Zvitsva zvokukweretesa masangano: mazita. Zvitsva zvokukweretesa sangano - zviri ...

Nhasi tichataura pamusoro chii chinoumba zvitsva zvokukweretesa zvikoro (MFIs), chii mari ivo zviripo, uyo anodzora basa ravo, uye chii kubatsirwa kuwana kubva kwavari mukwereti. Asi kutanga zvakafanira kurondedzera rokuti pachayo.

Chii zvitsva zvokukweretesa

Pakarepo mushure ayo sumo, shoko rokuti "zvitsva zvokukweretesa" rinoreva anokweretesa mabasa, izvo zvakagoverwa kuti diki uye svikiro kadikidiki bhizimisi. Nzira iyi yakanga inokwanisika zvichienzaniswa nzira kuti aifanira zvakaitika kuitira kuti chikwereti zvebhizimisi senguva dzose bhengi.

Zvisinei, nokufamba kwenguva izwi hachisisina pakutanga zvichinje. MFIs kunge akaramba kupa zvikwereti zvebhizimisi, asi ikozvino vatengi vavo vari vanhu. Vanopiwa mukana kuwana micro chikwereti - ane chikwereti pakarepo kuti hakurevi kwazvo Kuongorora dzemari anokwereta uye kreditoplatezhnosti.

MFI - chii here?

Saka, zvitsva zvokukweretesa sangano - sangano asiri pamahombekombe, vane mabasa pfungwa anokweretesa mabhizimisi uye vanhu. Izvi zvikwereti pachataurwa zano riri nyore zvikuru kupfuura mubhangi. Kufanana nevamwe sangano chero, kupedza basa MFIs vanoda guru. MFI anogona kukwezva pfuma dzakasiyana-siyana zvinyorwa. Chokutanga refu chikamu zvikwereti serinokosha uyewo pamwe makambani. Vanogona kuva vanhu uye masangano rwezvemabhengi. Mukupera zvazvingava, MFI ari chikamu chezvinhu Bank.

Dzidza MFI nezvimwe masangano zvemari nyore. Ivo ndirumbidzwe wayo kushambadza masirogani mumweya "Mari kubhadhara", "Credit kwemaminitsi 15," "Quick Money" uye zvichingodaro. D. mabasa avo akaparadzirwa ungana nzvimbo. Kazhinji, masangano aya havana kupfuura 1-2 vanhu.

mhando MFIs

nyika imwe neimwe rinotsanangura ayo maonero MFIs achishandisa urongwa pamutemo. uyewo anosarudza muchimiro kunyoresa. Huru yokuona, izvo zvinoratidza kuti wamuri zvitsva zvokukweretesa sangano - itsanangudzo hurongwa zvikwereti. Saka, zvose zviri pamutemo kushanda vasiri kubhengi zvivako kuti aite kukweretesa zvirongwa zvakadaro zvinogona kukamurwa marudzi anotevera:

• Financial boka.
• Fund for Entrepreneurship Support.
• Credit Union.
• Credit Society.
• Credit sangano.
• Credit yanana.

Sezvambotaurwa, MFIs mazhinji subsidiaries kuti mabhanga. Kwakadaro mabasa kare kunobatsira zvikuru. Chokwadi kuti pamahombekombe ane mukana nokukweretesa mhindu prices kuti vari kakawanda kupfuura avo vakaburitsa zvakananga naye. Sezvingatarisirwa, pane mukana mukuru kuti ichi chikwereti icharamba hunoshamisa.

Ndiani rinotarisira basa MFIs

Huru muviri kuti monitors basa MFIs, Central Bank of State umo sangano ariko. Licensing izvi zvinhu Anotiwo Central Bank. Zvitsva zvokukweretesa Masangano kunofanirawo kuitwa rehurumende remazita. Mukuwedzera, vanogona kuwana mvumo idzodzo nemasangano kuti kudzora kushanda nemamwe masangano zvemari.

FL "On zvitsva zvokukweretesa Organisations"

Kana isu nezvazvo Russia, pane mutsetse uyu mabhizimisi azviratidza kudaro kare. Saizvozvowo, mitemo inodzora zvinhu zvavo, akanga atora makore mashoma apfuura. Panguva iyoyo, pane mitemo miviri inodzora zvitsva zvokukweretesa:

• FL "On zvitsva zvokukweretesa uye zvitsva zvokukweretesa masangano" (wokurera ari 02.07.2010).
• FL "On yakabvumira kugadziriswa kwemutemo wekuita kuti Zvimwe Legislative MABASA Russian Federation chokuita kuitwa pamusoro Federal Mutemo" On zvitsva zvokukweretesa uye zvitsva zvokukweretesa masangano "(wokurera ari 05.07.2010).

Zvinoenderana murau, pane zvimwe zvavasingakwanisi siyana uye mitemo nomupiro. Kana isu kutaura pamusoro kunoshamisa chitsama chikwereti, ipapo havafaniri kuva anopfuura mamiriyoni 1 rubles. Panguva iyoyo wairambidza issuance yemutoo wezvikwereti vatorwa mari, pasinei uwandu. Kana ane mari kubhengi tigamuchire chipo, vane saizi haidereri mamiriyoni 1,5 (imwe depositor).

Uyezve, MFIs zvose Russia anofanira nechokwadi kuti mashoko pamusoro mari kwema anokwereta achaponeswa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti chikwereti MFIs haina nekodzero urongwa kuwanda "shamwari" ndiani anogona kushuma kunonoka mubhadharo pasi chikwereti chibvumirano, kana pasina mukana kubatana ne anokwereta runhare.

Credits

Zvinonzi vaidavira kuti MFI akagadzirira kupa chikwereti anenge munhu wose ari shure ichi chikumbiro. Asi ichi ndicho zvisizvo. Asati kushanda pamwe nemhosva, chero sangano anofanira kutsvaka mutengi wacho creditworthiness. Kuti aite izvi, kushandisa chikwereti scoring. Nzira iyi inobvumira kuti vanokwanisa anokwereta kugamuchira chikwereti kana kuramba kwemaminitsi 10-15. Uyezve, basa iri kunyange kuwanika paIndaneti.

Credit Scoring - kwegadziriro kuongorora akakwereta mari, izvo kunobva imwe algorithm uye kuitwa kubudiswa pachedu mashoko. Mubayiro processing humboo runoratidzwa points. Akadaro zano solvency pamusoro yeGmail.END_STRONG kushandisa anenge zvose zvitsva zvokukweretesa masangano. The zvikwereti saka akapa haisi mushandi ari MFI, uye purogiramu yekombiyuta, nekuti chete migumisiro basa rayo kunobva mutongo.

Kana zvabuda chikwereti scoring zvinogona chikwereti solvent, kuti chikwereti kuwana rinenge iwoyo. Zvisinei, mari kuti zvakabuda zvikwereti, kazhinji muduku kupfuura wakaziviswa pakutanga. Chokwadi ndechokuti tichibatsirwa chikwereti scoring kunogona kuva sezvazviri kuongorora creditworthiness pakati mutengi, pane yakavakirwa vachingoshandisa ake nezvaunofunga, iyo kazhinji dzakanaka.

Kufarira rinowanikwa ose zuva, kwete mwedzi kana gore, sezvinowanzoita pamwe mabhanga. Saka, muna dzakawanda MFI zvikwereti vari rakapa chete kwevhiki mbiri kana mwedzi. Zvikasadaro, kuti overpayment pamusoro chikwereti vaigona kusvika mari kuti vaviri kana katatu kupfuura iya anokwereta yakagamuchira.

inivhesitimendi

Tinofanira kutaura muudzame pamusoro apo MFI anogamuchira rayo guru. The zvitsva zvokukweretesa sangano anogona pamwe makambani. Sezvo State haapi zvinovimbisa yayo nokuda deposits muna MFIs mari mavari mari yenyu ngozi. Pane guru mukana zvakakwana kuti investor achawana mhindu, asi vanorasikirwa chipo chavo. Bhizimisi iri zvitsva zvokukweretesa masangano vane nhamba dzakasiyana kubva kumahombekombe dhipoziti :

1. Mari kuti kunogona kuwanikwa kubva oupfumi dzakadaro, bhengi kwazvo 1.5-2 nguva.
2. Ngozi pakapfava ukuwo, uyewo yekudyidzana yepamusoro.
3. Kana mari iri MFI mangwanani kushaya zvipo kakawanda zvisingaiti (Kunze - ichi mukana zvatowedzera waiti ari chibvumirano). Banks kodzero dzakadaro inosimbiswa mutemo investor.
4. The investor anogamuchira mari kubva MFIs kubhadhara hurumende mari yomutero. Bank deposits vachava taxable chete dzimwe nguva.

Sezvaunogona kuona, zvibereko mubhizimisi zvakakwirira chaizvo, asi kufadza ngozi. Uyezve, anowedzera yekudyidzana panguva zvemari dambudziko, kana anokwereta vakawanda zvikuru akaderedza mari pamwero. Kana sangano yakadaro haanzi kusauka, kuti investor havazokwanisi kudzoka kunyange kupa, tisingatauri pauwandu hweavo, nokuti kazhinji zvitsva zvokukweretesa sangano - urongwa kuti haana chepfuma raigona kutengeswa nokuda chikwereti.

Chepamusoro kutungamirira MFIs Russia

Pasinei ose nengozi uye yakakwirira kufarira kwakanyanya pamusoro chikwereti, vanhu vakawanda ngapaonekwe ose gore, vanozoshaiswa zvitsva zvokukweretesa masangano. The pamazita makambani akadaro riri kuwedzera pamwe kwokudiwa mabasa akadaro. Wekumusoro mukurumbira vari:

1. "Platiza".
2. MoneyMan.
3. "Bystrodengi".
4. "Loans".
5. "MigKredit".
6. "Zaymer".
7. Viva mari.
8. "Mani Fanny."
9. "Rusmikrofinans".
10. MFI "Summit".

Zvitsva zvokukweretesa masangano, mazita dzakapiwa kumusoro, kugara kumusoro nzvimbo gumi vaitungamirira mune chepamusoro, rakanga rakanyorwa maererano zvinokumbirwa vanozvishandisa uye kakawanda panotaurwa nhau.

pachinzvimbo mhedziso

Tichitarisa zvose zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira kwesangano akadaro, izvozvo zvinogona vakagumisa kuti zvikwereti mumapoka aya hazvibatsiri pakutanga kusvika anokwereta. Zvitsva zvokukweretesa sangano - urongwa hwakasikwa zvikurukuru kuti chinangwa yokuwana. Naizvozvo MFI zvinogona kunakidza kubva pfungwa nemaonero inivhesitimendi.

Zvisinei, mari kusadzidza oruzhinji chavagari uye muitiro kurarama chikwereti rubatsiro kuwedzera uwandu nemasangano munyika. Chinhu chikuru chinoita kuti vanhu vauye - zviri nyore chikwereti, hapana chikonzero kupa pasuru magwaro, vanokurumidza kutambira mari iri mari, uye kukwanisa kutora chikwereti kunyange vaya vave wakabirwa chikwereti nhoroondo.