The mamiriro, shanda ziso cornea

Chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha nhengo dzakavandika dzevanhu - maziso. Pamusana kwavari tinowana ruzivo pamusoro kunze nyika. Sechivako yeziso iri nani kunzwisisa. The muviri ine peculiarities ayo. About chii, tichataura mberi. Uyewo muudzame hukuru zvikuru nemamiriro ziso rose uye mumwe yenhengo dzayo - the cornea - zvikurukuru. Ngatikurukurei zvinhu basa cornea ari nhengo wokuratidzwa uye kana pane ukama pakati ayo marongerwo uye vainzwa uku chinhu ziso mabasa.

Muviri womunhu

The murume achibatsirwa ziso anokwanisa kuwana zvakawanda. Avo, nokuti chero chikonzero, akarasikirwa kuona kwake, anowira rakaoma chaizvo. Life anorasikirwa pendi wayo, vanhu vanogona kuvazve kufunga runako.

Uyezve, mabasa ezuva ari kuva zvakaoma. Man anova shoma, haikwanise kurarama hupenyu huzere. Saka, vanhu vakafirwa chiratidzo kwavo, akaisa boka akaremara.

Mashandiro anoita ziso

Eye zvinotevera mashandiro:

• Siyanisa Kupenya uye ruvara zvinhu, chimiro chavo uye kukura.
• Monitoring reMovement zvinhu.
• Kutsunga daro zvinhu.

Saka, ziso, pamwe nedzimwe nhengo dzakavandika dzevanhu, kunomubatsira chekurarama hupenyu huzere pasina kunzwa kudiwa kunze rubatsiro. Kana chiratidzo akarasika, munhu anova kuzvibatsira.

Ophthalmic mudziyo chinhu Manyiminya Hurongwa, iyo inobatsira munhu kuona nyika, kubata mukuru-zvakarurama mashoko uye kuipawo. chinangwa Similar Unozadzisa zvose zvinoumba ziso, ane basa riri chikwata uye zvichipindirana.

Chiedza mwaranzi zvinooneka kubva zvinhu, uye ipapo kubata cornea, unova Manyiminya izvo. Somugumisiro, mashoko mwaranzi aunganidzwa pane imwe nguva. Handiti, chikuru kushanda cornea - refractive uye anodzivirira.

Zvadaro chiedza anopinda pakati Iris kuti mboni ziso uye zvakare kuna the retina. Zvinoguma rakapedzwa mufananidzo iri zvachose pasi.

The nemamiriro ziso

Ziso romunhu rinoumbwa migove mina:

• Peripheral, kana kugamuchira chikamu, rinosanganisira yeziso, ziso namano.
• Anotenderera.
• Subcortical nzvimbo.
• The yepamusorosoro ziso nzvimbo.

Oculomotor Tsandanyama dziri rakakamurwa zvakananga uye oblique tsandanyama ziso, mukuwedzera, pane dzeraundi uye munhu anomutsa fungiro. Zvaiitwa ziso tsandanyama vari pachena:

• meso kuruka.
• Kurera richikwidibira rokumusoro fungiro.
• Squinting kutsumwaira.

Kana mano ose kushanda nemazvo meso, ziso riri kutoitwa - iri kuchengetedzwa kubva zvakakanganisika uye zvakatipoteredza ngozi. Zvinobatsira mumwe munhu kuti nemaziso kuziva chokwadi uye kurarama hupenyu huzere.

yeziso

An yeziso riri muchadenga inonzi idenderedzwa muviri. Ziso nezvigadziko dziri pamberi pemvura marangwanda, uye dzinonyanya kushanda ndiko kudzivirira yeziso kubva Kufurirwa nevamwe.

In yeziso ane membranes matatu: wokunze, pakati uye rwomukati.

Chokutanga anonzi zvikuru fibrous. Iye akanyora mapoka maviri:

• The cornea - the segirazi mberi chikamu. cornea ziso basa kunokosha zvikuru.
• Sclera - the opaque shure chikamu.

Sclera uye cornea kwakavharwa nenyama, kuonga kwavari kuti ziso riri kuumbwa.

Sclera ane Ukobvu anenge 1,1 neMM, vakafukidza segirazi dzakaonda mucosa - conjunctiva.

corneas

The cornea anonzi läpinäkyvä chikamu rokunze nevamwe. Muzvidimbu - ndiyo nzvimbo Iris zvinofamba mukati sclera. It rinoenderana cornea Ukobvu 0,9 mm. The cornea ndiye segirazi, nemamwe mamiriro ayo. Izvi zvinotsanangurwa maererano masero riri wakaoma sezvakarayirwa Manyiminya, asiwo cornea asina midziyo ropa.

ari cornea iri yakaita imwe convex-concave izvo. Chinowanzoonekwa zvichienzaniswa girazi kwemaawa, ane opaque puranga. The aikanganiswa of cornea nokuda vakawandisa tsinga harinzwi. It ane chokukura hutachiwana uye refraction chiedza mwaranzi. Refractive simba rayo guru.

Kana mwana makore gumi, corneal parameters akaenzana parameters zera. Izvi zvinosanganisira chimiro, kukura uye Manyiminya simba. Asi kana munhu akura, ane opaque arc ari cornea, unonzi penga nokuda kokuchembera. Chikonzero ichi ndivo munyu uye lipids.

Chii kushanda cornea? On ichi - on.

The nemamiriro cornea yayo mabasa

The cornea ane akaturikidzana shanu, imwe neimwe iine functionality. The akaturikidzana ndeinotevera:

• stroma;
• epithelium iyo rakakamurwa mberi uye neshure;
• Bowman kuti Kamudzira;
• Descemet kuti Kamudzira;
• endothelium.

Next, funga kuti dzinza marongerwo uye kushanda cornea.

Ari stromal rukoko ndiyo panonyanyisa. Zadza thinnest ndiro aro collagen fibers. Location dzakafanana matete uye cornea hama mumwe, asi internet dzaizotungamirira neimwe ndiro yakasiyana. Nokuda simba cornea ichi anoita basa - anodzivirira ziso kubva kukuvara. Kana ukaedza kuponjesa cornea ane scalpel, ayo wakarodzwa, ipapo ichi zvaizenge zvakaoma.

The epithelial rukoko anokwanisa kuporesa pacharo. masero ayo regenerated, uye panguva nzvimbo kukuvadzwa haisi kunyange vanga. Uye yadzoswa nokukurumidza - nomusi mumwe. Front uye neshure epithelium ndiye anokonzera zviri mvura iri stroma. Kana iwe wogadzirisa kuvimbika mberi uye rwemberi epithelium, iyo cornea anogona kurasikirwa pachena yayo nokuda hydration.

On the stroma pane chinokosha rukoko - Bowman goko isina sero, uye kana wakaremara, mavanga vacharamba zvakakodzera.

Descemet kwakaita Kamudzira iri pedyo endothelium. Chiri rinoumbwa collagen fibers, rinovatadzisa kupararira utachiona.

Endothelium - kuroorwa muchitokisi layer zvinogara uye anoramba ari cornea haabvumiri kuti kuzvimba. Haina regenerating rukoko. Vakwegura munhu, iye wakawondereiko kudai mazuva ose zvakaturikidzaniswa kuti endothelium.

Trigeminal tsinga innervation anopa cornea. Vasculature, tsinga, mwando Anterior mukamuri, misodzi firimu - zvose zvinopa simba rayo.

corneal basa womunhu ziso

• The cornea iri rakasimba uye yakakwirira nehanya, saka ine rwokudzivirira basa - kunodzivirira ziso maonero kubva kukuvara.
• The cornea kwakanyatsojeka uye ane convex-concave chimiro, saka iye anopedza uye refracts chiedza.
• Epithelium - rwokudzivirira rukoko naro cornea anoita basa rakafanana unodzivirira - chinonditadzisa ingestion hweHIV. dambudziko kwakadaro kunogona kuitika chete kana mechanically sousingabatsiri. Asi kunyange pashure paizvozvo, nokukurumidza Anterior epithelium kupora (mumaawa 24).

Inokuvadza ekushandiswa pamusoro cornea

Meso vanogara pasi zvinotevera nemigumisiro:

• zvokuimba kuonana zvacho zviri chakarembera mumhepo;
• Chemicals;
• mhepo kufamba;
• tembiricha kuchinja.

Pashure kuonana nezvavatorwa nyaya muziso munhu unconditional hunenge vari namahwindo kukotsira, misodzi achimhanya zvakasimba uye pane mukupindura chiedza. Misodzi anobatsira Kugeza panze wokumwe vamiririri kubva pechiso ziso. Somugumisiro, zvakazara vanoratidza runodzivirira kushanda cornea. Serious kuvadza goko kunoitika.

Chete unodzivirira maitiro kwakacherechedzwa mumakore pakunzwisisa makemikari, mune mhepo yakasimba, inopenya zuva, kutonhora nokupisa.

Eye zvirwere

Pane zvirwere zvizhinji ziso. Heano mamwe acho:

• Presbyopia - a penga nokuda kokuchembera muchimiro Kuona zviri mberi, apo elasticity pamusoro izvo akarasika, uye Zinn nemarunda kuti uriite simba. Zvakajeka kuona murume anogona chete kuramba ari kure kure. abnormality ichi rinowanikwa nezera.
• Astigmatism - mamiriro umo chiedza mwaranzi vari refracted zvakasiyana kwakasiyana-siyana.
• Nearsightedness (myopia) - matanda piringisha pamberi the retina.
• Kuona zviri mberi (hyperopia) - matanda piringisha seri the retina.
• Protanopia, kana upofu - mune chirwere ichi kwevanhu anenge asina mukana kuona zvose noruvara rutsvuku.
• Deuteranopia - kwete akaona girini uye zvose zvayo kwerima guru. The anomaly iri vachiberekwa.
• Acyanopsia - kana kukanganisa uku Ziso remunhu refraction hazvibviri kuona rinoreva zvose mutema.

Mune chiitiko upi hadzina kufambiswa zvakanaka mubasa iri nhengo wezvakaonekwa zvakakodzera kutaura nyanzvi - imwe ophthalmologist. Chiremba achaita kuitisa miedzo ose anodiwa uye pachishandiswa migumisiro vakawana rokuongorora. Zvadaro unogona kutanga kurapwa. Kazhinji, ruzhinji zvirwere chokuita kutyora yeziso, amenable kuti kururamiswa. The chete kunze ndivo vachiberekwa anomalies.

Science hazvirevi mumire, saka zvino cornea weziso kwevanhu mabasa anogona kudzorerwa ne kuvhiyiwa. Operation anokurumidza uye nyarara, asi nekuda kwaizvozvi unogona kubvisa ari kumanikidzwa vanofanira kuenda magirazi.