Marginality - chinhu yokusafa kuchiitwa chero vanhu?

Nhasi, vakawanda uye kakawanda unogona kunzwa kubva vamiririri vakadzidza vepamusoro kuti marginality sezvo pasocial chakajairika - njodzi yazvino zvoupfumi uye zvematongerwo enyika. Asi chii dzinorevei neizvi izwi? Kana marginality - iri mugumisiro zvikapesana yaivapo patsika dzemunharaunda, sei kurwisa uye kana uchida kuita izvi?

Zvakaratidza, marginality - nyaya kutyira evanhu ari 20-ies wekupedzisira remakore. Mumapepanhau panguva inonzi vakatamira dzakatamira North America, asingagoni akafanana nevanhu veko subculture. Gare gare, pfungwa marginality akava anoshanda kune shaggy pekugara pamwe pedyo marara, uye kune njere Artist rusununguko nemaonero upenyu.

Mukusarudza American nyanzvi Robert Park nezvenguva akataura matambudziko vaitamira pamusoro nokusimbaradza hanya pakati negurumwandira revanhu. Nhasi marginality - unhu rinowanzoshandiswa anonzi pwere nhasi, zvisina pasi kugamuchirwa dzemunharaunda uye tsika, asi haasi kudzivirira yako. Asi aripo kwete chete naye, asiwo vamwe munzanga. Naizvozvo tinogona kutaura kuti marginality - a socio-mupfungwa chaiyo iyo tinoberekwa chero vanhu.

Mabhuku nezvenyaya iyi, zvinotevera marudzi zviitiko:

• strukturanaya kana magariro;
• netsika kana ethno-tsika;
• shoma munzanga mabasa.

Modern nyanzvi mubasa kudzidza chii mhaka mapoka kuti havabvumirani aivapo patsika dzemunharaunda. Pane zvinhu zviviri zvikuru nzira kutsanangura chiitiko ichi. Vanhu vanogona kugamuchira ndozvakajairwa nokuti kuti munzanga panguva pane siyana evanhu kuchinja, uye nemhaka yavo mupfungwa maitiro.

A. Fardzh Somuenzaniso, akati marginalization chavagari ndiwo mugumisiro yokurwisana pakati patsika dzemunharaunda kuri kuti vane tsika dzakasiyana. Kazhinji, kupesana kwakadaro kunoitika apo pane chinokosha vaitamira Rwako. Atamisa vanotodzoka havambofi reconstructed uye vave zvakazara mapatani itsva maitiro anoita mutorwa. Fardzh shoma anodana vanhu vaya vasingagoni zvinoenderana zvakavapoteredza. Saka, vanogona kuva kwete chete navatorwa asiwo vanhu vakafirwa zvatinosiita munzanga. Brighton Beach, uye Chinatown panzvimbo US guta guru New York - ndiko chete mumapepanhau munharaunda vasingade uye musatora varayirwa, vakagamuchirwa munyika ino. Ivo vanoramba sezvo zvavaimboita, asi munyika yavo itsva.

Mumakore 90 okupedzisira remakore boka chaiye vadzingirwa Russian muvanhu. Vaisanganisira vamiririri "evanhu pasi" uye "Russian itsva". Mumwe nomumwe mapoka aya aiva maonero avo pamusoro upenyu, zvido, izvo ndezvokuti yakasiyana nezvinodiwa veboka pakati.