A racketeer ... Ndiani ari racketeer?

Izwi rokuti "racketeer" kusvikira makore makumi mapfumbamwe nemakumi maviri emakore muU.SR, anenge asina munhu aiziva. Kuratidzika kwakadaro kwakasununguka uye kwakagadzirwa apo vagari venyika yedu vakawana ruzivo pamusoro pehupenyu hweMadokero enyika. Uye pamwe chete nazvo, kwete chete zvinhu zvakanaka zvakauya kwatiri, izvo zvakanga zviripo, asiwo zvakaipa. A racketeer ishoko rakava kadhi yemhosva munyika yedu.

Racketeer

Yakanga iri pakupera kwemazana makumi mapfumbamwe ezana remakore rapfuura kuti mhombwe, pamwe chete nekuputsika kwetsika kwemurairo, vakatyisidzira kuputsa munhu wacho, kukuvadza uye kuparadzwa kwenzvimbo iyo apo vagari vasingadi kubhadhara mutero. Izvi zvaive zvichienderana nekuchinja kwehupenyu hwehupfumi nehupfumi hwenyika. Icho chiitiko chebasa rakaipa munguva pfupi yakatevera yakava chimwe chezvinhu zvinobatsira zvikuru. Izvo zvinoreva izwi rokuti "racketeer" inomiririra wepasi, uyo, achishandisa kusachengeteka kwevagari vasati vasimba, vanovhiringidzika kusachengetedzwa kwemutemo kubva pamagariro avo pachavo. Icho chiitiko chebasa chakazozivikanwa sekunamatira.

Kuchengetedza mabasa

Kubva pamatongerwo enyika, izwi iri raireva kubatwa kwemhosva kune chikamu chemari kuburikidza nechisimba, kana "chinangwa" chisina kubvumirana nazvo. Basa iri rakava rakakurumbira zvikuru munguva idzi dziri kure. Yakazosvika pamucheto wekusaziva: apo vana vari mukorogi vakabvunzwa pamusoro pezvavanoda kuti vave, vazhinji vakati ivo "vaifambisa." Saka ndiani ari racketeer? Izwi iri raishandiswa nevamiriri vemasangano ezvemhosva vainge vari kuita mukutsinhanisa mukutsinhana kwekuchengetedza chikamu chemari kubva kumakambani nemakambani. Iyi maitirwo aizonzi mazita ekuchengetedzwa kwemasangano. Sangano rose rakaumbwa. Boka roga roga raiva nenharaunda yaro, iyo iyo yaibhadhara mitero yevatapi vebhizimisi zvisarudzo. Rudzi rwehurumende mukati mehurumende. Mumiriri wekuparwa kwemhosva kwaiva muteresi uye mutongi mukukakavadzana nevamwe vatengesi. Panguva imwecheteyo, mitemo yedare rakadaro yakasiyana kubva kune iyo yakagamuchirwa munyika.

Mitemo yekuderedza

Muchikamu chikuru, zvikwata zvevarwi vemapurisa zvakanyorerwa nevatambi vekare kana vemazuva ano, nokuti kazhinji vaifanira kushandiswa kushanda nevashambadziri vasina kukwanisa uye, somuenzaniso, kuranga varume vebhizimisi vasina simba. Sezvo mushure mekunge perestroika masangano akadai akashandurwa kuva makambani ekuchengetedzwa kwepamutemo. Kuparwa kwemhosva kwakave bhizinesi. Pakupera kwema1990 pasi pedenga rekugadzira zvikwata uye makambani ekuchengetedza, kusvika 90% yezvese zvekutengesa zvaivepo. Idzi dzose dzaiva, kunze kwevaya vaishanda pasi pezvinyorwa zvakananga zvemutemo. Kune marudzi akasiyana evapambi vemhosva:

- Racketeer yakafanana ne "denga", iro basa rayo rinosanganisira vatengesi vateresi;

- mhombwe pamusika anounganidza mari kubva kumakisikiti;

- varwi vari mumigwagwa, avo vanobatwa mukupamba muzvikoro, muchivanze shure dzimwe nguva zvinhu zvakanyanya kubhadhara;

- zvikwata zvezvivakwa, izvo zvakagadzirwa nevatashanyi;

- vanokwereta, avo vakatora mari yekuenda kune imwe nzvimbo;

- "varindi", avo vanoita zvikamu zvezvikwereti;

- masangano akatora basa rehurumende, akabvisa kusagutsikana kwevashandi.

Nhanho dzekuvandudza

Racket sechiitiko munhoroondo yaro yakapfuura mumatanho akasiyana ekuumbwa. Mumatambo ekutanga ekubudirira kwake, ainyanya kubatanidzwa mukurasikirwa kwakanyanya kwebatsiro kubva kune vanhu vaiita zvebhizimisi repamutemo kana chepamutemo. Racketeer akaita izvi nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana. Pachipiri chechipiri, chiitiko ichi chakatanga kuva nechekare. Racket yakatanga kutora mvumo nenzira yemamwe makambani ekuchengetedza, yakabatanidzwa muhupfumi hwemabhizimisi emabhizimisi, yakagadzira mabhizinesi ayo. Uye akatotanga padanho rechitatu rekukura kwake, akatanga kukurudzira zvinhu uye mabasa emakambani akadzivirirwa pamusika. Pamusana pemhando yakasarudzika yezvigadzirwa, mamiriro ekugadzirisa kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakasikwa. Mune mamwe mazwi, vatengesi vanobvumirana pane kutengesa kwezvinhu zvinoshandiswa "makambani akatsigira" kumabhizimisi avo vaiva munharaunda yavo uye vaiva pasi pavo. Nokudaro, varume vemabhizimisi aya vaisungirwa, kana, zvirokwazvo, vaida izvi, kutenga zvigadzirwa zvevashandi avo izvo zvavakange vaudzwa nevapamberi. Pachine chechina, danho rakakosha, kushandurwa kwebasa remhosva kune bhizimusi rekuchengetedzwa kwebasa kwakaitika. Nokudaro, racketeer inyanzvi yakave yatoenda kune yakapfuura, ichichinja kubva kune imwe, yakawanda yemutemo.