Hagia Sophia iri mu Istanbul

Hagia Sophia, izvo vakawanda vanotaura yepamusoro Byzantine mapurani, kwemazana emakore akawanda akaisa kutungamirirwa kukura mavakirwo munyika Eastern uye Western Europe, uye kuMiddle East zhinji. In chitendero yechiKristu, zvinogona, zvichida, uchanzi imwe yenzvimbo akakura muzvivako. Vachikudza Uchenjeri hwaMwari vari machechi akawanda Orthodox yakavakwa muna Constantinople, asi temberi Hagia Sophia - chikuru uye kupfuura inozivikanwa vavo.

History anodana maviri mazita vanyori basa iri uri: Isidore pakati kuMireto uye Anfimov Trallsky. It wakabva Asia, uyo akashanda kwemakore anenge zviuru gumi vashandi.

Muna 324, Constantine the Great nheyo mu kukudzwa kwake muguta Constantinople, iyo yakava guta idzva Empire ake. Uye makore maviri gare gare, akapa murayiro kuvaka kereke Hagia Sophia muna Constantinople, yaiva shongwe ine Byzantine mapurani rokutanga. Zvechokwadi, pakutanga kwezvose, iye aifanira embody ukuru mambo, saka, kubva zvose pamusoro pano vakauya nendarama, machena, sirivha, nyanga dzenzou, mabwe anokosha. Kubva yakapoteredza mutemberi vekare warinozokwidzwa zvose zvinogona kubatsira kuti church itsva.

Hagia Sophia yakavakwa kubva murayiro zvachose itsva Straps zvinhu: madota, akaita zvebhari mvura uye simende pamwe kuwedzera mafuta. Zvisinei, kwaiva hwomutambarakede kushandisa matombo anokosha - topasi, nesafiri, anovaima. Kunyange mapuriro zvaiva rejasipisi porphyry. The venhoroondo nguva yainzi temberi "kwechishamiso anoshamisa, kubhururuka kudenga, azere chezuva, sezvinonzi chiedza chaibwinya kubva mukati."

Zvikuru kwazvo mukereke Hagia Sophia anonzi ainge akamonererwa waro dhayamita 32 mamita. Kokutanga pakuvaka rising yakaitwa mativi Maberere: nayo chinotsigirwa mbiru ina, iye rinoumbwa mahwindo-mana Arch. The chezuva kupinda kwavari, kusika fungidziro kuti rising iri dzinodzengerera mudenga.

Pakutanga rechi13 remakore sangano St. Sophia yakarohwa zvakaoma nokuda Dzorudzidziso: chikamu upfumi wake akatorwa akaendeswa Europe. Hapana achiri asingazivi pamusoro kutapwa dzearitari yendarama yakanga kunze kwenzvimbo tsvene.

Muzana remakore rechi15, mushure kubatwa veguta Turku, ari Church, panguva behest pakati Mahmed Fatiha, akanga ikava chechi. Uye kubva nomurayiro mhuka uye vanhu Pamifananidzo kutotaura zvisingagoneki vaMuslim, zvose mokupera wakanamira nesuko ufuza, panzvimbo muchinjikwa akagadzawo kirisendi uye akawedzera maviri mana minareeteissa. Inside chechi St. Sophia, zvino kunzi Aya Sofia, akanga vaisanganisa pamakuva uye youmbozha Sultan mubhedha uye mapuranga nendarama vakauya zita muporofita Muhammad uye vokutanga Caliphs.

Chishamiso vakachengetedzwa waMosesi pamusoro pamukova nenhamba waMaria Child, Constantine uye Justinian.

At St. Sophia ane mumwe kukwezvana: mukati ari mbiru, unonzi bvungapfunga kumusoro. Maererano nengano, zvose hosha makwapa muvanhu pakarepo akarapwa kana ivo vachikoshesa kwairi.

Uyezve, pane temberi uye rakavanzika mune rimwe niche rwake kurudyi vanonzwa wakanyarara. Vanotaura vanoti vatendi vanenge chiuru akavanda, uye kana zvisingaiti akaputsa muchechi kubva vokuTurkey, mupristi verenga munyengetero. Kana janissaries yakamutswa pamusoro mupristi minondo yavo, niche rusvingo pakarepo akasvinudzwa uye vakanwa iye mukati. Zvinonzi ruzha - kurira minyengetero muprista pachake, uyo ari kumirira nguva apo, pakupedzisira, kuti Hagia Sophia achava kamwe zvakare kuva muKristu, kubuda uye kuramba tichishumira.