The anatomical maumbirwo womunhu horo

Horo - ndicho chokupedzisira ura, panopinda muviri kanoita chitsiko (kureva, vakasara tsvina chikafu).

Nemamiriro womunhu horo

Horo shoma sphincters zviri vakaumba netsandanyama. Kwakadaro zvindori tsandanyama inodiwa kudzora hwomukova uye pakazovharwa horo. In womunhu, vaviri anorectal sphincter:

• Inner rinoumbwa thickening pakati anotsvedzerera tsandanyama pamusoro mugaranhoko uye havasi pasi chavanoziva. kureba kwarwo kubva hafu kune masendimita matatu nehafu.
• External zvinosanganisira striated tsandanyama uye kudzora pfungwa. Kureba kwayo zvichisiyana maviri nemashanu nehafu masendimita.

Painoguma horo mumagaro mumucheto, inova rakapinza kuchinja squamous mucosa lining ari distal anorectal Canal paganda rakavhara crotch. The ganda iri nekunobuda netsvina nzvimbo kazhinji pamusoro pigmented (i.e. munhu zvasviba ruvara) uye rakawunyana nokuda pamberi kwokunze sphincter.

Pauduku, kuti horo iri zvakawanda dorsally kupfuura vanhu vakuru, millimeters vanenge makumi maviri kubva coccyx. The dhayamita of horo, kazhinji kumatanhatu masendimita, uye kushandiswa pakureba anoda kubva mitatu shanu masendimita. Kuwedzera sphincter, ari rectal wokugumisa midziyo kunosanganisira tsandanyama kuti kusimudza horo uye tsandanyama ari pelvic diaphragm.

The nemamiriro horo inogona muzvikamu zvitatu:

1. Mucous muchikamu chino anopiwa pamwe longitudinal pazvirugu, pakati izvo zvinowanikwa crypts (mumagaro sinuses), apo makomba dziri mumasero nokunobuda netsvina.
2. Area rakafukidza multilayer sandara epithelium.
3. multilayer ichi zvemapuranga vaparadzana keratinized squamous epithelium uye anopiwa ne vakawanda sebaceous uye ziya omumuviri uye bvudzi.

The horo uye mugaranhoko kwakasimbiswa kweropa network, uyewo zhinji harinzwi tsinga, vachibvumira kunonotsa nemaune kuita defecation, uye kazhinji mhosva neurogenic kupatira.

The kwakaita nzvimbo yacho of horo

Zvivako kuti zvakananga dyidzana pamwe mumagaro canal, - a rectal ampoule uye sigmoid muura. The mumagaro Canal iri muna perineum. Pamberi mugaranhoko ndiyo yakabatana seminal vesicles, vas deferens ampoules, dundira uye kweprostate gland nevanhu. Vakadzi dziri pamberi nepanhengo uye dumbu. Channel terminates horo. Zvinokonzera sphincter kwokunze kushandisa anococcygeal shwashwa wanamatira kuti coccyx.

Muna crotch nzvimbo shure uye kumativi ose horo akaronga aiwanzopiwa wokushanda ischiorectal Makomba vane prism chimiro uye vakazadzwa nuna rinenge izvo akaedzwa tsinga nemidziyo ropa. Mune frontal sectional makomba vane chimiro zvokuridza. The lateral rusvingo gomba vakaumba obturator tsandanyama uye ischial tuberosity (yomukati pamusoro), medial - uye zvokunze sphincter tsandanyama iyo anomutsa horo. Rwemberi rusvingo mugomba aumba coccygeal tsandanyama navaivanda matanda kuti zvinomutsa horo uye pamberi - transverse perineal tsandanyama. Adipose rinenge riri mukati mhango ischiorectal makomba, anoita basa ane kwakavharwa nenyama vakashinga pamutsago.

Nemamiriro munhukadzi horo

In hadzi mumuviri mugaranhoko mberi ndiyo yakabatana nepanhengo uye yokupedzisira anosiiwa dzakaonda rukoko Denovile-Salishcheva. Pamusana vakadaro STRUCTURAL zviri horo uye mugaranhoko vakadzi sezvo noutachiona uye neoplastic yomuchipatara dawo nyore kubva mhango mumwe, zvinoita kuti paumbwe rectovaginal fistula somugumisiro zvakasiyana siyana akuvara kana ruptures zviri perineum pakusununguka.

The nemamiriro horo vakadzi kunotungamirira chimiro yaro muchimiro sandarara kana zvishoma yakabudikira mberi nedzidzo. Avanoti ichi chokuti iri mubishi makurukuriro kutandara tsandanyama zviri perineum uye tsandanyama kuti kusimudza horo, vanorasikirwa mano avo kubata.

Zviri horo nevanhu

The nemamiriro hono horo ine kupesana. Men (kunyanya tsandanyama) horo anotarira akafanana fanera. Rusvingo pamberi mumagaro Canal ndiyo yakabatana girobhu racho pamusoro urethra uye chakaderedzwa mutengo kweprostate. Mukuwedzera, pakukora dzomunyika sphincter varume pane vakadzi.

Zvaiitwa horo uye mugaranhoko

Mugaranhoko nebasa achibvisa tsvina zvinhu kubva mumuviri. Uyezve, pane anowanikwa mvura Absorção de Água. Saka dewatering uye kudzvanya mutsvina yadzo kunyika muviri anodzoka mana litres ose Urume pazuva. Pamwechete Urume vakanwa shure microelements. Rectal ampoule iri gungwa pamusoro mutsvina yadzo, iyo inotungamirira kuunganidza hyperinflation ura namasvingo wezvamatongerwe tsinga zvairatidza uye sezvo mugumisiro uchida defecation (defecation).

Zvino horo mabasa. Ari kugara voltage, sphincters ayo kudzora kusunungurwa mutsvina yadzo (defecation) uye magasi mbudo kubva ura (flatulentsiyu).

zvokurwara horo

• Anomera.
• Mamota.
• Heniya.
• Various zvikanganiso mucosa (cysts, mumagaro Kunetsana, maronda).
• Anogumbura urongwa (abscesses, pute, proctitis, fistulas).
• Vachiberekwa mamiriro (nekunobuda netsvina Surgery).

spasm of sphincter

Zvinoenderana nemamiriro horo anowanzoramba zvinoratidza pathologies ari intestinal turakiti. Pakati vakawanda zviratidzo spasm zviri sphincter (kwokunze kana zvemukati), ndiro kurwadziwa kana kusagadzikana mune horo.

Zvinokonzera ichi vari:

• chepfungwa nematambudziko;
• refu kupatirwa;
• chisingaperi kuzvimba munharaunda yomunyika kana zvekunze sphincter;
• kunyanya innervation.

Naizvozvo chinguva emit:

• Mazhinji spasm dzinoratidzwa kurwadziwa usingabereki dzosa kutora zvakafanana analgesics.
• Zvinopfuura kurwadza kwacho - kungoerekana pfupi marwadzo ari horo, kuvakoka kuti pelvic mapfundo kana tailbone.

Zvichienderana chikonzero spasm anogona kuva:

• chikuru (nokuda matambudziko chetsinga);
• yechipiri (nokuda zvinetso zvikuru dumbu).

Kuratidza chiratidzo ichi ndiwo:

• Chimiro marwadzo nokuda kushushikana;
• stoped marwadzo panguva defecation kana kushandisa mvura inodziya;
• Kurwadziwa iri mupasi muna horo uye Anopa coccyx, chiuno (perineum) kana mudumbu.

Chirwere kubva pathological pezvakaitwa

• Computed tomography anogona kuona polyps uye dzimwe mwero inotungamirwa.
• A biopsy rinoshandiswa kuona malignancy kuti bundu kwendangariro.
• Anoscopy (rektomanoskopiya) rinoshandiswa kuongorora mamiriro ari horo mucous uyewo nokutora biopsy zvinhu.
• Anorectal manometry. Zvinoenderana nemamiriro horo (ona mufananidzo. Above) rinoitwa chirwere midziyo tsandanyama (sphincter) horo. Vazhinji nguva mumagaro tsandanyama vari maximally ruoko kudzora defecation uye flatulentsiey. To-makumi masere nezvishanu kubva muzana basal mataurire mumagaro akaita womukati sphincter nokunobuda netsvina. Kana kukwana kana kusava Kufambisa pakati tsandanyama ari pelvic pauriri uye neshure sphincter hwapedyo diskheziya hunoratidza kuoma defecation uye kupatira.
• Rectal ongororo. nzira iyi inoratidza heniya, prolapse pamusoro bowel, dumbu, Mamota fistulas, Kunetsana nezvimwe zvirwere horo uye mugaranhoko.
• US horo. Pahwaro chidzidzo ichi tinogona kufungidzira kuvapo namamota, kusarudza nzvimbo yavo uye kukura, kuziva Mamota uye zvichingodaro.

Kusagadzikana munyika anorectal nharaunda

The anatomical nemamiriro horo ndechokuti ganda munzvimbo iyi kunyanya kugumbuka, uye nezvirugu zvamakwai ayo apo asiri zvaidiwa utsanana, kakawanda kupatira kana manyoka anogona neimba utachiona, zvinogona kuguma kusanzwa, kugumbuka, kuvaviwa, kwakanaka uye kurwadziwa.

Kuderedza zviratidzo izvi uye kudzivirira yavo inofanira kuva:

• Kugeza horo uye ganda kumativi nemvura pasina sipo (ekupedzisira anogona aiyanika ganda uye, somugumisiro, kutungamirira yakatokura kusagadzikana). Zvakakosha kupa kupfuura mwaya "Kavilon" kana kushandiswa doro vakasununguka ndokupisika (sezvo tishu kutsvinyira ganda).
• The ganda iri nekunobuda netsvina yacho inofanira kuva rakaoma.
• Zviri pakuraramisa chipingamupinyi kune mwando kupinda. Somuenzaniso, akakurudzira kushandisa ruomba "Dimethicone" pave rwokudzivirira firimu paganda akapoteredza horo.
• Kushandisa mishonga Nezvakakuyiwa (semuenzaniso, talc kana cornstarch). Vanofanira kushandiswa pre-vakachenesa nokuoma ganda.
• Kushandiswa kuraswa wakaisvonaka kana unyoro-rokutora Mapedhi.
• Kushandiswa "nemhepo" andapeni uye nguo kubva dzinongoitika zvinhu vakasununguka chekawo usingabereki kuita kufamba.
• Kana fecal incontinence, achangogara unofanira kutsiva andapeni.

mabatiro

Kugadzwa imwe mishonga inoenderana yezvakaita chirwere. Kana spasm ari sphincter pamusoro zvose kubvisa zvikonzero kuti akavatadzisa. Mukuwedzera, laxatives vanotumirwa, antibacterials, dzokutindivadza uye spasmolytics muchimiro kwamafuta / suppositories, uyewo mumuviri kurapa, yemagetsi, mafomu, masaja, micro enema. Tiine ineffectiveness kuti kuchinja mabatiro rinoitwa zvomusejari kushandiswa.

Hemorrhoid kurapwa rinoitwa kushandisa chaiwo nemakenduru nezvizoro, uyewo zvomusejari nzira. Vachiberekwa zvirwere (Surgery pamusoro horo) vanoda nekukurumidza kuvhiyiwa. Mapundu ose horo kubatwa mubatanidzwa nemwaranzi uye mishonga, uyewo kuvhiya kubviswa anomera. Makatsemuka ari horo munzvimbo rinorapika zvakakwana chaizvo dzokugezera, zvokudya, achiporesa makenduru mumakenduru uye, uyewo surgically. Heniya uye rectal prolapse kubvisa zvomusejari nzira.