Hagia Sophia - chiratidzo Russia yekare. Holy Sophia Cathedral

Hagia Sophia muKiev - bhizimisi kadhi kwete chete wokuUkraine guru, asi hurumende yose. How zvikuru imhaka ichi zvikuru mapurani Monument. Chokutanga, Kiev St. Sophia - chiratidzo akare Russian, uye chechipiri - ndicho chapupu vekare uye vemazuva nhoroondo. Ose mugari simba iri unrivaled nyore kumanikidzwa kanenge kamwe muupenyu hwavo kushanyira nzvimbo huru yakadaro. The vashanyi vanouya kuUkraine kubva kupfuura kure enyika panzvimbo yokutanga, uye vaida kuona purani Paaidzidzisa, rwakaimbwa nhoroondo yaMakoronike uye netsamba.

Where iye

Hagia Sophia - chiratidzo Russia yekare uye kwete chete. Kunyange zvazvo izvi temberi miziyamu ane mamiriro kare Monument, kwenguva refu akanga ari chapupu mumwe chairo nguva uye akararama kumarudzi namarudzi. View kwetemberi uye mafungiro akanaka yasimbiswa zvose zvinenge ezvinhu ehurumende uye nzanga.

The mudzi kubva Kiev kana imwe nzvimbo, asati kusvika temberi muchivande, kumanikidzwa kupinda achishandisa nharaunda yakakura, iyo yakapoteredzwa Mod kukura, rasai shongwe huru Hetman Bogdanu Hmelnitskomu, makasimba namapfumbamwe remakore. Zvadaro, kuti pakupedzisira kuona purani Paaidzidzisa, unofanira kupfuura pasi yokufeva bhero shongwe achitevedza masvingo yakakwirira, kudanana kubva pakutanga XVIII remakore. Uye kunyange nezvinhu zvose kuti Saint Sophia Cathedral iri rinenge pakati peguta - kuchiri akanyarara uye unodziya nzvimbo. Asi zvakaoma kwazvo kudavira kuti pano aigara kudaro.

Kamwe muna Cathedral kokutanga, vanhu vachange vatange kutarisa kushamisika kwakasiyana-siyana, kuti pfupi, rakafara uye kunze chivako pakarepo anosimuka majestically kumusoro, nzvimbo kunova huru, asi ngaatarire kuna the parishioner anotarira Orans - Virgin mune yendarama Naiwo mufaro. Man anonzwa masimba ose kana chinokosha kana hutera chisikwa. Asi zvino zvichava nyore kufungidzira yakaoma Council, iyo ikaunganidzwa pasi madziro echivako chacho, kuti kusarudza chinokosha nokuda nyika.

Conjectures uye mashoko

Hagia Sophia (chiratidzo Rus yekare ') yakavakwa uye vatsvene muna XI remakore, uye kutaura zvazviri, ari wokutanga hafu. Kunyange nhasi, kare, masayendisiti akaisa mberi mazuva akawanda ayo zvisikwa. Saka, zvinofungirwa kuti kukwezvana yakavakwa mumakore mumwe makore aya: 1011 vakasuwa 1017 ndipo uye 1037 ndipo.

Okupedzisira misi mbiri dzinobva zvinyorwa yaMakoronike siyana - Novgorod uye "zvakaedza zvekare Years", ukuwo. Kusimbisa migumisiro kekutanga vanoonekwa kuti mavanga pamadziro etemberi, uyewo Shanduro zvimwe vekare zvinyorwa zvakanyorwa.

Uyewo zvazvisingarambiki ndechokuti nhoroondo pfungwa uye Rusimudzirwo chechi iri reupenyu ukama chiKristu muRussia. Chokuita nayo uye vatatu namasimba akakurumbira pakati pamambo - Princess Olga, Prince Vladimir uye Yaroslav vachenjeri.

Maererano yaMakoronike, chepakuvamba Hagia Sophia - chiratidzo Russia yekare - uye welaurel dzakapoteredza temberi dzakavakwa muKiev, Olga. Pamwe ndizvo, kuti yakanga imwe nguva vasati vashanyira Princess weConstantinople. Uye zvinokwanisika kuti mifananidzo temberi akaratidzwa kuna Mufundisi weConstantinople. chechi itsva yakavakwa huni, uye saka muna 1017, uye kwete paya, izvozvo Akapisa panguva moto Kiev.

Vladimir uye Yaroslav

Maererano nemamwe mashoko kubva yaMakoronike, iro Cathedral mutsva St. Sophia muKiev akaisa Svyatoslav Vladimirovich. It kwaiva nechechi hombe zvakaitwa namatanda. Raiva mumunda (pazasi ipapo guru), panzvimbo muchinda akakunda Pechenegs.

Architectural, enyika uye zvokunamata kumumvuri chechi yakava pasi Cathedral St. Sophia ari Constantinople. Iye chinokushamisa rayo chitarisiko uye zvichida aiva chisingakanganwiki kuyeuka Princess Olga. Uye kana isu kubvuma chokwadi chekubhabhatidzwa vakadzi, inofanira kutanga kubva chokwadi kuti izvi zviri kuitika Constantinople, mukereke Hagia Sophia. Uye Korsun mukereke Hagia Sophia akabhabhatidzwa uye korona rwevanodzvinyirira Prince Vladimir. Imhaka yokuti pakuvaka kereke kuRussia haana tsaona.

Under Yaroslav temberi kusvika Parainge, uye kusimbisa rusununguko uye simba Kievan Rus.

Ukuru Church

Inenge panguva imwe chete akazvitsaurira St. Sophia (nhoroondo yokusika inorondedzerwa ino) awana uye weDhipatimendi Metropolitan pamusoro Kiev. Chivanze dzokugara mabhishopi uye dzakavakirirwa. Asi kunyange netsika nguva nharaunda yayo chete chinokushamisa wayo ukuru. Naizvozvo, pane aigona riitwe dzechitendero uye mamiriro ezvinhu, kwete chete hurumende uye nevafundisi, asi pedyo masvingo vane kodzero vaungane uye vanhuwo vagari vari Chamber kana kuti kupemberera pamukwidza muchinda idzva pachigaro.

Sei anotarisa

Asi, masayendisiti akawanda vanodavira kuti Hagia Sophia muKiev yakavakwa panguva yaitonga Yaroslav vachenjeri. Nanhasi chivako akakwanisa kuramba rwokuramba mapurani yekare uye yevedza ukuru XI remakore. Muchechi iyi vari uchinyatsobatanidzwa aibatanidza tuore uye waMosesi. The chikuru Chikamu mukati Munokudzwa kushandisa waMosesi (atari uye nechepakati rising). Mamwe nzvimbo yakanga yakashongedzwa Pamifananidzo. Nhasi ungano uye vaeni vanogona kuona 260 mamita ² zvechokwadi mosaics yomusi XI remakore, uye vanenge 3 ba. M. mamita ane Pamifananidzo.

Sophia Cathedral vakazvitsaurira embodying uchenjeri, uye naizvozvo mavakirwo uye kupenda wekereke aifanira kusimbisa uye kusimbisa chiKristu uye nesimba feudal madzishe. Pearitari nechepakati rising yakavhomorwa zviso vanonyanya kutaurwa uye Zvikamu chiKristu. Vari basa kubva glazes pamusoro nyoro purasita. Temple waMosesi ine 177 Kolerova kwerima guru.

The medallion huru rising vanoratidzwa Kristu wemasimbaose. Uye vakakomberedza pamusoro-soro kamwe kubatikana ngirozi huru ina, asi mufananidzo mumwe chete akasara mubatanidzwa wezvidimbu. The mafuta akasara chava appended.

miziyamu kuva

Pakati pezana remakore 1930s, zviremera panguva Soviet Ukraine, kwakasarudzwa kuti Hagia Sophia (chiratidzo Russia yekare) vanofanira kuva miziyamu-chengetedza. The Church vakatanga kuita tsvakurudzo uye kudzorerwa basa. Pakupera rokupedzisira remakore, basa miziyamu kwave kuchizivikanwa pose. Nhasi ndiro National Reserve "Sophia pamusoro Kyiv".