Sei wakaoma vatanhi mashizha? Makwapa mashizha muzambiringa

Grapes - chipo wechokwadi zvakasikwa, idura mavhitaminzi uye zvicherwa zviri kukoshesa muviri womunhu. Chikwata zhinji mudzidzi vari mubasa kurimwa muchero uyu utano, kunyange hazvina kudaro nyore. Zvakakodzera kufunga zvakawanda zvinhu, uye inobudisa inosimudzira kunowanzoitika kukura mazambiringa, uye nokungwarira kuongorora chidzoke zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana kuti, zvinosuwisa, unogona kukanganiswa.

Chikwata ruzivo vanoziva kuti kana muzambiringa mashizha akatanga wakafukidzwa makwapa, ichi ndicho chiratidzo chirwere zvinomera okutanga. Chirwere haana kumborega munguva, zvinogona kutungamirira chokwadi kuti akuvara harisi chete gwenzi kurwara, asi zvirimwa uyewo pedyo uyewo.

The zvinokonzera zvirwere mazambiringa

Kuongorora nei kwamazambiringa yakaoma kunosiya, kana paiva nemamwe kuchinja chitarisiko chawo, zvakakodzera kusendama kurutivi chokwadi chokuti chirimwa anorwara.

Zvikonzero izvi zvingava zvakasiyana:

• kukura mazambiringa kuchamhembe kunzvimbo inotonhora zvokuti, ari kutosika pamutanhiko kuti kuchafumurwa kuti zvirwere;
• mazambiringa, riri pasi chando viomak, uyewo riri munzvimbo ngozi, sezvo paine rinowanika kurega kunotanga mhepo, pane mukuru mwando, inova maberekero pasi kuti utachiona siyana;
• sizvo Zvinoumba ivhu, kushaya mwando, kupisa uye chiedza chinowedzera asiri zvirwere, apo kwete chete yakaoma kana mazambiringa mashizha vakatendeukira shava, asiwo unoomesa muzinga uye chiwondomoke michero (kunze, kuti chirimwa simba chaizvo uye anova kubatwa zvirwere);
• dzakasiyana-siyana mabhakitiriya, notumwe uye mavhairasi pachishandiswa mhepo kubva hosha zvinomera, uye dzimwe nguva navo zvakaoma saka kurwa, chete kutsiva zvakakanganisa pamakwenzi zvakawanda nemishonga mhando mazambiringa, unogona kubvisa dambudziko iri.

Asi, zvakadaro, pane nzira dzakawanda kurwisa zvirwere omuzambiringa, chete unofanira zvakarurama kuziva mhando chirwere uye azive kubvisa neimwe.

Downy nokuvhuvha

Uyu chirwere ngozi unonziwo nokuvhuvha, kazhinji yakakonzerwa chakuvhe kuti anogona kukanganisa ramazambiringa mashizha, asi ovary, uye majaya matavi. Chokwadi chokuti chirimwa akarohwa chakuvhe iri nyore pakutsvaga muchimiro mashizha. Vari kufukidzwa pamusoro chiedza mavara yellowish mumvuri, uye nechepasi aumbwa powdery chena unhani. Chakuvhe sezvo nokukurumidza kuumba spores itsva kuti vakatakudzwa nemhepo, pakarepo kombera yakavakidzana pamakwenzi.

Mashizha ari muzambiringa kuchekwa kutendeukira yeyero chiwondomoke, ipapo ikaona kure pamusoro mabukira, saka kuti kufa maruva uye michero dzinotanga blacken, kuti wince uye idonhe.

Nzira yakanaka kudzivirira chirwere ichi ndiko kudyara nedhiri akapoteredza mizambiringa. Rinopawo rakanakisisa mugumisiro spraying pakati ari Bordeaux musanganiswa (1% mhinduro) munguva apo namabukira uye vasati maruva. Kana chirimwa achiri kurwara nokuvhuvha, zvino, zvakare, panguva chiratidzo chacho chokutanga sprayed pamwe Bordeaux muvhenganiswa kana kugadzirira "Ridomil-Gold". Tapota ziva kuti spraying anomiswa kwemwedzi pamberi yokukohwa.

Kana vekwaunogara maperembudzi chaizvo nevakawanda, zvino, silt chakasimwa mazambiringa vanofanira pakutanga sarudza mhando husingakwanisi nokuvhuvha, uye vane zvakawanda.

Powdery nokuvhuvha

Ichi chirwere - powdery nokuvhuvha, pamusoro zita chakuvhe hunokonzera izvozvo, yemanyorero kunokanganisa aboveground chikamu mazambiringa ari inopisa yakaoma kumwedzi. The chiratidzo chokutanga - makwapa aonekwa Mashizha muzambiringa unhu pfumbu ruvara kana unhani achiumbwa pamusoro pepasi jira. The machira vakanga aiyanika kunze uye kuparara, uye michero dzinotanga kutsemuka.

Kana musingadi kubvisa ari chakuvhe, zvakachengeteka rinogona overwinter zvakare pamusoro mashizha akawa uye nhungirwa muchirimo, kunetsa chirimwa.

rubatsiro Good matanho aya, izvo nechokwadi mhepo yakakwana mizambiringa, kureva achicheka gobvu mabukira, kudyara makwenzi kure yakakwana, nguva Kusakura.

Achitaura nzira achabvisa zvirwere amuka, pane kushandisa makemikari vamiririri, kunyanya colloidal nesarufa.

pfumbu muforoma

Izvi Kukundwa mazambiringa rinorondedzerawo kune fungal zvirwere. Mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka nokuti parinowanika - inodziya nyoro kwezvakatipoteredza. Kazhinji anofukidza aboveground chikamu muzambiringa. First kukanganiswa vatanhi mashizha, anoonekwa fluffy pfumbu patina. Kuchangotanga kwebasa mashizha, kugeza, uye hosha iri kupararira nekukurumidza rose chirimwa. Zvikurukuru nedambudziko vari achikura kana kare akaibva michero. Vakatendeuka shava uye kutanga kuora nokukurumidza, unoita kuti dzisingatomboiti rinodyiwa.

Inoshanda aungazviita wachena ora yakareruka. Zvaringana kubvisa zvose njodzi zvikamu mugwenzi, uye ipapo uzvipise. Ipapo mazambiringa mugwenzi vari sprayed pamwe kugadzirisa kuti kubika pasoda, iyo rakasanganiswa pa mwero hafu yetea 1 fő mvura inoshandiswa kana mhinduro kuti sipo zvakasvibirira.

cercosporosis

Kana ukaona kuti mazambiringa akaoma mashizha kuti rakafukidza pasi kubatwa womuorivhi ruvara, uye ipapo kuwira pasi, kuti hapana kukanganisa - akarova fungal chirwere akadai cercospora kukanganiswawo. Zvadaro, vherevheti unhani rukoko anofukidza gunde, pashure iyo michero vari zvakasimba, pamwe chinoratidza ruvara tint. Kana chiedza chingakubata anowira pasi.

Ubvisei muti chakuvhe ichi anobatsira zvinotevera matanho:

• Kubviswa utachiona mazambiringa zvikamu uye kwavakazoita combustion;
• processing Bordeaux muvhenganiswa kanenge 2-3 nguva;
• akangwarira hanya, nokusika nokuti mizambiringa Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri kukura ezvinhu.

rubella

chirwere ichi chinozivikanwa kubvira panguva yakare, apo chete akatanga kukudziridza muzambiringa. Zvingava non-chirwere uye kuitika kazhinji iri kwakanyanya richipisa, inova pakati zhizha zvakasiyana. Red mazambiringa inosiya - anozivikanwa chiratidzo, zvichiratidza kuti chirimwa haina potassium. Kana nguva asingadi kutora matanho, mazambiringa inogona kurasika, uye nenguva kushandisa fetiraiza, kusanganisira 1% potassium nitrate, unogona kubudirira kukurira dambudziko iri.

General matanho

Hapana zvachose pasina vatanhi mhando, vasingadi kuva pasi chimwe chirwere. Asi kana nguva kubvisa mashizha kufa, pevhu ivhu, nenguva achidiridzira, chisungo tsvimbo, bvisa suckers uye kufudza inotonhorera muvhenganiswa kuti zvirwere zvakawanda zvinogona kudziviswa nokunyatsonzwisisa mazambiringa kukuru.

Pokushandisa kunenge dzataurwa mupepa, unogona kukura mazambiringa akanaka, iyo achafara zvibereko kwemakore akawanda.