Alfred Garrievich Shnitke: Biography, okugadzira zvinhu

Alfred Schnittke, Biography zvinhu uye izvo zvichashandiswa zvinotsanangurwa munyaya ino, akanga asiri chete kunyora kukuru, asiwo musicologist uye mudzidzisi. Uyu murume mukuru andisiya chiratidzo chikuru munhoroondo, sezvo zvaakasika vachiri vapenyu.

udiki

Soviet uye Russian munyori ndiye Alfred Garrievich Shnitke. Biography wake akadzidza mimhanzi zvikoro zvose munyika. Akaberekerwa muna 1934 mutaundi Shona mumhuri yacho Volga eGermany. Ndaivawo midzi vechiJudha. Baba munyori akaberekwa muFrankfurt am Main. Pazera remakore 13, mukomana yakatamira nevabereki vake kuMoscow. Pazera 16, akachinja zvakare yaaigara uye vakatamira Pokrovsky, apo akatanga kushanda ari wenhau. Vabereki vake vakaramba vari muguta guru.

mai munyori wacho, Mary losifovna Vogel, akaberekwa mumusha Kamenka. Vabereki vake vaiva colonists, vatama vachibva Germany. Munguva yehondo, baba yemberi wenziyo ainzi nechemberi. Alfred uye munun'una wake vakatumirwa kuMoscow kuna mbuya nasekuru. Amai uye muimbi baba kutaura kune mumwe nomumwe German. Vana kutanga kuzvidzidziswa. Asi gare gare vakatanga kutaura naye amai German, asi baba vake pamusoro Russian. Music Alfred Schnittke kwakatanga makore 11.

The tevera dambudziko

Pashure pehondo, remangwana munyori uye mhuri yake vakatamira Vienna. baba vake vakatumwa basa. Rakanga ikoko muna 1946, Alfred Schnittke akatanga dzidzo yake mimhanzi. Makore maviri gare gare mhuri kuRussia. Vakagara noruwa. Muna 1958, Schnittke kudzidza Conservatory iri murwiyo mukirasi, uye nokukurumidza kudzidza. Muna 1961 akatanga kudzidzisa. Mumakore 70 ayo chikuru zvakaoma ainyora nziyo mafirimu.

Muna 1990, Alfred Garrievich nomudzimai wake uye mwanakomana kuenda Germany. Kusvikira kumugumo woupenyu hwake munyori hazvina yokusika basa, pasinei nokuti vakatambura kurohwa matatu. Akadzidzisa, akanyora nziyo. Alfred Schnittke akafa muHamburg, August 3, 1998. Akavigwa Moscow. Munyori akanga paakavapa mubayiro uye musoro "Kukudzwa Artist of RSFSR". Nezvake, anonzi vanoverengeka vave filmed. Music ne Alfred Schnittke kunoratidzwa anotaurisa, neshekeri, kunzwisisa.

mhuri

Munyori mukuru Alfred Schnittke Biography zvaisazova kwakakwana kana kwaisava nokuda nyaya mhuri yake. Alfred Garrievich akanga akaroora kaviri. Mudzimai wake wokutanga akanga Galina Koltsov. With payo, munyori haana kurarama kwenguva yakareba. Mudzimai Alfred Schnittke rechipiri kwaiva Pianist Irina Kataeva. Takaroorana Munyori mwanakomana wake Andrew. Kusuma ramangwana Vakaroorana kwakaitika apo ndaiva mudzidzi Alfred Irene Garrievich. muchato wavo aiva mufaro chete. With Irina K. Schnittke akararama kusvikira parufu rwake.

Mabasa dzakakurumbira

Munyori Shnitke A. G. akanyora vazhinji mabasa, pakati zviri symphonic, mukamuri, chikuva, choral, dzemanzwi uye dzezviridzwa.

List zvikuru chinzvimbo mabasa:

• Opera "Life ane Nemurubaka".
• Ballet "Kuda Gynt".
• Opera "Gesualdo".
• Stage sezvamunoita "Yellow Sound".
• Choreographic kufungidzira "yokunyora nokudhirowa".
• Opera "regumi Murayiro".
• "Labyrinths" kutamba.

dzimwe ounyanzvi

Alfred Schnittke, ane Biography ari munyaya ino ndiyo munyori anotevera mabasa:

• Symphony.
• Pianissimo.
• Gogol Suite.
• "Tsika".
• Sonata nokuti gitare chamber kwaya.
• Suite muna Old Style.
• "Vagara Nature" (basa mukadzi manzwi uye vibraphone).
• Madrigals matatu.
• Oratorio "Nagasaki".
• "Book yokusuruvara" (a konzati kuti korasi).
• Gala mucheto.
• Pieces matatu Harpsichord.

Uyewo Munyori akasika zvinopfuura chimwe konzati. Schnittke akanyora vave zvakasiyana zviridzwa uye vairidza.

Concerts of wenziyo;

• Nokuti piyano uye chikwata chevaimbi.
• Nokuti oboe, rudimbwa uye hungiso.
• Nokuti gitare uye chikwata chevaimbi.
• Concerto Grosso: № 1, № 2, № 3, № 4, № 5, № 6.
• For Viola uye Orchestra.

Uye mamwe mabasa mazhinji.

Music uye Movies

Music Shnitke A. G. rinonzwika mumafirimu akawanda Soviet akapfura pamakore 60-90 remakore rechi20.

Pakati mifananidzo iyi:

• "The Belarusian Railway Station".
• "Shevedza moto."
• "Glass Harmonica".
• "Hot Snow".
• "Dancer muchikepe."
• "Autumn".
• "Rikki-Tikki-Tavi".
• "Sei Czar Peter Mukuru Married Off Frizington Yake."
• "The Crew".
• "The zvakaedza Travel".
• "A kufarira evoruzhinji."
• "Ward Number Six".
• "Tenzi uye Margarita".

Uye vamwe vazhinji.

Legend pakati nezvimwe

In mumhanzi nyika, pane mashura pamusoro chituko rechipfumbamwe nezvimwe. Zvakatanga musana pamwe L. V. Bethovena. Chiratidzo chokuti vanyori zvose kufa nokukurumidza pashure kunyora nezvimwe nokuda mapfumbamwe makamuri. rusaruro ichi rwunoverengerwa pamwe Mahler. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti zviri kutanga akaona chiratidzo. Somuenzaniso, Leviticus Beethoven akafa paaishanda achinyora ake rechipfumbamwe nezvimwe. Vamwe Vanyori vakanga atambura chituko ichi: A. Bruckner, Dvorak, Schubert, M. Arnold, A. Glazunov, Kurt Atterberg, Egon Welles, uye vamwe.

Hongu, chaizvo? Lv Beethoven akafa apo kushanda nezvimwe №9. Asi iwe haugoni, maererano vaongorori vakawanda vanofunga kuti A. Bruckner akatambudzikawo zvinoitirwa. Nekuti kuti nezvimwe izvo akanga akanyorwa pana nhamba pfumbamwe, ari chokwadi wechigumi. Munyori uyu ane zvakawanda nezvimwe unonzi razero. Sam A. Bruckner asina kuverengwa, nokuti ndakafunga kuti chete kudzidzira basa ruzivo uye hautorwi pakati vamwe, asi ivepo haagoni kufungwa.

Gustav Mahler akanga vakapesana ichi uye vakariona sechinhu rakavanzika uye otherworldly. Pandaishanda pamusoro repfumbamwe nezvimwe akasarudza circumvent chituko ichi. Pakazosvika nguva akanyora "Rwiyo Nyika" uye akaritumidza munhu nezvimwe. Nokudaro zvakaitika kuti pfumbamwe mabasa aya kare zvakanyorwa, uye yave kushanda pamusoro chegumi. Munyori akasarudza kubiridzira mugumo. Akakwanisa kupedzisa ake nezvimwe №9. Asi pandaishanda pazuva rechigumi akafa.

Franz Schubert chaizvoizvo akanyora pfumbamwe symphonies. Asi vaviri vakanga konekwa. Dvorak akanyorawo pfumbamwe symphonies. Asi Yokutanga yakanyorwa naye muupenyu hwake haana mabasa, sezvo ivo vanoonekwa vakarasika. Kubva muenzaniso uyu aenda uye A. G. Shnitke. Iye akanyora pfumbamwe symphonies chaizvo. Uye pakupedzisira ndakanyora chete asati afa. Panguva chikumbiro wechirikadzi munyori Nikolai Korndorf paaivatambudza recreating nayo. Panguva basa iri, akafa. Alexander akaipedza kare Raskatov.

Asi kusvikira ikozvino, asina kuwanirwa kuti kune Chiitiko here kubatwa somunhu akatukwa, uye kwete sezvinoita Zvakangoitikawo. Vazhinji Vanyori vakadaro uye uyo akanyora nezvimwe anopfuura mapfumbamwe (10, 12, 17, 27 uye kunyange 67). Pakati pavo: .. A. Pettersson, Eduard Tubin, N. Myaskovsky, D. Diamond, G. Cowell, E. Rabbra A. Hovaness, M. Weinberg, etc. Nikita Bogoslovsky akanyora 8 symphonies. Worusere, akapa zita "Last". Vakawanda mabasa chimiro ichi haina re. Munyori kunobva ndechokuti akati zvose Ndaida ari symphonic Genre. Asi vazhinji vakati kuti ndiye vachitya chituko. Kunyange pashure kunyorwa worusere nezvimwe wenziyo akarega kunyora uye vachiimba.