Chii masitadhi gasi?

War - nguva dzose yaityisa nokuvhundusa. Asi vamwe zvombo zviri zvokuti utsinye kuti vakarambidza zvose kumboadya dzakawanda mumunda yehondo. Ekupedzisira zvinosanganisira wetsanga gasi, soMunyengetero masitadhi mumiririri.

Mumuviri makemikari unhu

Izvi kwemakemikari mumiriri ane nzira (Cl-CH ₂ CH ₂₎ 2S. Yemasitadha chokuita vesicatory zvachose anoparadza mumapapu kubudikidza inhalation kunyange uwandu negasi zviduku. Zvakakwana anopinda muviri kubudikidza ganda, rabha mwero Masiki kuri permeable.

The fuma haana ruvara, asi mune zvimwe zviitiko akaratidza zvishomanana yellowish kana greenish tinge. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti netsanga inowana zita rayo kubva inoitika kwakanaka kwakafanana kunhuwirira yakachena mbeu chirimwa ichi, asi vashomanana vakapona kazhinji rangarira pamusoro munhuwi horseradish.

"Kubhabhatidzwa moto"

First yakanyorwa revarwi kushandiswa muna World War Chokutanga, kana kudivi reGermany vanogumurwa anoshongwa pamwe kwetsanga gasi nemauto Russian. Zvino pasi netaundi Ypres (Belgium) muna 1917.

Kana kushandisa wokutanga muhondo chepfu ndavhiyiwa vanenge zviuru 2,5 vanhu, pamwechete 87 vavo vakafa. Chirungu kemisiti nokukurumidza kuita kwetsanga gasi mumba, asi ayo kugadzirwa akakwanisa kumisa chete pagore, uye mwedzi miviri chete pashure nguva yekumbotaurirana yakanga yakasainwa.

Cherechedza kuti World Vokutanga pakuzivikanwa se nguva umo chepfu yomuchipatara inoshandiswa huru akawanda. Kunyange Hondo Yenyika II avakapedza kure zvishoma. Pafunge: mumakore mashomanana kushandisa kwetsanga gasi pamisoro varwi wakadururwa vanenge mamiriyoni 12 matani chepfu uyu! Zvakakomba chepfu vatopiwa vanhu vanenge zviuru 400.

Nei zvakadaro ngozi

The fuma pakarepo kuwana chinhu mukurumbira zvikuru zvakaipa kunyange pakati mauto eGermany. Tanga nepfungwa yokuti wetsanga gasi (pamberi yezwi gaseous mamiriro Chokwadi) zvishoma nezvishoma runopwa. Ndima, zvange utachiona kwamazuva mashoma pavo zvinouraya zvose zvipenyu zvose.

Asi kure kuipa ndechokuti rine pamusoro womunhu.

unoshamisa kushanda

Sezvo kwetsanga gasi ane mhoni mumiriri, vanopfuura mumwe chokutanga adjudged ganda. On ganda vari kukurumidza kuumbwa huru matema azadzwa yellowish ichor uye pus. Kwakaita vanhu kuenda mapofu, vakaona wakawedzera lacrimation, hypersalivation (yakawedzera salivation), uyewo kurwadziwa sinuses. Mushure kuonana kupararira particulate nyaya iri nemudumbu kuva zvikuru manyoka, kuda kurutsa uye cramping mudumbu.

Kwetsanga gasi iri achinyengera chaizvo chokuti kunyange kana anwa pakati dose yaro zvingaratidza kuitika maawa chete pashure 12 kana kunyange zuva pashure. Kana wevasungwa uye nguva dzokuteerera akanga achiatapudzira, ivo anokuzviratidza kuchengetwa vaviri maawa.

MUENZANISO rwisana zvinobudirira

Chirungu White Major General muna 1918 Akaperekedzwa boka ravarwi vakuvara uye akakuvara kubva netsanga muchipatara chitima. Kusvika panguva inotevera yemapurisa, vaifanira kunhonga mumwe batch mangé varwi vakakuvara. Mumwe wavatariri vakaona kuti wakangamwa pachavo Zvinhu vanobatwa, uyo pakati yaiva mabhainokura iri wamatehwe nyaya pachikuva. Akakurumidza nayo, uye ipapo akarembera mukamuri yake uye akaenda kunorara.

Somugumisiro, yakaramba vakaroorana madonhwe kwemakemikari mumiririri pamusoro nyaya. Usiku ivo akanyangarika. Kunyange vasingakoshi saka dose zvakakwana kumupurisa zvakaipisisa kukuvara maziso. Sezvineiwo, akakwanisa kurapa, asi zvakanditorera matatu (!) Months. Pafunge: kubva vaviri samadonhwe munhu kubva chiito kwemwedzi inoverengeka. Pamusoro pezvatinotaura apo varwi vakawana pachavo pakati ...

vanourayiswa

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti wetsanga gasi (sarufa yemasitadha) Kunobvawo kwete 100% nyaya, rufu. Kazhinji vakabirwa vari kufefemuka, kunyange zvinotora refu chaizvo nguva. Zvisinei, "kupora" rinogona kunzi tatamuka, sezvo vazhinji vari makuru mavanga kwoupenyu hwake. A guru chikamu sei nokukurumidza nechinetso pakarepo kwakaonekwa chisingaperi zvirwere.

Kana peya kwetsanga gasi kunyange maminitsi kuwanda kupinda muviri mumwe mukadzi pamuviri, ipapo (pamwe Kusara dzinouya), ndiko vanenge 100% mukana kupa mwana pamwe vaberekwe vakaremara, pokuperevedza mu mupfungwa uye kwomuviri.

Abscesses, izvo kuumbwa nevanhu ganda somugumisiro yokuwana wetsanga gasi, vabatwe chaizvo, zvakaipa chaizvo. Vakapona kazhinji kuti dimura njodzi mutezo sezvo huru chinoda kugadziriswa maronda vanotanga angavhundutsira kukura neronda rinonyenga, nomuchetura womunhu muviri kuora zvigadzirwa.

Kana inhalation kuna kwetsanga mhute ndiyo inenge nguva rufu kunoitika (90%), nekuti mapapu vari yaora anenge pakarepo, asi kana mumwe munhu vachapona, ipapo kwoupenyu vachapiwa chirema.

Zvinhu kukanganisa kunyatsoshanda kuti wetsanga

Pakarepo mushure pakatanga kushandiswa wetsanga gasi Zvakacherechedzwa kuti zvinobudirira zvikuru nayo mabasa inopisa uye yakaoma ekunze. Chikonzero ndechokuti nyore chaizvo: panguva dzakakwirira tembiricha iri kwemvura mwero dzedenga hondo mumiririri anochinja zvikuru, uye kubuda dikita ganda iri nyore zvikuru uturu.

Pamusangano tembiricha rworwendo 14 chete Celsius yemasitadha nokukurumidza yaita chando. Zvinosuruvarisa nguva chaiyo yokuvirisa kunge yakatanga, riri achiwedzera kwemakemikari mumiririri inofambidzana zvikuru yakatsiga. Uyezve, kuramba kuoma nechando kunowedzera kuitira kuti rinogona kushandiswa kunyange pachando chaizvo kudzi-.

Zvikurukuru nguva pfupi vasati kurambidzwa yakagadzirwa wetsanga nezvakavhenganiswa, izvo zvinoita kuti abudirire kuishandisa kunyange kweArctic. Mashandiro chiito chiri nyore: gasi rinouraya anoshongwa kuti putika, ipapo kaduku muchetura Madonhwe uchagara pamusoro nguvo uye zvombo muvengi. Kamwe vanhu vapinde kana kusatonzwa inodziya kamuri, iye anotanga nokukurumidza sasana nokukurumidza uye chikonzero chepfu.

Sezvo kwetsanga gasi ndiye 1 ST World achiri chepfu, utachiona Nzvimbo pachando okunze kazhinji kuramba ngozi emakore.

The migumisiro yenguva refu

Haiwa, kunyange panguva muchetura uyu migumisiro kwetsanga gasi asingadi kugumira ipapo. Chokwadi kuti fuma iyi chepfu nehasha kukanganisa DNA kwevanhu. Masoja, pasi makemikari kurwisa pana Ypres, kwete akaiuraya. Vamwe vavo kumba, vazhinji vavo vaiva pamuviri zera. The chikamu deformities uye masero zvirwere muvana vavo nevazukuru kakawanda kupfuura zvatinosiita zviratidzo.

Kwetsanga gasi - munhu simba carcinogen uye mutagen. Pana Ypres, pakange kutanga kushandiswa, achiri pane wakawedzera kuitika kenza.

Current chinzvimbo

Sezvatakamboreva, mugumisiro wokushandiswa wetsanga gasi zvakadaro akakatyamadza dzakawanda, kuti mumakore iwayo akatanga kuti manzwi wakakwana ake chipingaidzo. nyaya iyi yakamutswa uye chaMarudzi uye UN, razova wayo amutsive. Ndizvo chete pashure zvisingaperi bureaucratic zvamasekete anokakavadzana akatotanga WWII, uye ipapo utore zvisarudzo zvakakodzera kakawanda sabotaged.

Yakanga chete muna 1993, pashure pemakore anenge 100 kubva pakutanga kushandiswa wetsanga gasi kurwisa, iye, kufanana nezvimwe namakemikari hondo nevasori, rakarambidzwa zvachose. Pari pose zvakasara kwemakemikari zvombo kuraswa. Zvikurukuru, kwete kare, nharaunda weSiria akasiya rokupedzisira wetsanga gasi. Muchetura achakurumidza pakanatsiridzwa zvachose.