Nhoroondo Pfupi batik sezvo unyanzvi

Man ane nguva dzose, kubva kare kwarwo, vakatsvaka kuti ndishongedze nyika yakavapoteredza. Nokufamba akaenda zvose kuti tinogona kuva zvishoma kuchinja zvinhu, mamiriro ezvinhu rakapoteredzwa. стория батика рассказывает как раз об этом. Uye Story batik anoudza chete nezvazvo.

Batik - muenzaniso pamusoro jira

nguva dzose Fabric pendi vanhu vakaenda kamwe vakadzidza micheka kana yakanyatsobatana jira. Chokwadi, batik - unyanzvi, kwete utilitarian kuitwa kuti Siyanisai nzira youpenyu, uye kunogona dzakaonda chaizvo uye haana simba, rinoda kwazvo unyanzvi emhizha kushanda iri rinonakidza rwokugadzira.

Technical unhu batik

Pasinei nokufambira mberi mune zvemichina, zvinhu, Chinyorwa art batik richiri kushanda uye ari kudiwa. Rinoshandiswa sezvo yakazvimirira unyanzvi chimiro uye senzira yokushongedzwa Whitehead Textile zvinhu - zvipfeko, Scarves, maketeni, chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo mifananidzo. Shoko "batik" rinobva pashoko yekare Indian "kuderera wakisi." Uye Wakisi ichi pakutanga kushandiswa sepokutangira haasaruri värjäys micheka kubudisa mapatani uye nezvishongo. Uye ichi zvinhu uye achiri rinoshandiswa Nzira inopisa batik. The chaizvo chete Michina staining rinenge riri unyanzvi batik ane dzokugara dzakawanda kuti tiudzewo mumwe musimboti - redundancy, kureva, kudzivirira munhu zvikamu mifananidzo kuitira kuchengetedza ruvara dzavo pamusoro mberi staining. Pfungwa iyi kuitwa dzakasiyana, zvichienderana Nzira kuti batik.

Kuwedzera zvekushandisa divi, batik ine zvinoyevedza features, nokuti rakasiyana - mubatanidzwa marudzi akawanda iwe wakanaka. Pano unogona kuwana zvinhu Graphics, watercoloured, pastels, kunyange Stained girazi uye mosaics. Unyanzvi batik yakasiyana nedzimwe pakuti zviri nyore chaizvo kuti vadzidze. ounyanzvi vanoonga mhando iyi, sezvo paine basa unyanzvi uyu akasiyana Somuenzaniso, izvo zvinogona dzakachinjwa, kana zvichikodzera, mamwe Decorating mitoo kusvikira nomusoni kana applique.

South Asia - the nzvimbo yechizvarirwo kuti batik

Sezvo dzekare vanoti, akaberekwa unyanzvi värjäys (batik) kuIndonesia. "Anbatik" mumutauro wemo rinoreva "kuzochera". Nechekare munguva idzodzo vakadzi vakatsvaka vashongedze zvipfeko. Izvi, Chokwadi, vavariro dzavo - kusimbisa vari imwe genus chaiwo mavara uye mapatani. Kunyange zvazvo madhayi vaiva vashoma, asi unyanzvi batik unokubvumira kusika siyana akapendwa batana.

приобрел оттенки охры и цвет индиго - песчаные полутона от густой тени до цвета слоновой кости разбавлялись ярко-синими пятнами высокого неба. In Indonesia, batik akawana noruvara ocher uye indigo - jecha halftones kubudikidza gobvu mumvuri kuti dzenzou rakasanganiswa rebhuruu dzakakwirira zvivara. Mumwe nokungwarira kurindwa zvakavanzika genus vachigadzirira dhayi zvinogadzirisa, nzira nokushandisa ingi uye batik muenzaniso. Nokuti mavara hwakarongwa nguo aigona kuudza chaizvoizvo kuti chii genus ndorwevaya ichi kana kuti munhu. Figures ispolzvat zvakasiyana - abstract, hwakajeka mazano, rondedzero nyaya. Recent ainyanya vakashumira kusika mifananidzo nokuda kushongedzwa machechi.

Indonesia uye India, apo unyanzvi batik kwakaita zvakanaka uye wakanzi "bandhana" Shandisa donje jira. Vytkanye manually zvinyama nokungwarira vybelivalis, akaomeswa kufunga vavo vakaenda zvakajeka sezvinobvira uye muchechetere. tsika dzekare vanhu Indonesia uye India Unique akatanga donje rejira, zvemachira batik unyanzvi. Nhoroondo iyi uri muchimiro iine midzi yekare kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva inoti.

Tsika China uye Japan

Munyika zvose interconnected. Art vakanga kunzwisisa nzira munyika dzakasiyana, kubva rudzi, kuchipedza chinhu chitsva, yakasiyana uye kuparadzira kutora mberi uye mberi. . Izvi zvakaitika magadzirirwo pamusoro batik, nhoroondo kukura uye iyo inoratidza kuti hazvina kwapfuura munhu yakaoma nzira, anoshamisa. Zvishoma nezvishoma akasangana kudiwa kwezvisikwa, uye ipapo wakanakisisa art China uye Japan. China chaauya batik dzinongoitika sirika. Kubva nguva iyi zvinyama staining yakatorwa pavanogadzira nenyama mavara, kana kuti, kunyange pasi uye semitones, saka mutete raiva basa iri pasi pavatenzi vokuMabvazuva. On runako vakadzi Japanese kimono vakanga kunozivikanwa, asi vashoma vedu vanoziva sei kuti kuwana Mucheka wakanaka kudaro.

VokuJapan vakauya unyanzvi värjäys akamendwa sirika zvikurukuru, imwe nzira inokosha inonzi neizvi batik, kana jira rinamakwapa uye ipapo vybelivalas panguva aida nzvimbo uchishandisa alkali. Asi unyanzvi inopisa batik, akadzivirira nzvimbo zvinyama panguva värjäys muitiro uchishandisa wakisi vanatenzi akabvumira Japan uye China kuti unyanzvi ichi kureba kukwana unyanzvi kupenda pamusoro rejira. Oriental motifs, inopenya, zvine mavara kana mavara chiedza poluottenki vanoyemurwa munhu aigona kuona navo.

Industrial Europe uye batik

Sezvo batik kuEast Asia uye akasvika Europe? Achibatsirwa Dutch vafambi kumisa kutengeserana ukama kuSoutheast nyika Asian. Apo yeDutch vaiva kekutanga muna Indonesia, vakashamiswa nokunaka uye kusiyana pakati Whitehead Textile kushongedzwa temberi emo. Kujairika mapatani ari nyore donje vaitengeserana vanofarira. Vakauya batik unyanzvi muNetherlands, apo yose Europe akadzidza dhayi donje uye nesirika mune zvinofadza uye kujairika yakadaro unyanzvi imwe. Asi isingasviki remakore, sezvazvakaita zvinoshamisa, asi uri unoparadza nguva-vakatanga kupa nzira yakagadzirwa muEngland ramming unyanzvi. Machines, muchina maturusi, akakurumidza ndokutsika pamusoro akatambanudza pamatende richiswedera, jira kubva zvikuru dzemaoresa uye zvakachipa inenge batik kuyeukwa chete nevaya vanonzwisisa munhu akazvimiririra kuti ounyanzvi mhando iyi uye nezvaaigona kuripira tenzi. чуть было не закончилась, если бы не кустари-одиночки, сохранившие верность уникальному виду украшения полотен. Saka nhoroondo batik rakanga kutopera, kana kwete nokuti evanopfurikidza mhizha vakaramba vakatendeka kuna rakasiyana mhando yokushongedzwa mifananidzo.

Russian batik

History of batik muRussia yaiva nzira zvakaoma chaizvo, nokuda namahwindo zvakaita USSR neevakawanda nyika nyika. Uye kwakange unyanzvi muRussia chete mukutanga remakore rechi20, apo fashoni akauya modernist manyorerwo - akanaka kupendwa Scarves, nezvifukidzo zvameso iri vavariro okumabvazuva, chinofadza chekawo kwevanhukadzi madhirezi mifananidzo pairi. Uyezve, manyorerwo uyu midzi chete mumaguta makuru, mudunhu iri utsva ichi chaiva kushanda mutorwa. Artists pamusoro jira. mubasa batik kupenda Style, vasina mukana wokudzidza unyanzvi ichi, uye kazhinji zvakapinda ruzivo kuti haana kupa kukura vakawanda batik senzira ndishongedze upenyu.

Chinhu bedzi unyanzvi ichi yakabereka chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo zvikamu uye maketeni, monumentality yaiva izere zviratidzo Soviet. Batik sezvo unyanzvi fomu kwenguva refu vaisagona kuziva pacharo muRussia zvakawanda. Asi pakati pezana remakore rechi20 yakanga hworudzi urwu kupenda micheka kutanga pfungwa rumutsiriro. Munyika iri nokupora chakaipisisa hondo, okudhindira, apo vaimbi vakokwa kuti batik uye vadzidzi dzakatangwa kuvaka vanhu veSoviet Wakanaka, vakafanira zvinhu. Pakutanga akapendwa batik Scarves uye zvameso vakadzi, uyewo kusika decoration ukomba nokuda kushongedzwa pachena varaidzo uye tsika yokuitira.

mitambo Arts

Nhoroondo kwaita batik (pfupiso nyaya) kunoratidza kuti unyanzvi uyu aiva rwendo zvakaoma. Kana iwe kuderedza nahwo chitarisiko, vaifamba vakapoteredza nyika uye kuvandudza, ipapo hakuzochinji musimboti: batik - multicomponent iwe, unosanganisira zvose rinonyatsooneka kuti taikwanisa kumupa nyika uye rudzi, uyo kudanana batik uye vakatanga kushandisa kuti ashongedze nyika . Somuenzaniso, muna Russia batik vakagamuchira "dzidzo" ake chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo - aishingaira akashandisa muuki kuumba nhoroondo uye pachikuva backdrops kuti siyana chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo nezvinobvamo, kutamba zvesimba. The nyika kwakasimbiswa renyeredzi rose vatenzi batikistov akasika nemamwe mifananidzo batik akazadzwa storyline, vakawanda okunze, uye ichi ndicho kuputsika chaizvo okunyatsoshanda,.

Towel unyanzvi

Kunyange kana nhoroondo batik iri muchidimbu, hatikwanise unyanzvi kuita Scarves uye zvameso ari unyanzvi ichi. MuRussia, zvakanga akaberekwa makore 20 remakore rapfuura sezvinoita chezvinonhuwira munhu mufashoni kuitika - modernism. NEP waida kupenya pretentiousness, uye regai batik zvameso shongedza inopenya mifananidzo Japanese motifs, iyo panguva iyoyo yaiva yakakwirira chienderane fashoni. Nokufamba kwenguva pamusana ezvinhu batik izwi chakarasikirwa uremu zvose chinangwa uye Towel nounyanzvi rakapotsa anyangarika. Asi yechipiri yezana remakore, zvakare akararamazve unyanzvi chimiro, uye Scarves uye zvameso vakanga zvakare pamatende unyanzvi kwacho uye yepamusoro nemabasa okusika yavanatenzi ose batik.

Irina Trofimova nevamwe

Kwakatangira batik, kukura kwayo muSoviet Union iri zvakabatana chaizvo pamwe zita Irina Trofimova. Unyanzvi kupenda pamusoro jira muSoviet Union kwakasimbiswa kushanda kubva muvare, nokuti muuki vasingagoni kuenda kunze tinyatsoziva unyanzvi panzvimbo yavo nezvekutanga. Chete yechipiri yezana remakore rechi20, Irina Trofimova akakwanisa kudzidza izvi zvinhu nokushanyira okudhindira kunze, uye kugovana ruzivo hwako nevamwe batikistami Russia. Irina Trofimova anonzi kuva mubereki dzekare batik munyika yedu, ayo akakura unyanzvi kuti batik akabvumira kuoneka zvakasiyana mirayiridzo, rimwe nerimwe vakabudirira dzakabudirira uye ikozvino. Tenzi batikisty Russia vainakidzwa zvakakodzera simba uye kuremekedzwa vaaishanda navo pamusoro mabasa batik. Chiedza, mifananidzo yepakutanga vakasikwa zvakasiyana zvikoro batik, captivate, achirova unyanzvi womufananidzo.

batik

Nhoroondo panowanikwa batik unyanzvi yakazokudziridzwa yose kwemazana emakore, asi basa chairo rine nzvimbo dzakawanda:

• Hot batik;
• batik;
• vakasununguka kupenda.

Unique uye istory kuti chando batik. Zvaiva naye vakatanga kukura unyanzvi ichi rejira kupenda. In yekare jira Indonesian kupendwa wokutanga nzvimbo aparadzane mumwe, achizadza pakakoromorwa namavara siyana uye maketeni. Vari hwakakanyiwa kuumba itsva ruvara zano. Zvakanga unyanzvi zvakaoma chaizvo, uyewo nyorova jira absorbs kuti pendi, yaida tenzi nokungwarira zvikuru. Panguva iyoyo, kuitira kudzivisa zvisingakoshi uye murombo vaiitawo pendi pamusoro rejira, uye akashandurwa sezvaari inopisa batik- "anbatik" - kuderera wakisi. Asi "inotonhora" unyanzvi akaramba kukura kwayo. Special adhesives, saka anonzi kuchengeterwa iyo kunodzivisa iri kupinda pakati colorant iri internet jira kunge yakatanga. Next, namira ichi desiccated hunogona kungoparara kubviswa kuti vape migove unpainted pamusoro web.

Hot batik

Art kupenda jira akawana tembiricha hunhu hakusi netsaona. Hot wakisi - hwaro unyanzvi ichi. History of batik vemarudzi akawanda, kusanganisira Japanese sirika kupenda "roketi", budiriro iri unyanzvi inopisa batik. The Hot Wakisi rinoshandisirwa jira nokuzadza rose kana chete zvikamu yaitaura contours, ipapo wakisi ngaarayire kure uye akashandisa zvakare kudzivirira vamwe mugove mumwe ruvara. Chinhu nzira dzisinganyatsooneki kuti anopa zvabuda kukuru. Izvi zvinoratidzwa mavara kimono Japanese vakadzi, vakawanda vacho vakanga vachiri kupendwa batik.

No kurambidzwa!

Zvisinei, nhoroondo zvigadzirwa batik - haasi chete yokunamisa nziyo achigadzirira muganhu mugove ruvara pamusoro web. The batik iri nzira chaiyo inonzi akasununguka kupenda. Anoshandisa nzira dzakawanda:

• Watercolour chidobi iri inked pachishandiswa brushes kana nebulizer, kupararira nokuita ruvara kuchinja pamusoro nemadhaka jira;
• Chidzitiro chidobi anoshandisa muenzaniso kureva jira kuburikidza rakanyorwa mabhii rinowanzodhinda mapepa uchishandisa furo chipanji nomuti;
• vakasununguka vanowanika kushandisa mufananidzo zvinhu yaunganidzwa nzvimbo zvinyama zvikamu vachishandisa nodes constrictions shinda uye brine.

Free kupenda - chinhu chinokosha yazvino art batik. Vakawanda kushandiswa mudzidzi nemhizha kuedza pamba pasina chinokosha maturusi uye zvinhu kupenda jira. chidobi Izvi nyore, asi anobvumira kuti vashongedze chinyakare mbatya - in casino, T-shirts.

Zvaitibatsira zvokuswedera pamusoro jira

Nhoroondo hurefu batik - nhoroondo pokumuka zvinhu uye midziyo inoshandiswa rejira kupenda. Tenzi batikisty vane zvombo rose maturusi. Izvi zvakasiyana pahupamhi uye Rigidity anokosha brushes kuti pendi uye guruu kana wakisi, dzakaonda magirazi sepombi nokuti nzvimbo unhani sezvamunoita, sirinji, sechipanji, achitanga, runotaura zvinyama mapanga, zvokudhindisa, funnels, mapurasitiki kana emapuranga zvimiti. Tools kana kutsvakwa inogona kutengwa dzakagadzirirwa muzvitoro nhumbi anogona.

Security kunokosha

Pasinei chokuti batik - unyanzvi kupenda pamusoro rejira, yatinoona zvinoenderana nekuchengetedzwa mitemo. Izvi imhaka zvokushandisa uye zvinhu zvinoshandiswa unyanzvi. Hot batik chidobi kunosanganisira kushandisa pachena rimi kana dzemagetsi Heaters itye wakisi. Pendi hakusi kushandiswa chaivo, kunyanya vanoda artisanal basa. Pokushandiswa kwemakemikari madhayi uye zvokufembedzwa zvingakonzera ganda kutsamwa kana nezvimwe zvinhu uye mucous. Batik kunoda hapana unodzivirira suit, asi vachiri kutevedza kuchengetedzwa matanho anofanira kunyatsoteerera vakatevera. Nyatsoongorora vanofanira kushanda zvose zvokushandisa, uchitanga mapanga chigero uye Kupedzwa magirazi sepombi nekuda pokushandisa zvokudya.

Batik iwe haana apedza kukura kwayo, zvinhu zvitsva uye ruzivo vanogara pamwe kukura ose okugadzira zvinhu, uye batik pamwe. Amazing maonero ounyanzvi kunoita upenyu zvizhinji zvinonakidza uye yakajeka nokushandisa akwegura unyanzvi uye vanatenzi ano.