Biography pamusoro Mariny Ivanovny Tsvetaevoy. Interesting zvinhu

Tsvetaeva Marina Ivanovna (Makore oupenyu - 1892-1941) - yakakurumbira mudetembi Russian. Akanga ari mwanasikana Tsvetaeva Ivan Vladimirovich (1847-1913), musayendisiti. Nokuti basa rake kunoratidzwa kudanana maximalism, Kurambwa choupenyu hwezuva nezuva, vakatongerwa rudo, kusurukirwa vavariro. kuunganidza Major Nyanduri - "Milestones" (1921), rakabudiswa muna 1923. "Craft", "Pashure pokunge Russia" (1928). Iye rakaumbwawo muna 1925 detembo satirical inonzi "Pied Piper", uye inotevera - ". Poem Yokupedzisira" Biography pamusoro Mariny Ivanovny Tsvetaevoy ichakurukurwa munyaya ino.

mhuri Tsvetaeva

Tsvetaeva Marina akaberekwa musi 26 September (Rekare - 8 October) 1892 muMoscow. baba vake, sezvo isu kare kutaurwa, aiva musayendisiti uyo specialized kare kare, unyanzvi uye epigraphy. Ndiye muvambi uye wokutanga mukuru (kubvira 1911 kusvika 1913), Museum of Arts Akanaka. The muchato wokutanga waiva muzvinadzidzo yakanaka kwazvo, asi pashure pokuberekwa vana vaviri, mukadzi wechiduku akafa, uye Ivan Tsvetaev Re akaroora Mariya Mayne. Muna 1892, 26 September, hangaiwa ichi yakaonekwa musikana uyo akapiwa zita Marina (kureva, kubva "gungwa"). Saka anotanga Biography pamusoro Mariny Ivanovny Tsvetaevoy.

Amai, Meyn Mariya Aleksandrovna, akafa muna 1906. Aiva Pianist, mumwe mboni Rubinshteyna A. G. mukadzi uyu yaiva nezvainoita Marina. Iye akarota kuti mwanasikana wake zvakare akava Pianist. Zvisinei, nyika nhetembo akakwezva vechiduku Tsvetaeva kupfuura mabasa dzakashandiswa. Mumwe makore matanhatu musikana okuberekwa akanyora ndima yokutanga. Uye kwete chete Russian Marina kuitika, asiwo French uye German. Asi zvachose kukurisa vanasikana (Marina nemukoma wake Anastasia) mai. Ivo dzidzo yakanaka. Sekuru hafu-hama nehanzvadzi - dzakaitika uye publicist Ilovajskij Dmitri Ivanovich.

Childhood kuti nyanduri nezveramangwana

Biography pamusoro Mariny Ivanovny Tsvetaevoy mumakore ake okutanga kwakaratidzwa kuti aiva mwana pamusana amai chirwere akararama nguva refu muGermany, Switzerland, Italy. Anoparadza mukurovedza ari jimunasiyamu vakazadzwa mumakirasi muzvikoro chebhodho muna Freiburg uye wekuLausanne. Marina wakaitwa gona German uye French. Akateerera panguva Sorbonne muna 1909, French mabhuku kosi.

Early rusununguko

Pakafa amai kutarisira mwana akawa pamafudzi ake yababa. Akanga akabatikana kubasa, saka havana kukwanisa kuzviparadza nguva yake yose. Ndokusaka, zvichida, vasikana zvawedzera kupfuura makore ake kuzvimirira, kufarira mangwanani pazuva enyika ezvinhu hurumende, hukama vasikana.

Education Marina Tsvetaeva

Panguva kuomerera amai vake panguva muduku Marina Tsvetaeva akaenda kuchikoro mumhanzi, uye akatora kumba mumhanzi zvidzidzo. Asi zvinhu izvi pashure pokufa yaMariya pakuzadzisa akanga asina. Marina nomunun'una wake dzidzo yepuraimari pamba, pasi kutungamirirwa mai vake. Pazera makore 8-9, mudetembi ramangwana vakapinda makirasi ari jimunasiyamu Bryukhonenko MT, uye ipapo muSwitzerland, muna wekuLausanne. Akadzidza 1903 kuchikoro chebhodhingi muKaturike, uye ipapo vakaenda pashure imwe mhuri yakatamira chikoro chebhodhingi wokuFrance. Tsvetaeva akaramba zvidzidzo muGermany, panguva muenzi imba Freiburg. Iye akapiwa nyore mitauro, uye ipapo chinowanzoonekwa chichiwanikwa mududziro, nekuti okugadzira zvinhu hakurevi kuwedzera zvakaoma nyanduri uyu, kufanana Marina Tsvetaeva. Biography uye nhetembo yake chete pashure porufu rwake akatanga vafarire zhinji.

Marina akapinda 1908 kuParis, kwaakanotanga ndanyoresa panguva Sorbonne. Ikoko akateerera hurukuro pamusoro Old mabhuku French.

Kutanga mabhuku basa

Creative Biography pamusoro Mariny Ivanovny Tsvetaevoy kunotanga sezvinotevera. The kuedza chaiko okutanga chokuita pedenderedzwa Symbolists kuMoscow. Marina akasangana Briusov, aiva mukuru inobatsira pamaitiro ayo mangwanani nhetembo, uye pamwe mudetembi akadai Ellios (Kobylinskiy Lev Lvovich). Iye muchirongwa mabasa makirabhu uye Studios, riri ari kubudiswa imba "Musaget". Aivawo guru simba zvinoyevedza uye wokufananidzira nyika imba (muna Crimea), unyanzvi mutsoropodzi uye nyanduri Maximilian Voloshin. Iye akagara Koktebel kazhinji.

The kuunganidza yokutanga

In ake kuunganidza maviri nhetembo "Evening Album" (1910) uye "The Mashiripiti Lantern" (1912), uyewo (Portraits, nezvionioni, dzimba, nevana), kuverenga, nokufamba akanyorwa muna 1914 nhetembo "Witch" tsananguro kwazvo pamba nhumbi pamusoro Boulevard, mumhanzi, mabasa, ukama nehanzvadzi yake namai simulated dhayari mudiki wokuchikoro. "Evening album" wakatsaurirwa kuna kuyeuka Mary Bashkirtseva Konstantinovna Artist rinonyanya dhayari, confessional nemunhu. Sezvakanyorwa muna 1921, ari nhetembo "On tsvuku bhiza" chimiro chinoshamisa kudanana ballads akawana nyaya nyanduri rokuita.

mberi basa

Dedicated ukama Sofey Parnok (izvo isu tichiri kuudza), mumwe ichitanga nhetembo "musikana" akazviratidza muna 1916. Panguva Civil War rakasvika kutenderera vanoda "Swan Rwiyo," izvo chakatsaurirwa kuna heroism vakuru chena. Pane mabasa ake uye nhetembo, uye kudanana zvidimbu, akadai "bhiza dzvuku", "Yegorushka", "chevaux Maiden".

Aidanana Rodzevich akafemerwa pakusikwa muunganidzwa "Poem Yokupedzisira" uye "Poem rwegomo." In Paris, pakanga okupedzisira hwose muunganidzwa Marina. Mhuri iyi Takatamira 1928 kubva Czech Republic. Yakaramba unpublished, asi vakawanda kwake nhetembo. Marina akaita mupenyu kunyanya shanduro uye manheru okusika.

chiitiko chinosuwisa chaizvo

The guru Chakavanzika Efron mhuri (murume Nyanduri), uye Tsvetaeva, chii chakaita kuti kutamira Soviet Union muna 1939? Vaimbove White mukuru, Efron, uyo akarwa nesimba pamusoro Bolsheviks, pakarepo vakatenda yakunda communism. Iye akamuka akadzokera muParis pamwe munharaunda kudzora NKVD, iyo akabata nayo kudzoka vanotodzoka kunyika yokumusha kwavo. Muna 1937, akatanga mwanasikana Moscow Marina Tsvetaeva vake, Ariadne (uyo akasungwa pamberi munhu). Pashure paizvozvo Sergei Efron vakapukunyuka, sezvo yave kudzimika ukama NKVD kuParis. Marina uye mwanakomana wake akamutevera murume pamugumo kuita basa mudzimai ane rudo.

Okupedzisira makore eupenyu Marina I.

Zvinotevera Zviitiko akapedza wake Biography. Marina Ivanovna Tsvetaeva rwakaona kusungwa murume mwanasikana uye muna 1939, zvakanga kwakavhiringidza nyanduri. Akanga asara oga mwanakomana wake George. Uye ukama naye, vakapamba zvakare akanyatsoteya nzeve, vakanga vakavhengana. Very kunetseka nokuda zvose izvi mumakore achangopfuura, Tsvetaeva Marina Ivanovna. Brief Biography yemichindwe okupedzisira makore oupenyu hwake wakagumiswa zvichitevera chiitiko zvinouraya. August 31, 1941, pashure pokunge akatizira Yelabuga chokuita nokutambudzika Second World War, Tsvetaeva Akasungirira pachake pamusoro Kama River, paruvanze imba, iyo yave dzinounzwa navo mwanakomana wake. It kumbobvira yakawanikwa neguva Marina Tsvetaeva, pasinei nokuedza hanzvadzi yake Anastasia, iyo rehabilitated muna 1959, uye mwanasikana wake Ariadne (rehabilitated muna 1955). Muna August 1941, muMoscow, akapfurwa Sergei Efron.

Ndizvo pfupi Biography pamusoro Tsvetaeva Marina Ivanovna.

Ukoshi kusikwa nyanduri

Tiri kuziva nyanduri, zvinosuruvarisa kana upenyu haana kumirira pamutemo. Aifanira kuenda nzara, uye recitals uye kuunganidza chakakodzera havana kukosheswa venguva yake. Pari Zvisinei, Tsvetaeva ndiyo kodzero rimwe dzepamusorosoro vamiririri Russian nhetembo of Silver Age. Brief Biography pamusoro Tsvetaeva Marina Ivanovna vake nhetembo vanobatanidzwa mune chikoro hweutungamiri. Nhasi zviri nevakawanda zvikuru nhetembo, vazhinji vasina kumabasa akakurumbira, senziyo. Zvino, kwete chete kuRussia asiwo kunze kunakidzwa rudo uye kuziva Marina Tsvetaeva. Short Biography mu Chirungu Marina Ivanovna Somuenzaniso, akasikwa nevanyori vakawanda. Mune Netherlands, muna weLeiden, imba iri pamadziro akanyorwa nhetembo Tsvetaeva (mufananidzo akaratidzwa pazasi).

Interesting zvinhu paupenyu Tsvetaeva

upenyu Personal Nyanduri (iye pachake haana kuita shoko, akashevedza pacharo mudetembi) kubva pabasa rake haangaparadzaniswi. Naizvozvo zvakafanira kuti titaure pamusoro mashomanana zvinonakidza chokwadi kuti zvave upenyu hwake. Marina Ivanovna Tsvetaeva akanyora mabasa ake yakanakisisa vari murudo, panguva akasimba mupfungwa zviitiko.

Vazhinji chisimba enganonyorwa dzaiva Marina woupenyu, asi chete rudo kwabva kuburikidza upenyu yose nyanduri - ndiye Sergei Efron, uyo akava murume uye baba vevana vake.

Kusuma pavo kwakanga kudanana, muCrimea muna 1911. Marina, ukuwo yotunga nyanduri, akagara pano kukokwa Maximilian Voloshin, shamwari yake yepedyo.

Sergei Efron muCrimea akauya kuporesa pashure norukosoro, uyewo kupora mushure kuzviuraya yaamai vake. Nechekare muna 1912, muna January, vakanga vakaroorana. Panguva iyoyowo, mwanasikana Tsvetaeva vake, Ariadne. Zvisinei, pasinei nokuti Marina kunoongwa zvikuru nomurume wake, 2 Makore aberekwa Ali (anonzi musha Ariadne) iye plunges nomusoro kupinda yokufungidzira itsva. Uye nguva ino mukadzi, mudetembi uye mushanduri Sophia Parnok aida Tsvetaeva Marina Ivanovna. Brief Biography vana, Chokwadi, haitauri izvozvo. Inorwadza akatambura Efron nekuchiva wake, asi akaregererwa. Muna 1916, pashure kukakavara zhinji uye reconciliations, Tsvetaeva pakupedzisira karambana Parnok uye vakadzokera mhuri.

Pashure nomurume wake muna 1917 imwe kuyananiswa, Marina akabereka Irina, razova mwoyo nokuda Tsvetaeva, uyo aida mwanakomana. Efron muchirongwa kufamba chena, akarwa Bolsheviks, saka vakasiya pashure pokuchinja, Moscow akaenda kumaodzanyemba, apo aiitawo kwokudzivirira Crimea. Iye vakatama chete pashure mauto Denikin yakanga pakupedzisira vakakundwa.

vana With vaviri akagara Marina Tsvetaeva muMoscow. mhuri chona yakanga uye aitofanira kutengesa zvinhu kuti vadye. Zvisinei, kuti aponese mwanasikana muduku, pasinei nezvingaedzwa kuitwa, hazvaikwanisa kuva amai. Ira akafa yokuvanda nenzara, apo iye akapa Tsvetaeva, achitarisira kuti mwana vachadya nani pano.

Marina munguva kuparadzana nomurume akapukunyuka enganonyorwa mashomanana, asi akasarudza muna 1922 kuenda Sergei Efron kunze. vakasangana Rodzevich, vamwe vanyori venhau dzakaitika vanotenda baba chaiye George, mwanakomana akamirirwa kwenguva refu, akaberekwa muna 1925 Nechekare nechokuita wako, Marina panguva nhapwa muCzech Republic. Asi pamutemo ndiye Efron. Iye rave akasimbisazve Marina Tsvetaeva (Biography, zvinonakidza zvinhu kubva uhwo dzatakurukura upenyu) iyo pakupedzisira akabereka mwanakomana, murume wake,. Saka, zviri zvishoma kudzikinurwa mhosva wavo akanzwa pashure mwanasikana akafa post-echimurenga Moscow.

Ndiyo nyanduri Marina Tsvetaeva. Biography, zvinonakidza zvinhu muupenyu hwake, tariro, akamutsa chido ari muverengi kuramba kunyatsoziva mumiririri uyu yakajeka iri nhetembo ari Silver Age. Varumbidzwa verenga nhetembo yake. Chaizvoizvo matarenda mabasa akasika Tsvetaeva Marina Ivanovna. Short Biography (anonzi Silver Age, tariro munorangarira) akasikwa kuti vaunze kufarira basa rake.