Abbot: ndiani? First kuzvidzora dzemamongi

Abbot - murume zvachose hwakatsaurirwa mubasa raMwari uye avo munharaunda. Zvakaoma kutsanangura nemashoko ose mitoro uye mabasa kuwa pamapfudzi mumongi, akauya chinzvimbo ichi. Kunyange zvakadaro, havana mwoyo, nokuti mabasa avo ose inoitirwa kuponesa mweya dzakawanda - mubudise murima ino vanofa nyika.

Saka chete ndiani abbot pakati wemamongi? Ndezvipi mabasa ake? Uye yakakura sei musiyano vafundisi Orthodox uye kutenda Catholic?

The pakuonekwa rokutanga dzemamongi

Mushure mokukwira kwaJesu kudenga vateveri vake vakapararira munyika yose pamwe chete basa - kuunza shoko raMwari. Akafamba, zviremera zvakachinja nokukurumidza kupfuura mhepo mumunda, uye nawo atinoitwa vaKristu. Vakadzingwa kubva kwose kwose, zvakanzi vagamuchira sezvo achakudzwa vakokwa. Asi, pakupedzisira, vazhinji Europe vakacherechedza dzidziso itsva, iyo akabvumira vaKristu kuparidza pasina kutya.

Zvisinei, vakawanda vakatendeka vakavhiringidzwa uori uye irreligion akatonga maguta. Saka vakasarudza kusiya navo uye vanogara kure madding revanhu. Kubva IV remakore, dzemamongi muKristu wokutanga akaonekwa Europe.

Sezvingatarisirwa, chivakwa yakadaro inodiwa kuti munhu atarisire izvozvo. Uye hazvishamisi uye kuti pane zvakadai chinzvimbo sezvo abbot. Pakutanga, makatorike San vaipfeka yakasiyana zita (Abbot), uye vakazvipira kwariri Papa kana bhishopu. Kokutanga izvi munenge VI remakore.

dzemamongi Catholic

Kwemakore, basa dzemamongi munyika Catholic nyika zvakachinjira. Kubva zvatinosiita vakagara pakati mamongi, vakava unokosha wehurumende dzakabatana. Zvangoitikawo kuti abbot aigona kudzora dzose dzakanga chikamu nhaka yake. simba kwakadaro kwave godo nhengo dzakawanda yomunharaunda kwamachinda, uye saka vakaita zvavaikwanisa kugara pasi kuti murume wavo.

Zvave kunyange zvokuti mhuri youmambo pachavo kuvaritarira abbots. Zvikurukuru tsika iyi yaiva nzvimbo kuti paitonga ari Carolingian hwedzinza VII kuti X remakore. Zvisinei, nokufamba kwemakore, yeKaturike akatangazve simba, izvo akabvumira apiwa kuvaritarira abbots panguva nenjere dzavo.

The abbot of yemamongi Kievan Rus

Kievan Rus 988 gore kwave kukuru - zvino kwakanga kuti Prince Vladimir akabhabhatidzwa vanhu vake. okutanga dzemamongi kuti semupi pokugara makore mashoma gare gare akazviratidza vose vaya vaida kuzvipira Mwari.

Ndoupi musiyano pakati yemamongi Kievan Rus kubva nevamwe vavo kubva Catholic Church? First chitsamba: Orthodox Rongai yaainge Byzantium, haana kupa kuvapo mirairo ino uye varwi tsvene. mamongi Russian vaiva vatendi nyore, kutungamirira munhu anozviramba upenyu.

Naizvozvo, chikuru basa iri abbot pakati wemamongi kwaiva kuramba tsika uye zvinhu nemamiriro wemamongi. Kureva muna yomudzimu, akatarisisa mamongi vanoita mabasa avo (kana muchitsanya kana chakavanzika munamato) uye zvichingodaro. Panyaya zvinhu kurutivi mubvunzo, kuti abbot aifanira arambe mari, kuongorora mamiriro zvivako, stocking zvinhu, uye taurirana achibatsirwa wacho kana muchinda dzemunharaunda, kana zvichidikanwa.

Modern akanyatsorongwa mune vakirisito dzemamongi

Kunyange zvazvo kubva pakuvambwa wemamongi rokutanga kwakaitika emakore akawanda, basa ravo dzidzo mumudzimu vakatendeka kumbochinja. Saka kwaizova zvikuru zvakakodzera kutaura ndiani Rector yeOrthodox wemamongi nhasi.

Zvino vapristi inodzora temberi kana yemamongi, inonzi abbots. Uyu chiremerera unokudzwa kwazvo, uye rinogona kuwanikwa chete mvumo Supreme rechina mufundisi weChirungu ainzi, kudzora diocese icho wemamongi ndohwavo. Kana abbot kumisa pacharo somutariri akachenjera uye vanoratidza kutenda kwavo, aizopa pamusoro nguva naye yepamusoro rokuremekedza - Archimandrite.

Asi abbot pakati wemamongi angava mupristi chinzvimbo yepamusorosoro. Uyezve, kudzorwa welaurel kazhinji hunogara pamapfudzi mutongo pamusoro diocese kana tateguru. Somuenzaniso, Utatu-rwacho Segiyo Lavra riri pasi kuitarisira svyaschennoarhimandritom Cyril.

Mabasa Abbot

Nhasi Basa wemamongi, uyewo emakore apfuura, zviri yakakura. It nhema yezvokunamata uye zvinhu zvinetso mhosva yake. Kunyanya, abbot ane zvinotevera mabasa:

• kuitisa ayaruka sezvo mumongi;
• It monitors zvaidiwa mitemo vakaisa pasi mutemberi;
• anodzora upenyu mamongi - vanotumirwa kune basa, nowenyika rava kusvika muLent, zvichitevera kuchena uye zvichingoenda;
• anotungamirira upristi mutemberi yake;
• inotaura nomutemo nyaya (kusaina zvibvumirano, kubhadhara zvikwereti, nokuchengeta rokudhinda temberi);
• kugadza nemamongi siyana nzvimbo inodiwa yemamongi.

Kurutivi magumo zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mabasa kuteererwa abbot pamusoro wemamonk, muri siyanei kubva avo kuti vakatakurwa parutivi utariri chechechi. Kunyanya, Amai Vakuru haina kuitwa netsika matsvene, sezvo mukutenda kwechiKristu, mukadzi haagoni kuva muprista.