kuti ongororo kutora vakadzi vose vari kuyamwisa hazvisi zvakakodzera. Zvinoratidza nokufungirana chirwere mumuviri mwana uye anogumbura ezvinhu maererano mammary mumasero waamai.

The kuongorora mukaka rinoitwa zvinotevera nyaya:

• kakawanda purulent maronda paganda mwana;
• Kuratidza dysbiosis;
• kugara yokuvamba netsvina nebhitumini mitema specks mu mutsvina yadzo mwana;
• zviratidzo kuzvimba kubva kenza mai yemazamu (marwadzo, akatsvuka, fivha, kuvapo purulent secretions kubva munyatso);
• Low kufuta ari mwana pamwe mumwe kupfuura ezvinhu.

Terms mukaka muunganidzwa

Kuti mumaoko pamusoro kuongorora mukaka, zvakakodzera kuchengeta zvimwe mitemo kuti muunganidzwa yavo:

1. Gadzirai mudziyo nokuda zvinhu. Izvi zvinogona kutengwa mune chezvinodhaka chaiyo mikombe kana nezvirongo zvakagadzirwa negirazi, asi pre-yakabikwa pamwe lids.
2. Nokuti mumwe nomumwe chityu chinofanira nomumwe kunzi mudziyo.
3. Geza maoko nesipo uye muchipfuva.
4. Wokutanga 10 Rine mamiririta decant aparadzane nekuti havana kushandiswa pakudzidza.
5. Next, 10 ml mumwe shwanu decant akaparadzana midziyo uye zvakasimba yakavharwa.

Analysis kuti mukaka ndiyo anoratidza migumisiro, kana mashoko acho runopiwa murabhoritari mukati 2 maawa namarudzi muunganidzwa. Yemanyorero mugumisiro akagadzirira pavhiki.

Zvokudya kutsunga zvigare mumukaka

The World Health Organization haatori izvozvo chikonzero kusiya achiyamwa pamberi utachiona vari mukaka waamai, sezvo utachiona izvi zvinowedzera kugadzirwa antibodies nehadzi muviri, uye ivo, akavapindurawo, vasawira nemudumbu mwana, kuidzivirira.

Kana zvigare, asi kusavapo anogumbura pezvakaitwa vari mai, achiyamwa anonzi yakachengeteka.

Kana akawanikwa anonzi Staphylococcus, mai akagadza nemishonga, pamwe aanoda zvishoma chepfu (cephalosporins, macrolides, penicillins). Panguva kugashira mwana mishonga inokurudzirwa kushandisa kune utano zamu, nguva decanting achirwara.

Kana Detective zviratidzo staphylococcal noutachiona uye mai mwana rinoitwa zvose kurapa. Mwana ane chirwere kwacho unoratidzwa zvinotevera:

• Conjunctivitis - Meso vakatendeukira yakashapa, pane purulent zvinoyerera pamakona, achabatsirwa kuzvimba uye erythema;
• omphalitis - kuzvimba uye akatsvuka pakati umbilicus, kuvapo purulent buditsa;
• stafilodermiya - paganda matema pamwe purulent mukati, yakapoteredzwa hyperemic denderedzwa rechiedza;
• enterocolitis - sunungurai zvituru kusvika 10 kanomwe pazuva, mutsvina yadzo hwakakanyiwa kwomudumbu kurwadziwa ropa uye madzihwa,, kuda kurutsa, kurutsa.

Kunyatsoongorora zvabuda

Analysis kuti mukaka anogona 4 musimboti results:

1. No microflora kukura. mugumisiro Izvi kushoma chaizvo, sezvo vakawanda mukaka hakusi chena.
2. Kuvapo pathogenic microflora ari zvinobvumidzwa zvizhinji. Izvi zvinoreva kuti pane vashoma tusingaoneki mumukaka, izvo regai kuva nengozi kuti muviri raamai uye mwana.
3. Kuvapo pathogenic tusingaoneki iri mari shoma pane 250 dzaitongwa cfu / Rine mamiririta. Izvi zvinoreva kuti okuva ngozi dzakadyarwa, asi aenzane uri mukati kwomuzvarirwo mwero, uye saka vakachengeteka.
4. Kuvapo pathogenic tusingaoneki mune mari dzinopfuura 250 dzaitongwa cfu / Rine mamiririta. Yakadaro musimboti kunoda kurapwa uye asiri uchiyamwisa.

Vamiririri utachiona zvinogona kudyarwa:

• Salmonella;
• E. coli;
• Vibrio cholerae;
• Klebsiella;
• notumwe of genus Candida;
• Anonzi Staphylococcus aureus;
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Chero nhamba kungaratidzwa pamusoro chimiro pachisara kududzirwa zvabuda ane kuita chiremba.

Munhu akaidza nokuti kutsunga mafuta kugutsikana

Fat kugutsikana - nechiidzo inokosha kuti kunokanganisa saturation uye utano hwakanaka mwana. kushaikwa kwayo inoendesa ndechokuti mwana ari havaratidzi kuwana uremu, uye yakakwirira mafuta tigutsikane kungava provocateur dysbiosis.

Nokuti yakarurama mugumisiro anofanira ndaitora mukaka "shure". Ndicho inotonhorera fluid iyo anopinda muviri mwana mushure "pamberi" ine yakawanda mvura uye lactose. Mukaka aiitirwa pamwe sulfuric asidhi izvo chinokurwadzai kurasikirwa mafuta ari pellet. mafuta pamwero Akatsunga vachishandisa butyrometer. The Kuongororwa mafuta mukaka une zvinotevera kuita mitemo: 3.5-3.8%.

zvimwe zvidzidzo

Kune akawanda Analyses kuti mukaka yokuziva Qualitative uye quantitative sezvamunoita:

• tinyatsonzwisisa zviratidzo chaizvo nerukudzo;
• antibody siyana.

1. Kutsunga of inorwara mukaka

The zviratidzi kutaridzwa reshiyo kwemapurotini uye mafuta. Zvichienderana mukaka sei vakakura, nhamba dzingasiyana. Material chidzidzo ikaunganidzwa ne 1-1.5 awa pashure zvokudya mwana. Murabhoritari, mukaka yakadururirwa girazi chubhu uye uchiita hydrometer yake. Kunyatsoongorora migumisiro kunoenderana tembiricha mukamuri umo kudzidza chaiitirwa.

Normal kwokufananidzira - 1,026-1,036, akapa kuti tembiricha ^anenge 15 C. Kana tembiricha ichiwedzerwa kana yakaderera kuti dhigirii nerimwe migumisiro anowedzerwa kana subtracted ukuwo, 0,001.

2. Hazvizivikanwi antibodies mu mukaka

Immunoglobulin nhanho mu mukaka waamai yakasiyana siyana nguva upenyu. Mumazuva okutanga pashure pokuberekwa kusvikira zvipfuva kubereka colostrum immunoglobulin dzinoverengeka makurusa. Kuderedzwa pakupera vhiki yokutanga uye vakaramba panguva ino pamwero nokuda 8-10 mwedzi.

In zviduku zvakawanda rine immunoglobulins M, G, interferon, mainterleukin, macrophage, lymphocytes.

Where kuisa pamusoro kuongorora mukaka

Research chiri kuitwa private zvekuchipatara mumarabhoritari. mutengo wavo kunobva uye nzira inoshandiswa vakashandisa ruzivo. Rizowedzerwa gona yacho pachangu kana pamusoro dzinoenda chiremba zvokunyama, kunyora mirayiridzo pamusoro kuongorora. Mukaka, izvo kusabereka kunokosha nokuti mai, chinhu chinokosha pakuumba utano ramangwana mwana, izvo zvinoreva kuti unofanira kuita zvose zvataigona kuti tirambe lactation kwenguva yakareba sezvingabvira.