Kuongororwa munhetembo Akhmatova "Native Land" uye ayo prehistory

1961. Zvarakanyorwa detembo "Native Land". Mune Leningrad chipatara mumakore achangodarika, upenyu nyanduri, pamwe Mashoko kwake nhetembo.

nei nyika

Kuongororwa munhetembo Akhmatova "Native nyika" vanofanira kutanga nokupindura mubvunzo: "Nei yaakaberekerwa, uye kwete nyika, kwete Russia?"

Nhetembo zvakanyorwa ramakumi maviri pamwe pakutanga Second World War. Asi Akhmatova anonyora kwete pamusoro nyika uye pamusoro wadzo nyika, ivhu rakaorera - mukoti. Pakazosvika sixties tsika kunamata panyika kare, asi Akhmatova chokwadi kuti achiri anogara kuyeuka madzinza evanhu mweya. Uye chokwadi, "ndiro tsvina pamusoro galoshes", asi pasina Russia asiko. madhaka Izvi zvokudya isu uye nesuwo anogamuchira pamagumo rwendo rwoupenyu. Mune akarongwa nyanduri zvinoreva mukuru. No vanofanira anyore odes nyika, asi tinofanira kurangarira kuti ichi chikamu yokumusha kwedu.

Subject kumusha nguva dzose akaridza nhetembo Anny Andreevny. Yakanga isingori kuvimbika, asi kushumira Yababa, pasinei nemiedzo. Akhmatova nguva dzose nevanhu. Nearby. Together. Harina kutarisa chizvarwa vanhu kubva pamusoro pasi, kufanana nezvimwe vadetembi.

Nei asina Russia, uye nyika? Nokuti nyanduri zvinoda musha kwete sechinhu nyika, uyewo nyika iyo akaberekwa uye upenyu. Iye haagamuchiri zvematongerwo enyika, udzvanyiriri uye hondo. Asi iye anoda musha, vanhu naye mupenyu, uye akagadzirira kutsungirira zvose matambudziko.

On ichi akanyora muna 1922. "Kwete naavo I ..." - zviri yakatorwa iyi yokupedzisira mutsara detembo kusvika epigraph. Uye kwemakore makumi mana, pasinei nezvose, aanoita ake yechizvarigo haana kuchinja. Uye kwakanga mumakore iwayo makore 40, vazhinji zvinosuwisa, uye kurohwa, uye njodzi yacho.

Kukosha nhoroondo

Kuongororwa munhetembo Akhmatova "Native nyika" haagoni kuva wakakwana kana usingazive nyaya nyanduri upenyu. Hazvibviri kunzwisisa sei vakashinga uye vakatendeka kuti kuva vasaora mashoko avo uye zvinotendwa makore makumi mana apfuura, kana iwe hauzivi chii zvakanzi nazvo mumakore iwayo.

Kuongororwa nhetembo pakati Anna Akhmatova "nyika Native" vanofanira kutanga kwete chinyakare nenzira - pamwe kuongorora nekudetemberwa uye nezvimwe zvinhu, hazvishandi. Uye kutanga, zvaiva pamberi kunyora nhetembo iyi muupenyu hwangu, "Anna Vose Russia", sezvo zvakanga nezita venguva yake. Chete ipapo uchanzwisisa zvakadzama zvinoreva basa, zvose kuvava uye vose uchiratidza kuzvipira kunyika, paakapiwa mariri.

Muna 1921 Akhmatova anoudzwa kuti shamwari yake yepedyo iri kusiya Russia. Uye ichi ndicho sei ikasakendenga kuenda nomudiwa: rinoti "Kwete vaya Ini akakanda nyika." A detembo zvakanyorwa kwegore uye vanobatanidzwa muunganidzwa Anno Domini. In ichi detembo, chigumbu, hasha, uye zvakazara akasarudzwa vehurumende chinzvimbo. Chinzvimbo, ndiko kuva shanduko nokuda zvakazoitika, asi chete nokusimbisa.

Life pakati nhetembo maviri

Kubva 1923 kusvika 1940, Annu Andreevnu kwete kudhinda. Uye zvakaoma kwaari. Iye akavhiyiwa kunanga udzvanyiriri. Asi hazvina kupfuura kuoma. Muna 1935, akasungwa, mwanakomana wake Leo. Uyewo murume, asi iye wakaramba nokukurumidza achasunungurwa. Uye Leo, pashure pfupi kusunungurwa akasungwa zvakare. makore mashanu Akhmatova vaigara makakatanwa uye kutya - ngaakangamwire mwanakomana wake kana kuti kwete.

mhepo anooneka 1940 tariro; mudetembi unokubvumira kudhinda, vamwe vanhu vasunungurwa mumisasa Stalin raMwari. Asi muna 1941 hondo inotanga. Nzara, kutya, kubvisa.

Muna 1946, apo zvaizoita sokuti, akaita simba chatakagara kusenza, Annu Andreevnu adzingwa Writers 'Union uye kurambidza kudhinda akaunganidzwa ayo. Kutaura zvazviri, kunyimwa nechouviri. Muna 1949, zvakare akasunga mwanakomana Anny Andreevny, uye zvakare zviri maererano mumapasuru.

Muna 1951, yakanga yava mune Union of Writers. Muna 1955 akapora nyanduri pokugara imba duku mumusha Komarovo, pedyo Leningrad, mushure kudzingwa cheNyoka House muna March 1952. Zvisinei, hapana kukurumidza kuparidza. Uye makore mashoma nhetembo Akhmatova yakabereka samizdat.

Muna May 1960, muna Anny Andreevny anotanga intercostal neuralgia, izvozvo anotakura akawanda yomwoyo, anotanga achirwadziwa kuti zvipatara. Uye mamiriro ichi ari muchipatara nenguva yokunyorwa "nyika Native". Zvichaitwa uye kuzvitsaurira vaifanira ive kuti atakure kuburikidza kurasikirwa rudo rwake nokuda nyika kwete kuchinja chizvarwa.

Traditional detembo kuongorora Akhmatova "Native Land"

Basa iri riri pamusoro rudo mumwe nyika, asi shoko rokuti "rudo" hakusi ikoko. Kuburikidza Kuongorora nhetembo pakati Anna Akhmatova "nyika Native", zviri nyore kunzwisisa kuti nemaune dziripowo. Nhetembo inovakwa kuitira kuti kunyange pasina shoko anoratidza rudo rwake yechizvarigo. Nokuti dvuchastnost ichi vakashandisa chigadzirwa, zvinonzwisisika kuti resizing.

Changing kukura ukabata ziso rako kana imi muchichengeta Kuongorora nhetembo "Native Land". zvose kuyananiswa Akhmatova zvakajeka. Shestistopny iambus - wokutanga 8 pemitsara. Uyezve, yezwi anapaest - trehstopny, uye pashure - chetyrehstopnym. Pentameter - ari kuramba kuti nyanduri haana kuiswawo pakati kunzwisisa rudo. Anapaest - mvumo nyore tsananguro. Murume - chikamu nyika, uye vakasununguka funga izvozvo ake - kuda.

Zvinofanira kuzivikanwa uyewo kukosha kweshoko "nyika", nokuongorora nhetembo "Native Land". Akhmatova akavashandisa somunhu peya. Mune nhetembo, tsika mbiri. Chokutanga - nzvimbo kwatinogara uye kufa, nzvimbo kuti arege risingazoputsirwi, kunyange zvodini. Wechipiri - ivhu, madota, "ari crunch pamusoro mazino." zvose chete pano. Epithet ( "akapikirwa" etc.), uye "ukrashatelnaya" duramazwi ( "ovhurazve", "sedumwa") kuramba ari wokutanga, iambe mugove. Chikamu chechipiri inoumbwa yemo, hapana adjectives. Zvose zviri nyore zvikuru, asi kwakadzama. Rudo Rwechokwadi hakudi pathos.