Ppm - ndiwo sei? Chii mwero zvinobvumidzwa doro muropa muzvikamu miriyoni paminiti?

Ppm - chikwata kuziva uwandu doro muropa. Imwe chairema ppm ari kuzviuru ane fuma kubva chegumi chimwe muzana mvura. Pane musiyano pakati mukono nehadzi ari kuziviswa yacho chinoratidza. Ppm - ndiwo sei? mubvunzo uyu inofarirwa nevakawanda.

Kuongorora uye kukarukureta

Sign ppm sezvinotevera - ‰. Chinowanzoonekwa kuvhiringidzwa muzana chiratidzo, ndiro chikanganiso.

• 1 ‰ = 0,1% = 1/1000 = 0,001.
• 100 ‰ = 10% = 0.1.
• 200 ‰ = 200/1000 = 20% = 0.2.

Mushure maminitsi 30 pashure ingestion muvanhu vanogona kuzviona kufadza wevasungwa doro.

Ppm - chiyero kuti anopa mashoko pamusoro:

• doro tigutsikane panguva chaiyo;
• -siyana chinwiwa vhoriyamu;
• nguva kunodiwa kuitira kuti doro chinobviswa kunze kwomuviri.

The mugumisiro achavaponesa zvinotevera parameters:

• uremu, pabonde, makore munhu;
• muzana mvura inobva uremu womunhu muviri;
• doro vhoriyamu, iro rakagamuchirwa.

Saka ppm - ndiwo sei?

zvokukura kudhaka

zvokukura kudhaka zvinosiyana zvichienderana doro ukapisa. Wokutanga kunoratidzwa chete zvishoma kudhaka, paavhareji kwokuomerwa kuchaitika yechipiri, wakaoma mwero kudhaka iri Danho rechitatu. Yokupedzisira chikuva upenyu-kutyisidzira nokuti anogona kuva pakoma uye kunyange rufu.

A inouraya dose yaizova munhu:

• 4-8 c. ethyl doro pa 1 kg kurema muviri kuti vakura munhu;
• 3 c. pa 1 kg kurema kuyaruka, vanorwara uye vakwegura.

Next nehurukuro chikamu panyaya iyi muropa padanho rimwe nerimwe;

• kusvika 0.3% - vakadhakwa vasipo;
• 0.3-0.5% - simba riri nani utera;
• 0.5-1.5% - zvinoreva zvishomanana dhigirii;
• 1.5-2.5% - avhareji dhigirii;
• 2.5-3% - danho rakasimba;
• 3-5% - rinorema kutotanga, panguva iyo anogona kuitika pakoma kunyange rufu;
• 5-6% - kune ngozi dose.

Ppm, izvo akabvumira

Chii anobvumirwa paminiti mille? Ndiyo mari panguva iyo kunyange kutyaira.

At chii Huwandu doro kuparadzwa motokari vachava vakachengeteka? Maitiro uye mutyairi akakutsamwira achizosiyana zvichienderana paminiti mille:

• 0.1-0.6 ppm. Kufambira chiedza bhuku kunoonekwa vaguely. Murombo tinyatsonzwisisa zvinhu. Style kuti kutyaira inova ngozi, kukurumidza kazhinji akapfuudza bvumidzwa mwero, mutyairi anogona kukuvadza vamwe.
• 0.6-0.9 ppm. Kukoshesa kukodzera marefu kusaenzana kunoitika, imwe uchimutarira zvinhu zvakaoma. Chiedza, kure, chiratidzo dzimwe motokari uye motokari achitungidza mutyairi haina zvakakwana anoongwa.
• 0.9-1.3 ppm. Kudhakwa chinozorodza. Pane rutapudzo pakati pakona maonero, simba uye isiri maonero chaicho. Attention vasipo zvachose, yakakwirira mwero kudhaka zvinoita mutyairi ngozi vamwe uye kuti ini pachangu uyewo.
• 1.3-2.5 ppm. Ndichengetedze pfungwa chakaoma, nokuti nokutyaira motokari haazi kunze mubvunzo. Madzerere, maitiro, dzidziso iri muchadenga.

Achirega ppm iri 0.1 dzakabatana zvichidzika.

Zviratidzo kudhaka

Munhu anonzi vakadhakwa kana pane nhamba zviratidzo. Ivo:

• munhuhwi simba doro kubva pamuromo;
• kusagadzikana mamiriro, akaratidza achibvunda nemimwe;
• kutaura nyonganyonga, maitiro asina maererano ezvinhu;
• chimbichimbi kuchinja ruvara rweganda (akatsvuka, blanching);
• unopinza sangano zvakaipa, maitiro kunaka.

How kuona ppm kubvumirwa kana kunwa doro?

Ratio kuti ppm muropa uye zviratidzo maitiro zvimwe zvokukura kudhaka riri sezvinotevera.

Pachiyero 0,010-0,030 doro chinhu chakaipa maitiro nezvirwere anogona kuziva chaizvo zvigadzirwa chete, kudhaka Danho kwakadaro vaiona vanyoro zvakavanzika.

Kana padanho doro 0,031-0,060 maitiro kunoratidzwa munyoro euphoria, anamakuhwa, kutandara, kuderera padanho kuzvidzora yadzikira wevasungwa anova nyore kudhaka svikiro.

At padanho doro 0,061-0,1 maitiro akasiyana extroversion, dulling manzwiro zvose, disinhibition simba, havachanyatsogoni maonero uye mafungiro, pane murombo kwaiita mboni kuti chiedza, zvichiri neavhareji mwero kudhaka.

At padanho doro 0,11-0,2 maitiro akasiyana manyemwe, hasha, simba nemanzwiro zvinochinja, expressiveness, vakakanganisa hunenge, kutaura zvakajeka, kudzora unhu, injini unyanzvi, kudhaka kunoitika rurefu mukana, ane simba mwero kudhaka.

At padanho doro 0,21-0,30 maitiro kwakasiyana ndivete kuti ndingangokuvara kurasikirwa pfungwa, vachinetesa ose nezvekufadza, havachanyatsogoni ndangariro, kuziva, injini unyanzvi, zvokukura kudhaka kwakakomba, kunoitika chepfu.

Kana pachiyero 0,31-0,40 maitiro kunoratidzwa kurasikirwa pfungwa, mashoko chinovhiringidza rakasimba ari nechepakati tsinga kunogona kuitika kuurayisa vakakanganisa masimba, kurova kwehana, kufema, zvakanyatsoenzana kunoitika kudhaka pamwe simba kudhaka.

Pachiyero 0,41-0,51 maitiro hwokuratidza kurasikirwa pfungwa, zvichida zvinouraya, kuzvidzora wakarasika, akaputsika mweya, palpitations, pane nystagmus, kudhaka simba, ngozi upenyu hwevanhu.

Pachiyero vanopfuura 0.51 kunouya chepfu rakasimba muviri pamwe chinouraya mugumisiro.

Zvinouraya dose: Pane mhinduro iri nyore?

Ppm - nechiyero, kogotory anogona kubatsira kuona inouraya dose.

In munhu mhosva nomumwe nayo nenhamba anosiyana. Kunyange chiremba chinonetsa zvakajeka kutsanangura. Saka sei doro zvikuru unogona kunwa, uye zvakadini kwava nengozi kuvanhu?

In nhamba, nhamba idzi Takatodzidza. 6-8 ppm zvidzidzo vachava ngozi dose munhu mukuru munhu, 2,5 ppm anoratidza simba kudhaka. Asi yamunenge avhareji munhu kufunga marita.

Saka zvazvingava ppm anozivikanwa.

Kana ukanwa mumwe dende vodka mukuru, iwe tora 2,5 chete ppm. Uye kana ukatora mabhodhoro matatu Vhoriyamu hafu ity, ipapo richava inouraya dose. Asi chinofanira kurangarirwa kuti kushandisa doro munhu anofanira kuti inenge awa. Asi kana imi ruoko doro kwenguva refu, kunyanya nokuda tudyo uye kushingaira kufamba, rufu ndiwo kudhaka akasimba kwete chete.

The waini uye doro simba yevasungwa doro. Kuti uwane ngozi dose, unofanira kunwa yakawanda. With vakawanda kunwa kunouya rwokudzivirira maitiro nhengo muchimiro kurutsa, saka vamwe doro kunze kwomuviri unoratidzwa. Inouraya dose kunobva uremu, zera, bonde, uye nezvirwere.

Nokudaro, ppm - chiyero ropa doro wevasungwa, a dzawo chaizvo paakati.