Acidic ivhu: zviratidzo. How kukurira acidic ivhu?

The acidity ivhu iri zvachose novimba kuvapo alkali zvinhu. Zvichienderana parameter ichi, ivhu rinogona zvitatu marudzi. Govera ivhu acidic, alkaline uye kwavakarerekera. Pasinei nokuti vamwe nhengo chirimwa umambo akaita ivhu rurefu indekisi ichi, mumwe ivhu shoma randaifarira.

acidity indekisi

The acidity ivhu iri kunorondedzerwa pfuma yaro kuti kunoenderana wevasungwa rehydrogen ions. Hazvina OH muchimiro mhinduro ph, i.e. nemvura chokutambudzika ivhu pachayo. The ukoshi runoratidzwa giremu-neShanduro por fő.

Acidic ivhu (sezvo vakatsunga pamusoro) inozivikanwa nokuda ph pazasi nomwe, i.e., nhamba H + ions idukusa OH- ions (nhamba iri kwazvakarerekera, kuti kunoratidzwa nhamba 7).

Sei kuona acidity?

Set parameter ichi pamba zvikuru nyore. Kuti aite izvi dzakagadzirirwa chitoro kutenga yakatarwa kuti kuyera acidity ivhu, rinosanganisira zvimwe yakawanda litmus. Uyezve, unofanira kugadzirira vanonzi ivhu mushoma (imwe chikamu ivhu kuwedzera zvikamu zvishanu mvura). Inogona Hood ichi anofanira zvakanaka kuzunungusa kwekanguva ndoga runodzivirira. Zvino zvinogoneka iri mvura riri pamusoro emadhaka, kuisa litmus bvunzo. Pamusoro kuonana nemvura, izvozvo anoshandura ruvara rwayo, iyo anofananidzwa ane template.

Acidic ivhu, zviratidzo izvo zvinorondedzerwa munyaya ino, dzinoratidzwa zvinotevera papepa mavara: mutema, nezvakarukwa zvitema-girini uye mutema.

Chii miti anoratidza acidic ivhu?

Acidic ivhu (sei kuti vanokurondedzera pamba, pamusoro) waidiwa miti yakawanda, pasinei nokuti kuvapo kwayo mubindu kana necheseri anogona kununura yakawanda nematambudziko.

Plants kuti kurarama bedzi pamusoro nevhu dzakadaro dzinonzi acidophilia. Kuziva chii zvikara rekushongedzesa akaita chete ivhu yakadaro, kuona acidity kunogona kuva uye pasina kuita namakemikari nemiedzo. On nevhu dzakadaro kazhinji kukura:

• horsetail;
• zvakarungwa diki;
• Moss;
• Caustic buttercup;
• blueberries;
• zvakarungwa;
• pamusoro zvishoma acidic nevhu anogona kuwanikwa Heather, ferns uye cornflowers.

Zvisinei, chinofanira kufungawo kuti zvirimwa zvakawanda hava- nokufamba duku iri chinoratidza, anokwanisa kuchinja edaphic zvinhu (a seti kwemakemikari zvivako ivhu uye mumuviri ayo unhu). Naizvozvo, nokuti migumisiro neyakarurama Zvinokurudzirwa kuti huwandu alkali zvinhu muvhu achishandisa litmus bvunzo.

Kana isu nezvazvo mubindu zvirimwa, ivhu acidic (zviratidzo zviri nyore chaizvo kuti kurangarira) hakusi zvichida kufadza mumwe inonyatsozivikanwa vamiririri. Zvichida vamwe vavo pokumera panguva ph pedyo kwazvakarerekera, zvakadai Quince, akasiyana mhando maapuro, mahabhurosi uye blackberries, uyewo madomasi, zvakarungwa, hanyanisi, mbatatisi uye manhanga. Kuziva zviratidzo acidic ivhu mubindu kuvandudza ivhu ezvinhu zviri chaizvo nyore. Izvi zvinogoneka kuburikidza okusuma zvimwe zvinhu. Vamiririri maruva kasvisto acidic ivhu (sei kubata nayo, unogona kuona kubva nyaya) yakakodzera irises, delphiniums, vamwe maruva, coniferous zvinomera uye Roses vakawanda.

Other kuonekwa nzira

Batsirai kuziva acidity iri mudziyo unokosha Alyamovsky. Ichi rinokosha akagadzirwa reagents, chinangwa chikuru chiri kuitisa ivhu kuongorora mushoma (nokuti kuenzanisa kubva atakatora maviri: munyu uye mvura). Uyewo, rinosanganisira ane chokukomborerwa potassium chloride mhinduro, zvibereko uye ivhu. Analysis zvakafanana nezvaishandiswa mune litmus zviuno.

Panewo mudziyo rakaitirwa kuona acidity ivhu, apo azadzise akawanda mabasa:

• Kutsunga acidity;
• mwando;
• tembiricha;
• ivhu jekeso.

Pane nzira yechivanhu. Somuenzaniso, achishandisa shizha the currant kana Cherry. Vanofanira brewed pamwe kufashaira mvura, ipapo inotonhorera. Next, wedzera mamwe yakawanda ivhu. Ruvara mvura uye kuona acidity ivhu. Kana mvura yakachinja ruvara vayo mutsvuku, ivhu acidic.

ari acidity ivhu kuti miti sei?

Nokuti vakawanda chirimwa ivhu acidity - rinokosha chaizvo parameter, inova pakusarudza miti zvinofanira kufungwa. Izvi kuitira kuti hapana kutyora simba chirimwa, uyewo kudzidza kwauchaita ari kudiwa pahunhu. Kana unadapted zviitiko akariisa pamusoro acidic nevhu, izvozvo vanotyisidzira senitrogen nenzara, kunyanya panguva mamiriro rwakashata ekunze, kunyanya munguva kuchinaya uye tembiricha iri ashaye. It vanoonekwa kuratidzwa chlorosis mashizha, unotanga tibatsirwe chirimwa pamwe mutsinga, uye ipapo rinobva kuna yakapoteredza tishu. Chisingafaniri kuvhiringidzwa kwomuzvarirwo kukwegura, yeuka okupedzisira rinotanga zvinyama pakati mutsinga uye mutsinga pachavo kwechinguva kuramba girini.

Uyezve, acidic ivhu (iyo inokura payo, pamusoro) inozivikanwa inonzi yakapedza aruminiyamu nedare munyu, izvo zvingaita kuti chokwadi kuti phosphoric asidhi miti kwete kunyura. High rakawanda munyu izvi muvhu kungaita kuti calcium, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium uye molybdenum asiri kupinda munzvimbo chirimwa rinenge uye kubatsira kuderedza zvibereko. Phototoxicity yakaipa uye nezvimwe zvinhu zvakadai mhangura, zingi uye Boron. Plants dzisina kujairana kukura pamusoro acidic nevhu yakatanga havaratidzi, mudzi branching iri yakaturikwa, Absorção de Água nezvimwe zvokudya yekudyidzana Zvinoipisisa, zviratidzo ane acidic ivhu iri nzvimbo kuzviratidza.

Uyezve, ivhu kwakadaro kunogona dzikava doro, uye rezasi ari ph, zvikuru mukana wokuti waterlogging.

Acidic ivhu: sei kubata tichibatsirwa fetiraiza?

Imwe nzira, iyo unokubvumira nokukurumidza kuderedza acidity ivhu - fetiraiza. For zvinangwa izvi anowanzoita tora potassium sulfate kana Ammonium chloride uye akakodzera potassium, yavaibvisa kana karusiyamu nitrate kana superphosphate. Izvi imhaka yokuti pakatanga chaizvoizvo mhando idzi fetiraiza miti kukura acidic nevhu, muri anions kupfuura cations. Panguva iyi yakanaka cations kuramba muvhu, iyo inotungamira wayo alkalization.

Kushandisa fetiraiza izvi pachena zvikamu, tinogona kuva nechokwadi chokuti muvhu ph kune dzose.

Kana nzira dzakasiyana-siyana kwakaratidza kuti une acidic ivhu, zvokuita muchirimo? Unogona kushandisa turusi riri kudenga nepanyika. Zvemazvirokwazvo akakodzera chero rwevhu (kana usina chokwadi kuti munda wako acidic ivhu, zviratidzo izvo zvinotsanangurwa pamusoro). Ichi urea. Kana hyperacidity zvishoma ivhu alkalisation zvinogona kuitwa nayo.

Asi Ammonium nitrate zviri nani kwete kushandisa nokuti unogona kuwana vanetsane.

Kushandiswa kwesuko

Nzira vakawanda rokurwisa ivhu acidity richiri chalking. Izvi imhaka yokuti kwesuko anokwanisa kubvisa sehydrogen, uye aruminiyamu ivhu rakaorera akaturikidzana, dzichiritsiva navo magnesium uye calcium yakawanda. The repasi nhamba ph, chikuru ivhu inoda liming.

nzira iyi zvinosanganisira kuita pasi reraimu (dolomite inogona nyore kutsiviwa) kuti kudzika hapana kupfuura 20 cm. Zvadaro, zvikuru pasi dira mvura. Frequency kwesuko kunofanira kuva kamwe ose 5 makore (dzimwe nguva, zvinogona kuitwa zvakawanda kana zvishoma kakawanda, zvichienderana iine acid kukosha). Mukuru Huwandu vakashandisa kwesuko zvinoda nevhu nevhu, rakadzika - jecha.

Zvakanakira nzira iyi vari pachena:

• neutralization ivhu acidity inotungamirira kukura zvigare kuti muivhu uye dzinoshanda paumbwe vazhinji chirimwa zvinovaka muviri, zvakadai senitrogen kana phosphorus;
• yeimwe pamusoro manganese uye aruminiyamu uende yayo akaneta chimiro, mauri chepfu Migumisiro zvinhu izvi pamusoro mbesa ipfupi kwazvo;
• Absorção de Água kuti potassium, phosphorus uye molybdenum iri kusashanda;
• Kunowedzera kunyatsoshanda okuzivisa vamwe fetiraiza, akadai mupfudze.

Pamwe pakatanga pamusoro reraimu kana dolomite raida fertilization, izvo hunopfumiswa pamwe Boron sezvo yeimwe pakati Boron uye manganese vanorasikirwa mufambo yavo.

The zvikuru nzira kudzikisa acidity

Acidic ivhu, zviratidzo izvo zvambotaurwa munyaya ino kuvandudza, kana kupfeka wake chirimwa girini mupfudze. Vanokwanisa rokumutsa ph.

miriwo yakadai dzinosanganisira:

• rye;
• oats;
• Representatives bhinzi
• lupins;
• Phacelia.

Kuti vabudirire, nzira iyi yokudyara zvinofanira kuitwa kakawanda pagore kwemakore akatevedzana kwemakore akawanda.

Nzira iyi anonzi yakachengeteka, sezvo haruitiri chero utachiona kuti kurarama pakadzika muvhu uye vanotambura zvikuru calcium kwesuko, kana zvinomera, izvo zvichange munzvimbo kukura kana pasi.

Other zvinoreva kuvandudza acidic nevhu

gadziriro karusiyamu tubhokisi vari kusvika pamwero kukwanisa kuvandudza ivhu quality, kana kuongorora kwakaratidza kuti ivhu iri nzvimbo acidic (zvokuita muchirimo, anogona kuwanikwa munyaya ino). Zvinhu izvi zvinosanganisira:

• particulate choko (zvinofanira milled, sieved, uye ipapo kuwedzera ivhu pa mwero 300 g choko pa 1 mamita ² ivhu pasi mamiriro simba acidity);
• peat dota (uwandu zvinodhaka izvi zvinofanira yekudyidzana kupfuura choko);
• huni dota (yakanakira jecha, jecha loam uye peat nevhu).

How kuwana acidic ivhu

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, pamberi murimi iri mubvunzo kwete sei kuderedza acidity ivhu, uye, Ukuwo, sei kurera nayo. Izvi imhaka yokuti vamwe miriwo zvirimwa vari kuita zvakanaka zvikonzero. Kushandiswa ichi sezvo fetiraiza machakwi peat, rinogona kuderedza yacho ph revarombo.

Kunyange kana matambudziko ivhu acidity panguva, nguva nenguva ongorora kwayo kuchiri kudiwa. Izvi zvinokosha kuti kutora tichiwana matanho kuvandudza hwevhu. Kuziva zviratidzo acidic ivhu mumunda uye mubindu, zvichiita kuti zvakati nyore.