Muchizvidya - chii: pfungwa kubatwa chinokatyamadza firimu kana mabiko?

Kana ukaedza kuwanikwa chaizvo kutsanangura chii muchizvidya ari firimu, tinogona kutaura - ndiwo apo "mukare" kana gamba nokuzevezera: "Musaenda ikoko!" Kana "Tendeukai kumativi!" Bouncing yake chair. Ndiyo inexorable kukura kunounzwa kunorwadza nokumirira, zvimwe zvinoshamisa kupinduka pinduka, kutya kunobva akachitarisa. The rinodudzwa "sapensovye nguva" viewership chinodiwa kutamira chiito. Aifungisisa kuona sokuti iye ikozvino, uye kwete chimiro firimu mungozi, kana ari kupfuura kuti harizi zvakananga ubatanidzwe zvose zviitiko pachena muna firimu. Ndizvo izwi - a "hauremi", "rwoga" ezvinhu wacho, nokuda kuitika on-screen chiito. Kana ichi tine pfungwa hauna chakarembera mumhepo, asi nokufamba kwenguva. vatungamiriri vakawanda kazhinji scratching misoro yavo pamusoro sei kubudirira muchizvidya, uye chete vanofanira kuva "tenzi nguva", kureva kuti kukwanisa tsonyera kana ruoko nguva yokuchinja omumwe vateereri vake.

Origin uye kushandisa

In Chirungu, shoko yave iripo kubvira muzana remakore rechigumi nemashanu, nenzira, pamwe madudziro emazwi iri rechipiri mabhii. Izwi kwakatangira muLatin uye rinobva suspensus (chaizvoizvo "yakaturikwa"). Uye chete muna 1952 pfungwa yakatanga kushandiswa kureva Genre: muchizvidya nyaya, muchizvidya thriller, kufara yokufungidzira. Mostly rinoshandiswa muna anotyisa, thrillers uye utsotsi thrillers, zvose zvinhu yaimbonzi "chiito-firimu." Asi modernity kugadzirisa, uye zvakaoma kuwana Genre firimu ubvise chisingazivi ane unyanzvi ichi. Handiti ndiye mumwe chakajeka uye simba kupfuura nzira zvinoshamisa, akakunda mubatirire Fafitera afunge.

Mienzaniso firimu Copyright

Zvechokwadi kunzwisisa kuti muchizvidya kwakadaro, unogona kuona mamwe yemunyori firimu muzvirongwa. Somuenzaniso, imwe firimu Andreya Tarkovskogo "Chibayiro", akavaka yakawanda panguva mabiko ichi, regai kuva chakaipa nezvokuparara "Stalker", mufananidzo uye thrillers zvinogona rakava. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti chinyararire firimu vaishandisawo kufara. Kuti zvaigoneka, zvinoratidza mufananidzo Lumiere hama 'Kusvika chitima ", hapana mubvunzo kuti vateereri panguva iyoyo kupfuura kufadza pavakabhabhatidzwa akashandiswa chii chiri kuitika pamusoro chidzitiro. Tod Browning firimu "yakapanduka" (1920) uye Fred S. Nyumeyera "Pakupedzisira yakachengeteka!" (1923) kuchaitawo kuva akakwana hwokuti chokwadi ichi.

King chinokatyamadza, chiyereso thriller

tenzi risingaenzaniswi chinokatyamadza - Alfred Hitchcock ari chakakodzera vaiona mambo muchizvidya, ake okusika manyorerwo zvachose yakakamurwa firimu iri vepamusoro uye vakawanda. Izvi reBritain neAmerica mukuru, kuchitsigira kukuchidzira kuti mutikitivha nyaya dzose yakakurumbira Sigmund Freud, akasika mureza thriller. On the wakashata munyori wacho werudzii Hitchcock anoti rose renyeredzi rimwe firimu mabasa akafanana, kusiyanisa kubva mifananidzo dzimwe directors. Style Master kunoratidzwa muna kudzokororwa vamwe zano motifs, nzira zvokudya vateereri, inoshamisa unyanzvi kuti filming, uye kunyange mhando vatambi. The Maestro guru kusawirirana kumanikidzwa akamanikidzira anodedera nokutya mamiriyoni vaoni. basa rake "The Lodger" (1926.) Kuri kuonekwa chikuru tsime muchizvidya. Achipindura mubvunzo Hitchcock: "muchizvidya - chii?" - tinogona kutaura kuti kuti vabudirire zvinokonzerwa okuyerera makakatanwa ari Fafitera vanofanira kuziva zvakawanda kupfuura anoziva yezvinongoerekana gamba.

kuneimwe shanduro

Mune imwe shanduro muchizvidya sechinhu Genre, inonzi muvambi David dziviriro Griffith Lyuelina, American mukuru, screenwriter, mutambi, mugadziri. Mibvunzo yakakwana uremu - ndiye wokutanga kushandisa pedyo-up kuti vabudirire chaiwo kunoshamisa zvazviri, vanonyatsoteerera zvizere, achipa firimu chaizvo uye rinobvumira Fafitera kunzwa tsitsi magamba ajairire kuitika. David ndiyewo wokutanga creatively uye nokungwarira kurapwa kuti kufanana kugadzwa. Munguva kubva 1909 kusvika 1912, akarayira dzakatevedzana mafirimu pfupi iri nyaya mutsetse rimwe - thrillers pamwe kunakidza kushanda kana rubatsiro anouya okupedzisira chaiyo, "nepaburi retsono njodzi," "maduku zvakaipa", "teregirafu kubva Lawndale," "Girl uye kuvimbika. " Kunyange musoro vamwe vanogona kutaura zvinonyatsoteerera - kufara. Kuti hazvina asi kunoratidza kwete chete yakafanana kugadzwa, uye kuti vari kuva mu mugumo mapuranga mapfupi uye mapfupi, saka zviri kupomba kupfuura nomukurumbira epfungwa. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti kana Hitchcock akatendeuka unyanzvi ichi munzvimbo yake vanozivikanwa, Griffith nokukurumidza akarishandisa mukusaziva, nomuzvarirwo.

"The digitaalinen chimurenga" uye Genre mokyumentari

Nhasi, ari Genre pakati muchizvidya nokugamuchira mokyumentari nebudiriro digitaalinen chimurenga, akaita vakashanduka. Kutanga pfungwa kuvapo, realism kunyanya mupfungwa zvakakanganisa vateereri. Traditional nzira pamusoro apa Zvisinei here kushanda, sezvo mafirimu akaita sezvinoita "akarasika nemafirimu". unyanzvi avo anoshandiswa Hitchcock, yazvino Fafitera haakonzeri kutya, asi kunyemwerera kana dzinokaroparuka chinosekwa. In sapens-nhoroondo vaburitsi kuwedzera kushandisa ndyaringo uye humour kuti kuderedza, unyanzvi ichi (mubatanidzwa mutambo uye yokushanda zvakaoma nhoroondo) kazhinji kuwanikwa dzakakurumbira mazuva ano vechidiki anotyisa. Heino kufara ano. Zvakaipa - hazvina zvakakodzera kuti nharo, nguva pandichaisa zvose panzvimbo yayo.