Ultrasound kuongorora kwe 1 trimester: kududzirwa kwemigumisiro. Ko kuongorora kwe ultrasound kwakaitwa sei kune chekutanga chetatu?

Yokutanga kuongorora kuongororwa kunopiwa kuti ione kutadza kwemucheche, kuongorora nzvimbo uye kubuda kweropa kwepentecenta, uye kugona kuvapo kwemafuro asina kunaka. Kuongorora kwe Ultrasound kwe 1 trimester kunoitwa panguva imwechete yevhiki gumi nembiri chete kwechiremba chiremba.

Chii chinonzi ultrasound mumutatu wekutanga?

Iyo ultrasound inowanikwa mumakiriniki ari oga akazvigadzirira kana makiriniki evakadzi, umo mune vadzidzisi vane ruzivo vanogona kuitisa kuongororwa kwakakodzera.

Kuitisa kuongorora kwakakwana panguva yakakura yekudzivirira kuchabatsira ultrasound kuongorora 1 trimester. Sezvo kutsvakurudza kuri kuitwa, chiremba anoenda achatsanangura, uye kana zvichidikanwa achakuudza kuti ungagadzirira sei kuongororwa.

Kuongorora kuongorora kunoitwa nenzira yepabonde (kuburikidza nemadziro emadzimai) uchishandisa chidimbu chekuongorora chirongwa che ultrasound. Mukupedzisira ultrasound protocol, zvinotevera zviratidzo zvinoratidzwa:

• Zviratidzo zvechimiro chechibereko chekuberekwa uye zvikamu;
• Kutarisa kwema fetus uye yolk sac;
• Nzvimbo uye chimiro chechirion;
• Fetal heart rate;
• Ukuru hwema fetus kubva korona kusvika kumuswe;
• Kuwanda kwepachiviri chepauchi.

Imwe nyanzvi ye-ultrasound inogona kusarudza nguva chaiyo yehutachiwana, kusanganisa chero maitiro ekuberekwa kwemaitiro uye kusagadzikana kwema fetus, uyewo kuona kana pane zvirwere muitiro wepabonde hwevakadzi vanogona kukonzera nguva yepamuviri kana kuti kukonzera kukanganisa kwayo. Kuongorora kwe Ultrasound kwe 1 trimester kunopa kuongororwa kwakakwana kwemuviri uye pamuviri pamatambudziko ose anodiwa.

Tsanangudzo yezvimwe zviyero zve ultrasound

Vasati vatarisa hutanga, chiremba anofanira kufanotaura musi wekutanga kwekupedzisira kuenda kumwedzi, kuitira kuti ave nekukwanisa kuongorora kufanana kwema fetal size kusvika panguva yekuzvitakura. Kugadzirisa kunoitwa zvakananga nachiremba anonzwisisa zvose terminology uye anoziva mitemo yekukura kwe fetus.

Zvinyorwa zvinonyanya kukosha zvekuongororwa kwekutanga ndezvakawandisa zvepfungwa dzomukati uye coccyx-parietal fetal size. Mune nguva kubva pamwedzi wegumi kusvika wegumi nemana, CW inogona kubva kubva pa 150-175 ichirova / miniti.

Ukuru hwemu fetus kubva korona kusvika kune coccyx munguva yevhiki gumi nembiri inofanira kunge inenge 45 mm. Kuongorora kwe Ultrasound kwe 1 trimester kunofanirwa kutarisirwa kusvika masvondo gumi nemasere matanhatu, sezvo zvichange zvakaoma mune ramangwana kusarudza kutevedza kwema fetal parameters nemitemo yakagamuchirwa.

Tsanangudzo yemamwe emiganhu ye ultrasound

Kuvapo kwechromosomal kusagadzikana kwekufukura kwekuberekwa kunotsanangurwa nehuwandu hwehupamhi hwekoro nzvimbo. Ichi chiratidzo chinokubvumira kuti uongorore chete kuongororwa kwekutanga kwetatu. Ko ultrasound, unogona kuwana paInternet kana kukumbira chiremba wako.

Kuongororwa kwegadziriro uye nzvimbo ye chorion inokubvumira kuti uone nzvimbo yemberi yemangwana, tarisa kuti sei pamuviri uri kukura. Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti kana chorion ichibatanidzwa pedyo nekati mukati memutsipa wechibereko, ipapo pane mukana wekuvandudza placenta previa.

Iyo yolk sac nevhiki yegumi nembiri inenge isisina kukwana zvachose, sekusvika ikozvino nguva iyo placenta inotanga kubvaruka, iyo ichaita mabasa ose akafanana uye inozopa fetus ine michina uye zvinhu zvose zvakakosha pakugadzirwa kwechimiro.

Kuongororwa kwemamiriro emadzimai emudzimai kunokosha zvakare. Sezvo zvisingaenzaniswi chimiro chechibereko (saddle, bicorn) chinogona kukanganisa kukanganisa kwekuzvimba kana kupera kwe fetus. Zvinyorwa zvinoshandiswawo zvekrissi. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, panguva yekuzvitakura, pane chikonzero chebasa rekushandira kupedza chirwere.

Kuti urondedze hutachiwana hunoonekwa, chiremba we-ultrasound anonyora mazwi ekuguma kweprotocol. Kuongorora kwe Ultrasound kwekutanga kwekutatu kunobvunzurudza zvakakosha kunobvumira kunyatsoona zvose zvinogona kuitika pamaronda uye kusakanganiswa kwema fetus uye genitalia yemukadzi ane pamuviri.

Zvigadziro zvekugadzirira mararamiro e ultrasound

Pamberi penzira yacho hairevi kudya kwakakwana kana kuchenesa mumatumbo. Mukadzi chete anongoda kuunza tauro uye jira rinoshandiswa kuhofisi yake. Paunotanga kushanyira nzvimbo ye ultrasound, unofanirwa kumirira kuzadza chiduku chebhanhire.

Chiremba ane ruzivo achakwanisa kuona panguva ipi zvayo, kunyange zviduku, dambudziko uye nekubudirira kubvisa, pasina kukuvadza kana mwana anenge achikura kana utano hweamai.

Nzira yei ultrasound yekuona Down's syndrome?

Chirungu chechivharo mumakore masere gumi nemakumi maviri nemaviri haafaniri kudarika 3 mm. Chinyorwa chechirongwa che ultrasound chekutanga chetatu chinofanira kuitwa chete nechiremba anoenda, uyo anoziva pamusoro pehupenyu hwemunhu wese.

Mukuwedzera kuhupamhi hwekoro nzvimbo , kuvapo kweArt's syndrome kunogona kusarudzwa nezvinhu zvakadai se:

• Kusara kwemapfupa emapfupa;
• Kusvibiswa kweropa kunopinda mumugwagwa unobuda;
• Kuvapo kweTachycardia (kukurumidza kwemoyo);
• Kuderedza muhukuru hwema maxillary bone;
• Kukura kwechiyero chechimbichidzi;
• Kutadza kwechipiri umbilical arteri (kazhinji pane inofanira kuva maviri embilical arteri, iyo inoita kuti fetus ine ropa rakakwana riyere uye yakakwana ye okisijeni nemuviri).

Zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti zvimwe zviratidzo zvinogona kuwanika kune vana vane utano hwakanaka. Kunyanya inosanganisira kuvapo kwefupa remapfupa, iyo isipo munguva yevhiki gumi nemana inenge 2% yevana. Kuparara kweropa kunowanikwa mu5% yevana vane utano uye haisi chirwere chinoda mishonga.

Zvinotarisirwa kuongorora zvakanyatsoitika migumisiro yekuongororwa kwetatu yekutanga. Ultrasound haigoni mumamiriro ezvinhu ose kuratidza mufananidzo wakakwana wekukura kwomwana.

Kugadzirira kushandiswa kwehupenyu hwehupenyu

Usati watora ropa kubva mumutsipa, iwe unofanirwa kuomerera pane imwe kudya kunosvika zuva risati raongorora uye usabvisa:

• Chocolate;
• Seafood;
• Fatty foods;
• Meat products.

Kwemaawa mana usati watora ropa, unofanira kumisa zvachose kudya. Izvi zvichapa mhinduro yakarurama kwazvo.

1 trimester kuongorora: ultrasound uye ropa sezviratidzo zvehutano hwehutano

Munzvimbo nhatu yekutanga kune chido chekusimbisa kwete ultrasound, asi zvakare kunodiwa kuongorora ropa kubva mumhino, iyo inosarudza huwandu hCG neRAPP-A.

Mukuongororwa kweropa, kwete chete HCG yakazara, asiwo yekusununguka β-subunit yakatemwa. Kazhinji, chiratidzo ichi mune chero bhishopi inofanira kuva mukati me 0.5-2 MW. Kana mitemo ichiputsika, njodzi yekuratidzwa mumucheche weArt syndrome kana zvimwe zvakasiyana-siyana zvechromosomal zvinowedzera.

Kuwedzera kwebasa rekusununguka β-subunit yeHCG kunoratidza kuti zvinogona kuvapo mumucheche weArt's syndrome. Kunyange zvazvo kuderera kwekutarisa kwechiratidzo ichi kunowedzera dambudziko rekuvandudza mwana wepachirwere Edwards.

RAPP-A inonzi plasma protein A, inobatanidza nekuzvitakura. Kuwedzera kwakakura kwechiratidzo ichi kunoratidza kutora pamuviri. Kusiyanisa kubva pane zvinoratidzira kunoratidza kuvapo kwehutachiwana hwekukura kwe fetal. Zvisinei, izvi zvinongoshanda chete nekuderera kwekutarisa kwechiratidzo muropa risingapfuuri 0.5 MoM, kupfuura chikamu chepamusoro pe 2MM haisi mungozi yekuvandudza mwana.

Kuchengetedza kwekutanga kwekutatu: kujekesa migumisiro ye ultrasound uye muedzo wekuda kwekudzivirira matambudziko

Mune ma laboratori kune mapurogiramu akakomba emakombiyuta ayo, pamberi pezviratidzo zvevanhu, kuverenga njodzi yekudzivirira zvirwere zvechromosomal. Zvimwe zviratidzo zvinosanganisira:

• Age;
• Weight;
• Kuvapo kwemaitiro akaipa;
• Zvirwere zvisingaperi kana zvechirwere zveamai.

Mushure mekunge apinda zvose zviratidzo muzvirongwa, anoverenga mavhareji eRAPP neHCG nokuda kwekuita pamuviri chaiyo uye anoverenga dambudziko rekusaziva. Semuenzaniso, chiyero che1: 200 chinoratidza kuti mukadzi wekudzivirira pamuviri 1 mwana achave nekromosomal isina kukwana, uye 199 vana vachazvarwa vakakwana zvakakwana.

Chiyero chakaipa chinoratidza dambudziko rakanyanya rekukura mumucheche weTrans syndrome uye hazvidi kuti upiwe kuongororwa. Kuongorora kunotevera kwomudzimai akadaro kuchave ne ultrasound mumutatu wechipiri.

Zvichienderana nezvakawanikwa, chigumo chinopiwa mu laboratori. Inogona kuva yakanaka kana isina kunaka. Chiyero chakanaka chinoratidza mukana wakakura wekubereka mwana ane Down syndrome, mushure mekunge chiremba anongedzera zvidzidzo zvekare (amniocentesis uye chorionic villi villus sampling) kuti apedze kugadziriswa.

Kuongorora kwe Ultrasound kwekutanga kokutanga, iyo inobvumira mukadzi kuti anzwisise zvimwe zvezviwanikwa zvakawanikwa, haisi nguva dzose inofanirwa kutora zvakakosha, nokuti ndiye chete chiremba anogona kunyatsonyatsojekesa protocol.

Chii chinoda kuitwa kana kune njodzi huru ye Down syndrome?

Kana iwe ukawana njodzi yakakura yokubereka mwana asina kunaka, usakurumidza kuendesa kune zviito zvakanyanyisa kuti usabvise pamuviri. Pakutanga, zvakakosha kushanyira chiremba wei genetics uyo achaitisa zvidzidzo zvose zvinodiwa uye anonyatsoziva kana pane dambudziko romwana ari kukura chromosomal kusagadzikana.

Muzviitiko zvakawanda, maitiro ekuongorora anozvidza kuvapo kwematambudziko mumwana uye naizvozvo mukadzi ane pamuviri anokwanisa kutakura nekuchengetedza mwana. Kana kuongororwa kunosimbisa kuvapo kweArt's syndrome, saka vabereki vanofanira kuzvisarudzira pachavo kana kuti vanozvichengeta vane pamuviri kana kwete.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvingakanganisa zvitsva?

Apo mukadzi ari kufungidzirwa nenzira yeVF, zviratidzo zvinogona kusiyana. Kuwedzera kweHCG kuchapfuura, apo PAPP-A ichaderedzwa inenge inenge 15%, ine ultrasound kuongororwa, kuwedzera kweLDD kunogona kuonekwa.

Zvinetso nokurema zvinokanganisa mahomoni. Nekukura kwekuneta, huwandu hwemhomoni inowedzera zvikuru, kana uremu hwemuviri huri pasi, mahomoni achaderedzwa zvakare.

Kushamiswa kwemudzimai ane pamuviri, ane chokuita nehutano hwekuvandudzwa kwe fetus, inogonawo kuchinja migumisiro. Nokudaro, mukadzi haafaniri kuzvifananidza nezvakaipa.

Ko chiremba angasimudzira kubvisa pamuviri kana Down syndrome inowanikwa mumucheche?

Hapana chiremba anogona kukumanikidza kuti usakanganise pamuviri wako. Chisarudzo chekuchengeta mimba kana kukanganisa kwayo kunongotorwa chete nevabereki vemucheche. Nokudaro, zvakakosha kufungisisa mubvunzo uyu uye kusarudza kubatsirana uye kunetseka kwekuberekwa kwomwana ane Down syndrome.

Ma laboratori akawanda anokubvumira kuti uone mufananidzo wematatu wekukura kwevana. Mufananidzo wekushongedza 1 trimester inopa vabereki mukana wokuchengetedza zvachose chiyeuchidzo chekurerwa kwevana vavo vakamirira kwenguva refu.