Peterhof, yokumusoro paka: zvivezwa, namatsime, mapikicha

Peterhof - yakaisvonaka paka pamwe matsime mazhinji uye zvivezwa, riri 29 chete kubva St. Petersburg, kumaodzanyemba pamahombekombe Gulf Finland. In yayo Kukura, paki iri haisi bvumidza kunyange French Versailles, ukuru yamatsime runopfuura izvozvo.

The paka iri muzvikamu zviviri: Membros Peterhof. Yokumusoro paka iduku zvikuru pane rezasi, asi kwete muduku kwaari runako uye mavambo. Tinogona kutaura kuti mumwe nomumwe wavo kunoshamisa uye inonakidza kwavowo. In nyaya yedu isu chainyanya pamusoro Upper Park. Batsirai kupa muumbozha, iyo yakasiyana Peterhof mapikicha anamira munyaya dzinenge zvishoma.

History Park Education

Nhasi youmambo Ensemble paka rinosanganisira 4 youmbozha Pazvinoitika uye 176 unmatched runako matsime. Uye makore 300 apfuura, maingova anezvimiti uye iri kumativi musha. Zvisinei, muna 1710s, Peter I chirevo pamusoro mangwanani vanoshingaira mapurani uye nzvimbo nemabasa. Nemhaka vazhinji kupona magwaro, mifananidzo uye vanodhirowa kunyange akasvika tifunge kuti vamwe zvaMambo tsime, uyewo pfungwa kwekuronga Ensemble zvavo uye kukura mvura gadziriro muridzi nokuda mambo pachake.

By 1723 rapera huru mumuzinda dzokugara zvakakwana uye ainzi "Peterhof". Panovhurwa park, pamwe pakuparurwa huru zvivako reTsime - Grand Cascade - sezvo zvakaitika gore rino. The zita "Peterhof" mutauro wokuGermany rinoshandurwa se "Petrova Manor." Kubva 1762 kudana Peterhof akava uye guta akakurira kunhivi youmambo dzokugara, uye yose yamambo uye Park Ensemble, akatatamura dzakaripoteredza. Grand Cascade nedzimwe namatsime wandei vakanga vakazvipira wokuRussia kukunda iri muna Northern War, uye pashure paizvozvo paiva Russian Empire. Pakuvaka miziyamu, pakutanga sehofisi dzokugara yaKesari, vakanga vatendeuka mushure October Revolution.

yakaoma

Panguva Second World War nokuda paki akauya rima nguva, nokuti muvengi atirari rakaparadzwa anenge zvachose. Zvisinei, nemhaka zvinenge rinopfuura revanhu kuedza vashandi ari miziyamu anenge 50 vakanyoresa uye vanenge 8000 zvinhu romuzinda omukati akakwanisa kutora kunyange pamberi neGermany. Yakanga Chokwadi, chinokosha kukunda ounyanzvi, asi zvinosuwisa, zvinhu kuti vakaponeswa, ndiyo mwero chete chikamu pfuma yose Peterhof a.

Peterhof akatanga ndiponesezve chete pashure pehondo, uye basa nguva nenguva kudzorerwa kuramba nhasi. Muna 1945 Lower Park Peterhof wakavhurwa. Makore maviri gare gare zvakanzi kuzodzosera yakaiswa uye anosikwa zvachose akakurumbira "Samusoni" Tsime, kuti ndege iyo nenhokwe 20 metres marefu uye izvo, nemhaka ayo anoshamisa runako, haana kuparadzwa nevaNazi, uye akanga chete kuendeswa Germany. Kudzorerwa Peterhof Palace akatanga muna 1952, uye dzimba ake okutanga akavhurwa kwemakore 12. Inenge kubva mumadota akamuka anosikwa Peterhof. The Kuwanika zvikuru dzakatarwa.

Peterhof Palace

Large Imperial Palace ndiye chivako dzepamusorosoro iri youmbozha Peterhof Park. Iye anomira muchizvikudza pamusoro Grand Pazvinoitika yaienda mupaki nzvimbo. Mumuzinda yakavakwa hunokosha werudzii Petrine Baroque, asi nokufamba kwenguva izvozvo rakapfuurira kupedza kuvaka sezvinoita vakasimba Baroque. Under yamambo iri decoration cavern.

Sezvambotaurwa, mupaka rakakamurwa Membros mumapaka. Lower Park iri munzvimbo 102.5 hectares, uye anodyisa 22-kiromita mvura Mapaipi. Upper Park ane nzvimbo nzvimbo duku, asi kwete muduku Lower Park Luxury uye kusiyana tsime racho uye mifananidzo.

Attractions Upper Park

Huru uchikwezvwa, riri inozivikanwa Peterhof, Upper Park, zviri zvakakwana symmetry. Zvitubu vari zvakare iri symmetrically pakati ndiye "Neptune", "Oak" uye "Mezheumny", vose zvinoshongedza zororo reTsime pamberi divi wamapapiro yamambo. "Neptune" (tsime) - munhu unonyanyoshandiswa park, yakashongedzwa yakawanda yakasiyana Ages zvivezwa.

Chimwe Kukwezva of Upper Park - zvina machena zvivezwa kubudikidza Italian Dzhovanni Bonatstsa uye akagadzawo pano muna 1757. Izvi "Pomona", "Zephyr", "Flora" uye "Vertumnus". Chimwe pamusoro mubindu yakashongedzwa maruva mutema nzira, iyo anowana yakajeka ruvara mutsvuku mumatsutso mwaka.

Fountain "Neptune"

Sezvo mukuru nemamiriro Upper Park, Chitubu anotarira youmbozha chaizvo uye zvakatonyanya pane vamwe. "Neptune" - chitubu, yakashongedzwa-Tiered matatu boka zvivezwa uye chirefu pamusoro payo nomugungwa ishe, akabata muruoko rwake trident kuchinja. Sezvo kumativi mana ichi sezvamunoita zvaro akaronga pamwe Masiki zvomumvura zvisikwa iyo mvura jets vouta.

Mativi zvitsigiro pamwe Neptune agere zvikwasviso mumaoko rwizi nymphs. The chaizvo chete nechigadziko akashongedzwa korari zhinji, reliefs uye dzimwe kutungamirira nhengo, uyewo inofananidza musikana uye mukomana yendarira. Neptune vachiri kumativi vatasvi vari hippocampus (mapapiro gungwa namabhiza), izvo zvinoita kuti kudzivirira mwari ngano uye vachiri kukurudzira Dolphins. Pane Dolphins ari Tsime mumudziyo - sere symmetrically akaronga nenhamba.

Kurutivi rwezasi reTsime "Neptune" iri mudariro diki, vatatu inotsika iyo mvura Rwako, uye pamusoro izvo pane chifananidzo Apollona Belvederskogo, akaita yendarira (kushandiswa panzvimbo yayo yaiva chidhori "Winter" kubva mutobvu). Uye "Apollo" uye "Neptune" akazviratidza pano kwete kamwe, asi chete muna 1736. Pakutanga, mumwoyo bheseni yaiva "yekutengera Neptunian", akaita mutobvu Zvisinei, pashure chakasakara, chikatsiviwa sculptural sezvamunoita "Neptune" (vakasikwa XVII remakore muNuremberg). Saka kuti chokutanga nguva chivezwa kwakaitika Germany.

Nhoroondo "Neptune"

Kusikwa yakasiyana nedzimwe Tsime boka rakanga ichatonga zvine mbiri German Empire, apo nyika rakadzikwa mazana sezvivako akanaka. MuNuremberg pave chinhu rakasiyana kuti ashongedze dzomumaguta kumusika. Fountain akasarudza uwirirane Rugare chokuWestphalia, hwogumisa War Years gumi '- chiitiko chinokosha munhau German. Panyaya iyi, musi pakusikwa chivezwa basa yakanaka mhizha muumambo hwacho. Nymphs pedyo Neptune mudzidziso panguva iyoyo nezita rwizi, uye kongiri - Pegnitz uye Regnitz. On the nechigadziko achiri aripo zviratidzo muNuremberg, meya uye chanzera. Kwasara sculptural sezvamunoita yaisanganisira 27 nenhamba.

Zvisinei, pakupera basa naro Zvakazoitika kuti muNuremberg Pegnitz uye Regnitz rwizi haisi mvura yakakwana nokushanda yakadaro akakura tsime sezvamunoita. Ipapo aifanira nekukatanura uye kutamira kune nguva anonzi nani. Somugumisiro, chivezwa mu batsira makore 130 chete - zviremera guta yakasarudza vazadze kumusoro mari aro, bhajeti uye pfungwa panguva mugari wenhaka kune Russian choushe, Paul rezvipfuwo muNuremberg munguva rwendo Western Europe, kuzotenga "Neptune." Paul, achida kuratidza kupfuma yeRussian Empire, pasina kumbozengurira, akabvuma kutama iyi kutenga sculptural boka 30 000 rubles - panguva iyoyo mari yakawanda.

Fountain "Mezheumny"

Pavanopinda kuti "Peterhof" (Upper Park), rwezasi "Neptune" riri reraundi pool, akashongedzwa zvivezwa Ndarira shato uye mana Dolphins. Pamuromo shato vachichimbidzika vakatama mvura ndege, Dolphins uye achitevedzera mvura. bheseni ichi pakutanga kutungamirira "Andromeda", ipapo panzvimbo yayo nokuda kwemakore mukasaatarira rimwe chivezwa, uye zvaiita kutaridza mufananidzo mapapiro dhiragoni yendarira. Maererano sezvamunoita izvozvi anonzi "Kuputika" Mezheumny "(kana" nokusingagumi ").

Asi nyaya yacho Zvinoumba impermanence mberi. Zibukanana akazonzi delfinopodobnuyu chivezwa "sterlet", uye pakupedzisira - kuti chakakandirwa-yesimbi mbiya. dragoni wakadzokera 1958, asi akanga zvitsva panzvimbo yayo. Uye dhiragoni uye Dolphins vakakandirwa patsva kubva vasara vanodhirowa shoma.

"Oak" Fountain

Fountain "Oak" pamusoro Peterhof iri mukati mumwe, ariwo tenderera dziva. Iye-wakananga nhanhatu nyeredzi, mativi vari Dolphins, uye pakati - ". Boy ne chokuzvivanza" iri gilded machena chivezwa Pakutanga, naicho akatarisa zvakasiyana. Muna 1734, pakava achitungamirira, "Oak", takakombwa Dolphins matanhatu nezvitatu hwamakava, asi akabviswa pashure pemakore 12. Muna 1802, rwiyo urwu makasimba Lower Park.

Asi shure Chitubu pakutanga achiwana zita "Oak", kunyange zvazvo pasina "Oak" iri murwiyo akanga asipo. Kwekanguva pakati reTsime yakanga mifananidzo emapuranga "Cornucopia", asi raderera uye pakupedzisira chikatsiviwa "mukomana ane asingazivikanwi."

dzimwe zvivezwa

"Peterhof" (Upper Park) Uyewo inozivikanwa madziva ayo mukuru - sikweya mudziva akachera 1719 kupa mvura iri Lower Park. Muna 1773, pakati reservoirs izvi makasimbisa sculptural mapoka yakapoteredzwa Dolphins mutobvu. Asi pashure pemakore akawanda, havana raderera uye atsiviwa zvatinosiita vane mwero tote jets. Chete muna 1956 sikweya mudziva kudzokera yaimbova chitarisiko.

Muna Upper Park unogona kuona zvenzombe Peterhof yakadai Italian Venus retsime, inova chivezwa akapoteredzwa Dolphins matanhatu. Necheseri reTsime kunoonekwa Church of St. Peter uye St. Paul, inova chikamu Peterhof Palace.

yakakurumbira paka

Uye ichi ndicho chete chii zvishoma pane kuziva Peterhof yaro namatsime zvinokosha uye zvivezwa. Zvechokwadi, mune ichi unbeatable paka chakakodzera kushanyira - vachaora chisingakanganwiki zvechokwadi chete. Uyewo kukubvumira kunakidzwa chokwadi Peterhof ndiye mukurumbira, photo, izvo kana kwete zvakazara, asi vachiri kuratidza runako enyika akakurumbira paki.