Vangani nyaya Chirungu: features, mitemo uye mienzaniso

The mubvunzo kuti vakawanda mumutauro Chirungu anoshandiswa kunyora uye kutaura, rinowanikwa kakawanda vaya vanenge mubasa nyaya iyi. Zvino zvakafanira kuziva mutauro wokumwe. Uye kuchengeta navo refu pamwero zvingashandiswa chete kana kuongorora kwazvo zvivakamutauro zviri mutauro. Pano tinoda kuti ruzivo pamusoro nhamba nyaya dziri emazita mumutauro Chirungu sezvo uye kana vachida kuti kuiswa. Ndizvo zvatiri kuzotaura nezvazvo munyaya ino.

Pfungwa muuzhinji emazita

Chokutanga, ngationei, ndedzipi nyaya Chirungu. Table, kushandiswa mienzaniso, uye shanduro hauchazopi tinzwisise nyaya vakakwana, sezvo zvose chinobviswa pfupi, zvipfupi uye rakagadzirirwa ruzivo vanoshandisa. Unofanira ukanyatsoongorora nechimwe nomumwe uye kunzwisisa zvakafanana uye kusiyana nyaya Russian. Izvi zvakakodzera kuti zviite kuti kuitwa mashoko acho. Saka, muna Chirungu, pane nyaya mbiri:

1. Nzufu kwose, vane zita Common Case.
2. Possessive nyaya, rakashandurwa sezvo Possessive Case.

Chii ndozvazvakaita pachayo? Izvi zvivakamutauro Wandinyengedzerei kuti inobatsira kuratidza mafungiro ari pazita kune mamwe mashoko ari mutongo. Pakutanga, muna Chirungu yekare, pane vakawanda vanenge, akafanana Russian:

• nominative;
• genitive;
• dative;
• accusative;
• ablative.

Asi nokufamba kwenguva, kuchinja zvemutauro padezhey kworutivi vakanyangarika, vaviri chete akasara. Navo, tinofanira kuita kusvikira zvino. Hazvina mutauro wakanaka vadzidzi, sezvo zvakawanda aivabatsira kunzwisisa uye kushandisa mashoko ari mutongo.

zvakajairika nyaya

Kukurukura nyaya mangani nyaya Chirungu, zvichaita zvakakodzera kutanga zvavo nyaya. Izvi nuance zvivakamutauro hakuiti kukanganisa chimiro shoko, pamwe zvarinoreva ndiko saka kujeka kuti mashoko anogona kushandiswa siyana ezvinhu uye ndima. Kunopindirana wokufa chikumbiro ane mbiri zvokusarudza:

1. Sezvo nyaya chiito, zvikurukuru kushumira somushumiri pasi mumutsetse: The datya akasvetuka kumusoro. Iye swims kutsanya.
2. Sezvo chinhu chimwe, kuita somunhu receiver. I akaupa murume. Iye kutidanira pa 4.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti pazita, mutsauko ichi haana maturo. Zvakafanana akamira wawo, uye vachava yakafanana. Asi pamwe zvisazitasingwi, mamiriro acho ezvinhu akasiyana. On chii basa ravanoita, ndivo chinhu kana yacho, uye avo chimiro kunoenderana. Izvi tinonyatsoona mu mienzaniso iri tafura.

Pano mienzaniso nyore iyi inoratidza musiyano wechinhu zvisazitasingwi. Kana emazita, chimiro chavo haachinji. Meaning shoko uye ukama hwayo nevamwe mashoko mumutsetse, tinorondedzera nzvimbo iri kuti mashoko. chikonzero ichi kunoita Chirungu mumwe nyore kudzidza. Kuwedzera hurongwa akasimbisa mashoko inewo rokuti, izvo kunzwisisa basa kuti anotamba mumutsetse kana kuti pazita.

Somuenzaniso:

• Vakaita izvozvo nebanga. Vakazviita nebanga. Rokuti ne kubatsira chidzore mashandiro shoko "banga" zvakarurama.
• Anoenda kuchikoro. Anoenda kuchikoro. kuti rokuti kunobatsirawo kududzira kushandiswa kweshoko "chikoro".

possessive

Uyezve kutaura pamusoro nhamba nyaya mumutauro Chirungu, tava kuenda wechipiri kacho - possessive. Nechekare kubva zita zvinova pachena kuti mubvunzo anopindura kuti: uyo? uyo? uyo? uyo? inokosha possessive siyana zvinoshandiswa kureva chisazita:

Izvi ndozvazvakaita kana totaura zvisazitasingwi. Chimwe mufananidzo kubva emazita. Apa pane zviviri zvokusarudza kutaura kupiwa mhosva;

1. Kushandiswa apositurofi uye nekuguma -s.
2. Kushandiswa rokuti ose.

Kana zvipenyu pazita, pano akashandisa pfungwa yokutanga. Somuenzaniso, amai vangu bhegi - bhegi yamai bhuku mukoma - bhuku womunun'una, etc. Panguva iyoyo chiri apositurofi inoratidza kuti ndezvevanhu uyo ... Kana pazita haachiri mupenyu, ipapo kushandisa pfungwa yokutanga zvakarurama, uye yaimutsigira vazvipembedze, akadai: mukova mukamuri - wetende mukamuri, chikamu nyaya - chimedu nhoroondo, uye zvichingodaro ..

Features vanourayiswa

Achienderera mberi kukurukura sei nyaya dzakawanda Chirungu, hatifaniri kukanganwa pamusoro peculiarities uye kunze, iyo inozivikanwa kuti mutauro Chirungu. Saka, pane dzimwe nuances, kuyeuka:

• kana shoko inoumbwa maviri kana kupfuura zvikamu, ari possessive nokuguma iri awedzera chete kune vokupedzisira: waipfuura wainzi kuti tikiti - tikiti waipfuura;
• Kana chimiro ichi hazvirevi chete, uye kuti mashoko mashoma, ipapo kuguma vacharaswa kuwedzerwa pakuguma mutsetse: baba uye nzvimbo vamai - mukamuri moms uye vanababa;
• kana pazita riri muzvizhinji, pazviri chete ive apositurofi: Hanzvadzi 'chisvusvuro - chisvusvuro nehanzvadzi.

Kakawanda

Kune akawanda mashoko zvisina upenyu, zvinogona kushandisa possessive nemagumo -s:

• zviyero nguva uye daro: yanhasi bhazi - bhazi nhasi;
• guta, nyika: indasitiri Russian raMwari - maindasitiri mu Russia;
• mapepanhau, masangano: OBSCE kuti motokari - mumotokari yacho OSCE;
• Mashoko: rudzi, nyika, guta, guta , chikepe, motokari, chikepe, hunhu, mvura, gungwa;
• mwedzi, mwaka: chando kuti ekunze - chando ekunze;
• mapuraneti: Jupiter kuti chiedza - chiedza Jupiter;
• akaumba mashoko.

Kutaura pamusoro nhamba nyaya mumutauro Chirungu, nhamba kunze vanofanira kunzi zvakare. It chinonyanya kukosha pfungwa. Uyewo, munhu wose anoziva haasi kukosha kudzidza mitemo, sezvazvakaita zvagara.

Kushandiswa Zvireva mwene

Uyewo Chirungu affixes anobatsira Express Zvireva mwene. Kune mamwe dzakakurumbira zvikonzero kuti audze kukosha dative uye ablative.

• Rokuti kuti. Inoratidza nhungamiro yacho chiito uye transmits ari dative: Unoenda Mike. Iye anoenda Mike.
• Rokuti pamwe. Rinoshandiswa kuratidza kushandisa chombo kana chinhu, uye transmits kuti ablative: Akanga vakaurayiwa nebanga. Iye akaurayiwa nebanga.
• The rokuti ne. Inoratidza ndiani kana chii chiito kunoitika: Vakaona bhegi kutakurwa mumwe murume. Vakaona bhegi kuti vakatakura murume.

Sezvaunogona kuona, achibatsirwa mazano nyore zvakadaro Chirungu girama zvinogoneka wokushandura akakodzera mashoko zvose zvose kunyora uye nomuromo.