The motherboard (dunhu). Kweguyo kugadzwa motherboard

The kombiyuta ane zvakawanda zvinoriumba. Chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha zvinoriumba, pasina iro hazvibviri kupa basa rake, ndiye motherboard. Kutenderera mudziyo uyu kwakatooma zvikuru, uye ihwo zvinosanganisira akawanda zvinoriumba. Chii zvinosanganisira?

Chii motherboard

Rinoreva mudziyo inova hwaro kuvaka kombiyuta wemuTesitamende unyanzvi. Vakatasva ari motherboard mukati nyaya pamwe ake kutonhora maitiro uye simba zvitengeswa. To patsanura kushandiswa zvakasiyana zvinodiwa kuti kuona kukura midziyo, ayo fastening nzvimbo, rikaisa mazano / goho zviteshi uye bhazi cheap car insurance (CPU uye RAM). Dunhu iri motherboard pasi Article achava A kujeka zvishoma nezvishoma. Uye isu tichati kutanga zvinokosha.

pcb

On mairi chiratidzo mitsetse kuti kuchiwana ose okunze pamwechete. Kana ivo vanoiswa zvakare pedyo, ruzha achapiwa kunotangira nokuda anonongedzera. The kukuru Kureba mutsetse wayo date yedzimudzangara rinoitwa, ari kumusoro achava padanho kusagadzikana. Saka, anogona kukundikana kunyange dzinodhura kwazvo uye yakavimbika kombiyuta. Kurerutsa ichi zvazviri, kuumba multi-rukoko akadhindwa redunhu puranga, apo kakawanda kuwedzera anobatsira nzvimbo yaro uye daro pakati pemitsara. Mazuva mano rinowanzoshandiswa matanhatu akaturikidzana: zvitatu chiratidzo, umwe pasi uye vaviri chikafu. The akadhindwa redunhu mapuranga vanoiswa ose okunze kuti ive chinokosha pakombiyuta. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvinoriumba uye zviteshi. Zano maererano zviri motherboard kunovapupurira chiratidzo kwatiri kuti zvichava zvinobvira kubatana mune ramangwana. Saka, ano mano vane hafu gumi nevaviri connectors zvakasiyana-siyana zvimwe pane avo kuti ichakurukurwa pasi Article namano. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti ruzhinji motherboards Developers vakavimbika kukumbira vanoshandisa mishonga kwayo kuvandudza nayo nokuwedzera itsva zvinoriumba (akadai ndangariro).

chipset

Uyewo zvakanga achinzi iine hurongwa zvisingarambiki. Saka akadana machipisi, iyo pamwe chete anopa dambudziko isina kushanda wegondohwe, CPU, peripheral controllers, Graphics makadhi nezvimwe zvinoriumba zvine chokuita kuti motherboard. Pamusana kwavari, kutsanangura dzinokosha parameters kuti muridzi mudziyo uyu. Modern chipsets, sezvinoita mutemo, dzinobva yenhengo maviri. Mumwe nemumwe wavo yoga chipset. Asi vari zvakabatana ne mukuru-nokukurumidza bhazi. Asi motherboard redunhu ane muitiro wakadaro kuti vauye pamwe chete zvishoma nezvishoma. With vachidzikisa ichi kunoitika kukurukura migero pamwe kuwedzererwa siyana uye peripherals. Uyewo, pamwe kukura zvigadzirwa kusangana zvirongwa zvakawanda diki, rweruzhinji uye kuderedzwa simba kudyiwa navo.

Northbridge

Iye rinotarisira uye anotungamira Data vakagamuchira kubva matai mana:

1. System.
2. Chokuita nomusoro.
3. Anotaura kuna Graphics kadhi.
4. Chokuita rwezasi zambuko.

mudziyo uyu une ndangariro controller uye vanoverengeka interfaces. Kunyange zvazvo mashandiro wokutanga anogona kunzi zvisingachashandi nokuti iyoyo mudziyo inowanika makombiyuta zvose ano. The chete zvinogona kutaurwa pamusoro inowanikwa, chiri kukonzera Graphics.

South zambuko

Izvi zvakare chikamu chinokosha chiri chero motherboard. The redunhu mudziyo hazvisi zvikuru. Somuenzaniso, chinosanganisira matai dzakadaro:

1. Anokonzera hwokutsigira kutaura rwokumusoro zambuko.
2. Unobva zambuko kuwedzera nemakadhi.
3. Anokonzera date Exchange nevamwe makombiyuta kana peripherals.
4. Mubasa kukurukura rakaoma Zvifambiso.
5. Kushanda date exchange anononoka namano.

A chikuru chiyamuro / goho hurongwa (Bios)

Bios - purogiramu inokosha iri vaisona ari kuverenga chete ndangariro (ROM). Bios chiri motherboard nedzimwe zvinoriumba kombiyuta (Graphics makadhi, controllers, uye zvichingodaro). Tiri kufunga shanduro kukosha nokuti kuti kana kombiyuta yatanga, izvozvo achaongorora vakawanda mano chokuita nayo (ndangariro, zvakaoma dhisiki, CPU, etc.). Ipapo Bios initializes ari controller ane motherboard. The Dunhu anoiswa munyaya izvozvo zvinoita kuti tinzwisise kuti navo uye kumhanya dzimwe namano uye muitiro pave baselines dzavo. Kana zvose zvinoshanda pasina matambudziko, asi Bios anotamisa kudzora kuti uchishandisa hurongwa.

Jenareta kuti wachi

mudziyo Izvi zvakakodzera kuti paumbwe mudanga zvikuru nguva nenguva chiratidzo, izvo synchronizes kushanda zvinhu kombiyuta. Inoitwa wachi jenareta uye mumwe Goldstone resonator. Last pachayo anogona kusika anonongedzera. Asi havagoni kuwanikwa aine kakawanda iyo inodiwa kushanda ano kuyeukwa bhazi uye CPU. Naizvozvo amplification uye wachi kushandiswa. The kupomba kakawanda zvikuru kunokanganisa nokukurumidza panguva iyo computation achange kuitwa. Saka, chero kutengeserana waida mumwe nhamba zvinogara. Nokudaro, vazhinji vavo pasekondi yoga yoga, nani chokupika. Asi mashoko aya ichokwadi chete namano kuti zvakafanana microarchitecture. wachi mwero inogona hwakawedzera, saka kuti kuchawedzera kombiyuta unongotaura. Asi kunewo nezvayakaipira. Saka, kuderera kutsiga zvinoumba pakombiyuta, uye pashure akadaro kuvhiyiwa anogara zvakakodzera kuona operability. Chimwe chinetso - siyana zvinhu vanogona kukuvadzwa nokuda rinorema uchishandisa mamiriro. Uyezve, hunhu akuvara kuchawedzera.

Other zvinhu izvo zvine motherboard

Zano mudziyo unobatsira kunzwisisa kuti zvakamisa hurongwa dziri pamusoro - hazvisi zvose. Chii chiripo kupfuura? Zvakakosha, uye vakawanda capacitors, ane chikuru basa - rekuona aibuda anotsvedzerera voltage. Ndivo zvakakodzera nokuda chokwadi kuti padanho simba rakawanda anogona zvakabva zvachinja (chii chinoitika kana ukasiya kushanda, kana ayo kuvandudzwa). Capacitors wokukwenenzvera voltage nokufamba. Izvi zvinowedzera kutsiga zvigadzirwa, uyewo kuwedzera upenyu ose zvinhu zviri kombiyuta.

A kongiri muenzaniso

Ngationei kuti ari dhayagiramu pamusoro motherboard Asus. Sezvaunogona kuona pamufananidzo rinonyatsoratidza imwe controller guru rinotaura zvakawanda nezviito. Chokwadi, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kutenderera ari motherboard uye laptop achava siyanei. Saka, pakutanga kunzvimbo shoma, ndokusaka zvose zvaanazvo kuiswa sezvo pemurwi. Chokwadi, kombiyuta haisi zvemaoresa nzvimbo, asi pane dambudziko harisi sezvo chenjera. Kuti tinzwisise izvi, unofanira kuva wiring dhayagiramu pamusoro motherboard Asus uye zvemasanga kombiyuta. Enzanisa sei uye chii akaisa. The nebhuku rokunyorera iri optimized zvose, nzvimbo dzose kunokosha. Nepo pamakombiyuta, nemhaka hurongwa Unit, uko zvimwe nzvimbo pamusoro hazvina kunyanya kufunga.

mhedziso

Zvakanaka, zvino, ndinofunga une pfungwa yakanaka chii mudziyo uyu. We kunyange Asus motherboard zano kwainzi. kupedza Zvakanaka mufananidzo inopiwa Article vanodhirowa.