Virus H1N1: Zviratidzo, Mushonga uye Kudzivirira

Vanhu vazhinji havana zvakakomba yokuSpain, chikosoro kana tembiricha hapana kuenda kunorara uye havana kuona chiremba, asi nezviito. Nemavhairasi uye kuti zvakakodzera, nokuti chete hotsira rimwe Somuenzaniso, mune imwe yakazara bhazi, uye - voila - uri kuitwa! The H1N1 dzihwa, kubata nokutya kwazvo, kana mumwe dzihwa akawana yakawanda itsva vakaurayiwa. Sei? Nekuti mumwe anonyengera ose yokuSpain nemavhairasi ndiko kuparadzira kwavari kuburikidza kuenda neherikoputa mumate, tupukanana kwazvo nyore uye zvibereko. Wandinyengedzerei wavo wechipiri - rakasiyana nemamwe variability. Kana mutumbi wacho anotanga kubudisa antibodies kuti utachiwana rakapinda kuiparadza, anokurumidza anochinja maumbirwo mapuroteni ayo, kuva nadzurudzo itsva, uye apo akasara chete chirwere. Ndokusaka vose zvichiitika denda, uye vanachiremba kuva yokudzivirira itsva.

Nei inonzi penguruve besa

Vanhu vakawanda vanoziva kuti akanga achifamba rufu muna 20-ies wekupedzisira remakore muEurope pasi nezita "yeSpain". Vaienda muguva earthlings vanenge mamiriyoni 100. Munguva ichangopfuura, masayendisiti akadzidza zvakadzama mashoko akatorwa chitunha yeSpain vawirwa akavigwa permafrost, uye vakawana utachiwana H1N1. Hongu, ndizvo utachiona, izvo zvakakonzera imwe paine kupikisana kwakadaro muna 2009. Kwemakore, aiwanzotaura dzakachinja, achiva H2N2, ivo H3N2, ivo H1N2, neimwe nguva kukonzera denda itsva. Pane imwe nguva, utachiona angosimuka kubva munhu nguruve, akaderedzwa (mutated) mune imwe hondo itsva uye akava nguruve dzihwa kuti anogona kurarama chete nemhuka. Over nguva utachiona zvakare akarova murume, uye kuratidza kwaniso dzavo pachavo akasiyana, mutated zvakare, achichinja kuita muridzi itsva. Munguva iyi kwadzakabva itsva kugozha H1N1 akaita chete 50 nyaya renguruve dzihwa, uye vanhu, maererano hunhu mabasa ayo uchikurukura nemhuka. Kusachinja dzakabudirira mberi muchimiro utachiona aisagona chete kutapukira kubva nguruve kumunhu, asi kuramba kukanganisa itsva vanhu. Sezvo ane nokutambudzika chirwere rinonzi munguruve besa.

Chii AH1N1

Tsamba "H" muzita iri chisvetasimba kunoreva hemagglutinin - imwe puroteni riri pamusoro pemvura uye sevapristi yepakutanga gupa rinonamatira vanonetswa pamakamuri, nekuti pasina ndakabata, yokuSpain nemavhairasi vasiri kurarama. Kuti mhando "Zvikwekwe" chaivo anotamba inokosha rokuva waitirwa utachiwana kusarudza - munhu, mhuka kana shiri. Ndizvo chete Utachiona kashoma kukwanisa kurarama chero chipenyu muviri. Kunyange varipo kunze. Nokudaro, H1N1 Utachiona zvokuti ichiita mabasa akawanda, kuti kunogonawo kukanganisa shiri nemhuka, uye vanhu. Tsamba «N» rinoreva chinhu enzayemu neuraminidase. Iyewo zvachero mudziviriri utachiona kubudikidza antibodies. Uyezve, zvinobatsira kusiyanisa masero achangobva kuzvarwa nemavhairasi uye zvinopfuura kufema epithelium rechipfuwo hurongwa. The tsamba "A" ndiyo mhando utachiona. Panewo B uye C, asi A anoonekwa kuti vakawanda vaikwanisa nadzurudzo, uye nekuti zvikuru zvakaoma kufungidzira.

misiyano chirwere

H1N1 dzihwa haisi zvakawanda zvakasiyana kubva dzenhoroondo nemwaka uye vanhu vakawanda inoitika pasina chero matambudziko. Asi iye mumwe kusingafadzi chikabviswa - vamwe vawirwa unogona kukonzera chikuru nemavhairasi nemabayo, zvisingagone kurapwa pamwe nemishonga (ichi chakasiyana kwemabhakitiriya mabayo). Kana varwere pamwe H1N1 utachiwana kwakaita pakava muchimiro nemavhairasi nemabayo, haana vanotanga zvakanaka kurapwa pakutanga zviratidzo, Vanofa mukati mazuva. ezvinhu Izvi zvakaitika panguva kupararira 2009. The chikuru chinokonzera rufu kweanenge 2 zviuru vanhu. Chimwe musiyano kubva zvatinosiita renguruve dzihwa ndiko kuda kurutsa, kurutsa uye manyoka.

mapoka njodzi

H1N1 abate chero utachiona, asi matambudziko zvinouraya regai kuva zvachose. Maererano nenhamba, chinonyanya asingatani leakage renguruve dzihwa ari chakakomba muchimiro zvinotevera Mapato vokuparidzira:

- vaduku (vemazera 0 kusvika 2 years);

- Vakadzi pamuviri;

- chero pulmonary zvirwere zvakadai asima;

- People anopfuura 65 makore;

- chisingaperi zvirwere zvomukati;

- HIV-utachiona.

Sezvinogona kuoneka, njodzi mukuru rinomiririra Nenguruve yokuSpain vaya vane simba muviri.

Nzira chirwere

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, vainyanya H1N1 utachiwana iri pachishandiswa ari kuenda neherikoputa nzira. Inokosha: sneezing kana vangakosora vapukunyuka muromo kana mhuno murwere dzevanhu zvinenge anogona "kubhururuka" nomumhepo rwendo 2 mamita. Kana vachava kufema hwakanaka munhu, zviri zvachose kutapukirwa.

Asiwo nemavhairasi avo vakange vasiri wacho, asi kugara chero hukawanika, vachirarama kwemaawa 8. Izvozvo utachiwana renguruve dzihwa uye inogona kubata-mhuri, somuenzaniso, kana iwe utore handrail pamwe nemavhairasi, uye ipapo, pasina kugeza maoko ako, udye.

Nzira chirwere yechitatu ndiyo pusa - yenguruve kubva mhuka anorwara. Yabatwa dzihwa iyi nzira zvichibvira, chete kana nyama iri kudyiwa mbishi kana Semi-yapera, nokuti vane mwero kupisa kurapwa anouraya H1N1 utachiwana mumaminitsi mashoma.

Classic zviratidzo

Sezvo chirwere kusvikira nezviratidzo chirwere wokutanga anogona kutora kubva mazuva matatu nemana, zvichienderana pamusoro zvinoitwa nhengo. The H1N1 Utachiona kungaita zviratidzo zvakafanana sezvo Classic besa:

- zvakawanda zvive;

- wapedzwa yose muviri (myalgia);

- runny mhino;

- nomusoro;

- hosha uye / kana hosha huro;

- chikosoro;

- tembiricha pave pakakwirira kwakadzikira (dzimwe nguva tembiricha haina kuchengetwa);

- chills, fivhiri.

Vamwe varwere vane zvichemo zviri kuda kurutsa, dzimwe nguva kurutsa, uye manyoka.

Utachiona H1N1, zviratidzo yematambudziko

Zvimwe irreparable dambudziko, pakarepo zivisai chiremba rubatsiro kudikanwa kana pakupikiswa pachena chando akati:

- refu kwazvo tembiricha, regai kutsauka mahwendefa;

- kusina nangananga svoto;

- kurutsa;

- inorema uye / kana kupfupika mweya;

- pallor uye / kana cyanosis ganda, miromo zvitema (more nevakawanda vana);

- kufenda, hypersomnia;

- refu kusavapo weti;

- kurwadziwa chipfuva uye dumbu;

- dzungu;

- nekuvhiri- ngika;

- vana vachichema pasina misodzi;

- kushatirwa pasina chikonzero;

- pashure mumwe kuvandudzika kuerera "inotonhora" Pakarepo munhu unopinza kudzikira.

Utachiona H1N1, Mabatirwo nyoro siyana chirwere

Chirwere renguruve dzihwa zvarinopfuura pasina matambudziko, kwakaoma nokuda kwe zviratidzo vane zvavo besa. Kuona mhando utachiona vanogona chete sputum dzinounzwa kuburikidza vangakosora, uye nasal madzihwa uye dzaiita zvokutaurwa mhango.

In munyoro chimiro yokuSpain kunogona kuitwa pamusha mishonga. Hazvina fanira bedrest, kugamuchirwa antipyretic kana kupisa pamusoro 38 madhigirii, nonsteroidal Anti-anogumbura zvinodhaka, mavhitaminzi, chikosoro mishonga uye kuchitonhora. vana vaduku havafaniri kupiwa mishonga kuti vane aspirin, nokuti dziripowo yematambudziko (Reye kuti urwere). Of antipyretics anogona kunwa "Nurofen", "paracetamol" uye vakura "Ibuprofen".

Antivirals H1N1 ari munyoro chimiro ingashandiswa vari:

- "Arbidol."

- "Viferon".

- "Grippferon".

- "IFN".

- "Ingaron".

- "Lipind".

- "Ingavirin".

- "TSikloferon".

- "Kagocel".

Chinhu chinodiwa kutora antihistamines, tikanwa zvinwiwa zvakawanda - tii, muto, mvura inoyerera uchi, muto the currant, razibheri, cranberry uye miriwo.

Influenza rakaitirwa anenge 6-7 mazuva.

Kurapa chakakomba

The H1N1 dzihwa, vanoita pamwe matambudziko, rwakasiyana chaizvo yomwaka, uye kunogona kuzivikanwa, pasina kumirira tsika zvabuda. Kana zviratidzo mamirire renguruve dzihwa mune kwazvo chimiro, pamusoro apa, murwere kudiwa kuti muchipatara, uye kana paine matambudziko kufema, nokumutswa kurapa anofanira chatangwa. Nokuti kurapa kushandiswa "Oseltamivir" kana "Tamiflu", "Zanamivir" kana "Relenza" izvo tunodzivisa basa neuraminidase. Panguva iyoyowo basa asingaurayiwi kurapa kuti tikafunga nemavhairasi nemabayo uye kwemabhakitiriya haana kukura, tiite pakuchenesa nhengo kubva zvinokachidza zvinoberekwa utachiwana H1 n1, ndishandise symptomatic kurapwa. The fungidziro varwere vane kuoma yenguruve dzihwa zvakanaka chete kana nenguva kurapwa chokugutsikana.

With avhareji kwokuomerwa chirwere, kana paine nefivha, kuda kurutsa, kurutsa, manyoka, asi hapana matambudziko kufema, kufenda, havachanyatsogoni kuziva uye nemabayo, kurapwa zvinogoneka pamba.

matanho okudzivirira

Kudzivirira H1N1 kunyanya riri vakaomerwa kushanyira dzevoruzhinji uye nevanhu vane napaduku kuoneka zviratidzo ushamwari (chikosoro, runny mhino). Vanachiremba vanotiwo:

- kwokupfeka zvifukidziro zvose nzvimbo dzevoruzhinji;

- asati kubuda kushandiswa oxolinic mafuta;

- achidzokera kumba pashure kwazvo Washing ruoko, kugeza nasal uye dzaiita in;

- kuramba nezvikafu zvishoma mumugwagwa uye paruzhinji, pasina kutanga kugeza maoko avo kwazvo.

Rakavakwa kuti nguruve furuwenza utachiona anofa nokukurumidza kana chavakaona kwete chete tembiricha yakakwirira, asi akambozvishandisa kuuraya utachiona, zvakadai sipo, doro kana zvokufembedzwa, bactericides. Naizvozvo, munzvimbo (zvikoro, zvipatara, Eenhede nehoro nevamwe) panguva denda kazhinji vanoda kubereka kuchenesa nyoro, kupukuta matafura, doorknobs.

Kana zviratidzo zvokutanga zvakawanda zvive, kunyanya kana paine chikosoro, runny mhino, fivha, tinofanira kudana chiremba pamba asatapurira vamwe vanhu.

Panguva iyoyo, isu zvakagadzira idzva mushonga pamusoro H1N1, iyo inobatsira iri chaiwo dzihwa, kubva H3N2 utachiona. Sick kubva kubaya asingagoni, nokuti mushonga hauna utachiona yose kushandiswa, asi chete zvimedu dzaro. Zvisinei, mushure kubaya vanongogona kuwana yokuSpain, asi izvozvo kuchaitika nenzira nyore chaizvo nenzira. Uyewo, kuti mushonga haadziviriri pamusoro zvose zvimwe zvinobvira okunatsiridza kweutachiwana H1N1.

Kuita inoda pagore, zvinganaka mwedzi mumwe pamberi anokarirwa dambudziko (mumatsutso pamberi dank nyorova kuchitonhora).