Rimfire zvombo: musimboti uye kwemupfungwa

Muna 1842 muFrance, yakanga yakagadzirwa pasi ruzha katuriji rinotarisirwa kudzidzisa dzomoto. Nhasi, ari chigadzirwa rinozivikanwa somunhu rimfire zvombo. Chimwe chigadzirwa anonzi "katuriji divi-moto." Nokuda yakaderera ruzha uye rakavimbika mashandiro, uyewo pasi Mari goko kwakakurumbira chaizvo munyika.

katuriji magadzirirwo "divi moto"

Muzana XIX remakore zvibereko gunsmith French Lui Flobera aiva ruoko pamwe zakrayku chakatsindirwa mukati maro madzinde percussion sezvamunoita. The zita goko rakanga nokuti kuti panguva vachiridzira mbambo raparadza inowira haana kupinda pakati, asi ayo peripheral nhengo.

katuriji ichi haina vakagadzirira pamwe upfu mutariri uye lähikuva. Kusunungura parison yakanga zvakakwana inflammable gasi chete nziyo. Kana kushandisa cartridges nokuparurwa kakawanda chakaitika panguva nzvimbo, apo kaviri vanobwembura panguva simba simbi vane chikuru gasi kufurirwa. Nokuti kugadzirwa mabara anoshandiswa advantageously kutungamirira. Dzimwe nguva kushandiswa chinangwa ichi, uye dzimwe simbi.

Nepo vatatu vaizivikanwa projectile caliber: rimfire zvombo 9 neMM, 6 mm uye 4 mm. Muna 1888, musi katuriji anotsanangura vagadziri Flaubert kuti American akasika dzavo shanduro caliber 5, 6 mm. Yokutanga ano rimfire katuriji 22 vaiona Short, iyo yakasiyana kubva ayo analoginen kubudikidza pamberi propellant vebasa.

Ko bara liner?

Under rimfire zvombo kufumurwa inopiwa yokudzivisa kusingadzoreki vachishandisa kutenderera bara vari dhiramu chiteshi. Izviwo, kunobatsirawo pamusoro rakarurama moto. Inoisa kungava maviri kuita:

• Nyore bvisika. Akagadzawo asati kupfura.
• Fixed.

Bara liner chibereko ane mvere dzikapupurira rwomukati iyo tapers noruvara pedyo tomu. Rokuvaka ichi, nheyo "humburumbira dzvinyiriro", naro nani zvakarurama kana kupfura. In kugadzirwa womukati pose bara liner akashandisa Michina mugero dornirovaniya. Izvi zvinopa chigadzirwa zvinodiwa kusimba.

Kushandiswa cartridges Flaubert

Izvi zvombo vaiona dzakaonda chaizvo uye vane pasi kutanga velocity ari bara, isingadariki 200 m / chik. nokukurumidza kwakadaro ndizvo kuti avhareji mhepo pfuti. Kusiyana mabara, iyo vakapakata Flaubert katuriji nendarira maoko parison kuti mune mumwe chete caliber bara ane vakawanda zvikuru. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, murume firearm hwakapiwa simba zvikuru simba.

Nhasi, cartridges izvi hazvina dzakakurumbira sezvo zvavaimboita - ivo akasundudzira akabudisa pellet nepfuti mhepo. The cartridges inogona kushandiswa pfupi akareba. Today vatanga kugadzirwa anokosha revolvers, akachinja kuti vachiridzira cartridges izvi. Revolvers vari inobudirira achishandisa kuzvidzivirira. Kana kupfura kubvira-refu barreled zvombo, kushandisa "cartridges divi", hapana tomu nokupenya uye Ruzha. Raidiwa varimi cartridges sezvo zvombo pamoto panguva dzinokuvadza nemakonzo. For Muzviitiko zvakadaro, mugadziri yakarumbidza zvigadzirwa dzine munhu idenderedzwa bara. cartridges ava nokuda nepfuti.

The pakuonekwa katuriji "Monte Cristo"

Zvombo Russian mugadziri Boehringer Flaubert kwakaita katuriji kwave kunyorwa kwenyaya uye mutengi zvava kuzivikanwa so "Monte Cristo." Kusiyana ishamwari French, Russian aiva yemudzimu zvikuru zvikukutu uye refu ruoko. Uyezve, zviri akashongedzerwa ane upfu mutariri upfu dema. Subject kushandura uye chimiro bara.

Zvaireva nani Chuck zvikurukuru kuti zvinangwa zvechiuto. Nokufamba kwenguva, izvozvo awana kushandisirwa nemambure uye mitambo kupfura. Nokuti kuti projectile ane pasi kukwanisa uye regai kuva nengozi kuti upenyu hwevanhu, zvombo, kushandisa zvombo hauna semhosva nepfuti. Pasinei neizvi, muna Russian Federation anoshanda zvombo pasi Flaubert zvombo hakubvumidzwi. Izvi imhaka yokuti hapana mitemo inodiwa advertising.

Chii yakanyorerwa yakaderera-simba Collet?

Panguva iyo katuriji Flaubert wakateverera zvinangwa:

• The katuriji inofanira kuva pasi ruzha.
• Kuva pasi simba - mano rakapinza bara.
• Kana kupfura kupa nguva refu rakarurama kwakafanorongwa.

Vose pamusoro zvinodiwa akasangana ne katuriji 5, 6 mm rimfire.

Features mureza chivhorovhoro katuriji

• Bara uremu ndiyo 2.55 magiramu.
• Long katuriji ane tomu velocity ine 335 m / chik.
• At chinhambwe 50 M bara Inowedzera kuti 300 m / s.
• At chinhambwe 100 M - 275 m / s.
• The chinhambwe 300 M - 217 m / s.
• Kushandiswa zeroing ari mamita 50 hwakazara zvakawandisa trajectory ari bara kusvika mamita maviri.
• 100 metres - 13.
• With 300 metres - 196.

Pfuti mureza rimfire katuriji 5, 6 mm rinopa kunoguma namahwindo kamuri, iyo inozivikanwa nokuva kugara tembiricha uye mwando nani.

Boehringer katuriji nhasi

Nhasi vatengi dzakakurumbira chaizvo rimfire cartridges ose caliber 5.6 mm. The cylindrical ruoko chakagadzirwa simbi kana ndarira. Mukurukuri wacho nepokuongorora flange neorzhavlyayuschim lähikuva sezvamunoita uye vatungamirire bara bezobolochennoy. Kuitira kuderedza svintsevanie yavo zvakaipa chaizvo paraffinic lubricants. Pane kuti upfu dema rinoshandiswa, nokukurumidza grained isina chiutsi. Graining nayo porous kana idenderedzwa.

Group cartridges nokuti chipfuro kupfura

Cartridge 5, 6 mm rimfire akawana kushanda kwayo anokanda makwikwi. Sezvo vose vari mumusangano vane iri akamira wakaenzana, nokuti uwandu kwavo dzinopindura zvakajeka dzomunyika zvinodiwa, maererano izvo mapedhi zvinogona kuva:

• Long pfuti Long pfuti. Nokuti akapa chokuguma (lr). Kushandiswa kupfura kubva nepfuti uye pfuti. The katuriji ane tomu velocity 350 m / s.

• Short - Anosova. Pachirehwa chete pfuti. Kugadzira mukuru-nokukurumidza kupfura kuti silhouettes yakasimbiswa mitemo dzakawanda anogona chete kushandisa rimfire katuriji 5, 6 mm. Ndeiya yakaita unhu caliber ichi panguva mitambo kuonekwa fanira kuvatori vechikamu vese. Kunyika kwayakabva hakunganzi.

Ndezvipi mazita vanoitisana uye sei anozivikanwa?

Zvichienderana rwendo rwenyu rimfire cartridges akakamurwa:

• Mitambo uye kuvhima. Bara anoyera 2.6 magiramu, kuti katuriji - 3.5 d katuriji saizi iri 25.5 mm mabara - 15.6 mm. Used zvemitambo nepfuti uye mubatanidzwa pfuti. zvigadzirwa izvi havasi pasi Kunyora.
• Kunanga-pfuti. Dimensions zvombo enderana mitambo - kuvhima cartridges. Shandisa mureza nepfuti kuti moto panguva pfupi marefu (50 mamita). Kunoonekwa pamwe tsamba "C".
• Pistol. Used singly Sport chivhorovhoro pamusoro chinhambwe 25 kusvika 50 mamita. Dimensions dzinoenderana chipfuro vanoitisana. Siyana uremu katuriji. The chivhorovhoro ane guru 3,3 magiramu. Wairatidza mbiri superposed shanu-zvakajeka nyeredzi.
• Mupfupi. Inoshandiswa vachiridzira nechokure isingadariki 25 mamita mumba. Cartridge kureba 17.9 mm mabara - 10,55 mm. bara uremu - 1,87 d katuriji - 2.52. Kushandiswa chokuguma mufananidzo sezvo denderedzwa.
• Mitambo pachiitwa "Biathlon". Kukura dzinoenderana chete zvemitambo uye kuvhima cartridges. bara uremu iri 2.7 giremu katuriji - 3.4, vashanu-rwakavakwa nyeredzi inoshandiswa chiratidzo.

Apo mumwe kushandiswa?

Modern basa gungano kuita pasina kushandisa inokosha pyrotechnic mano akadai kuvaka rimfire cartridges. Nhasi, vava hunokosha chero nzvimbo.

Kushandisa nokuwedzera Chuck rimfire rinogona vakavhiyiwa nyore uye nokukurumidza kongiri, zvidhina, plywood nezvimwe batana zvinhu. Zvino, tichishandisa katuriji pfuti uye zvombo ari tenzi haumanikidzwi vanochera buri. The Kubatana rinoitwa pakarepo, runokuponesai yekudyidzana nguva uye kushanda nesimba.

Ndechipi hwakawanda katuriji rimfire?

The chigadzirwa chinhu pyrotechnic mudziyo unokosha. Nokuwedzera chivhorovhoro okuvaka cartridges rimfire mashandiro ave simba rine inodiwa kuti kutyaira zvimiso mune zvinhu zviri densities siyana. Kusiyana kuhondo katuriji, kuvakwa anoonekwa kuti usimbe, nokuti haana akashongedzerwa bara. It ane chimiro ruoko duku, izvo Dultsev seamed.

Vazadze kushandiswa isina chiutsi upfu. Zvinobudirira chivakwa rimfire katuriji pashure detonation yacho lähikuva. The kuita anotora nzvimbo somugumisiro kurova nyundo pamusoro flange mucheto. rimfire zvombo pakuvaka indasitiri hakusi chete kuzvipedza. Panewo mufananidzo Berdan uye Boxer cartridges, nokuti capsules ayo achishandisa hondo nechepakati ichazivikanwa.

Chii musimboti hwezvekuita?

Kubatsira vanomhanyisa pfuti caliber rimfire cartridges 5,6h16, 6,8h11, 6,8h15, 6,8h18 akabvumira batanidza zvokuvakisa uye zvakagadzirwa vane dowels vane kukura vari kubva 3 kusvika 8 cm. Tinoshandisa nheyo zvakananga Kubhururuka.

A isina chiutsi gunpowder uremu iyo, sezvo liner pamusoro detonation Kamudzira iri dzakaparira pamwe gasi shanduka. Pamusana gasi ndiro simba iro chiito mugero yaiva nokuwedzera dowel pfuti dhiramu. Pashure kuvesa mutariri chivhariso anotanga kufamba nenzira akaberekera pamusoro akatasva zvinhu. Somugumisiro, guru kunetseka mugwara dowel rinopisa. Simba nokunaka maererano kunokwanisika nokuda kava uri dowel muviri pemvura.

Foreign mugadziri Sellier uye Bellot

Pakati zhinji Vagadziri zvigadzirwa zvatakawana mukurumbira mukuru yokumwe takasimba Sellier uye Bellot, unobereka zvombo rimfire caliber 5,6 - 9 mm. Nokuti mumwe chigadzirwa chinopa rakakodzera upfu mutariri. Construction chucks 5, 6 mm rimfire ane simba ari kuwanda 100 - 500 J.

Imhandoi zvakagadzirwa ndiyo anoshongwa?

Kubhururuka vatorwa mugadziri cartridges panofanira kuva ruoko yendarira, percussive akafanana uye upfu nokuchengeta. Kuti vave nechokwadi tightness yayo Dultsev ruoko seamed nemwaranzi asiterisiki. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, makadhibhokisi wad anogona kushandiswa.

utera

Zvakaipira chigadzirwa anoonekwa kuti ayo kudhura. Izvi imhaka nokushandiswa kweShanduro zvinodhura nendarira katuriji nyaya. Chimwe zvakaipira pagadzirwe Sellier uye Bellot ndechokuti propellant Mhosva aiswe ruoko vakasununguka uye kwete chakatsindirwa. Izvi zvinoderedza vachikwanisa yacho katuriji.

Russian akagadzirwa zvigadzirwa

Construction 5,6-6,3 mm caliber cartridges kugadzirwa Russia, asingadi kusangana zvinodiwa kweBrussels Convention nokuti dzakanaka ne 5 mm ruoko kureba. Uyezve, ane simba kukwana kushandisa dzakakwirira mutariri vanokwanisa. MuRussia, pakuvaka akaita zvombo rimfire caliber 6,8 mm. Upfu mutariri huri bvumidzwa ruoko, rinoshandiswa kuvhara TOUR asiterisiki.

Chii mazuvaano pakati pakuvaka katuriji?

Mushure zveBhaibheri zvakawanda hunowedzera rimfire cartridges Developers kwakasarudzwa dzavo dzinowedzerwa kuwedzera arambe achirema. nzira iyi kuitwa compressing madota mutariri. Kuva pasingapindike, kuti ruoko anokwanisa withstanding kuwedzera kwakadaro. In mureza katuriji pashure kuvakwa pomukuvadzi mbambo unopisa gunpowder granular mutariri. Rezasi Chikamu ruoko unotora mhosva ine pasi arambe achirema. Kuvapo nemaburi tsanga hazvivhiringidzi combustion. Munguva katuriji, wokupedzisira okugadziridza, kuti arambe achirema kuwedzera, uye somugumisiro, humboo Makwanza vari kuderedzwa, iyo zvino anobvisa munhu combustion munyika dzine vari ruoko.

Kwakasarudzwa kuumba idzva katuriji caliber 5.6 mm pamwe kushandiswa zvakawedzera simba kuwedzera pfuti. Mugore modernized Chuck combustion vhoriyamu inowedzera yekudyidzana uye muitiro kunopfuurira noruvara. Complete combustion kuti propellant zvinoriumba. Mushure kuwedzera arambe achirema vakachengeta chengetedzo magasi unburned gunpowder akaturikidzana. Somugumisiro hwakagadzwa nyeredzi pamusoro ruoko kana atorwa wads asina kutaurwa nguva isati yakwana. Kuwedzera arambe achirema kubudikidza compression kunoita basa kushongedzera liner mukuru guru upfu kuti zvinobatsira kunokanganisa tichikwanisa. It yakawedzera 30%.

Saka, mazuvaano chete rachinja liner mukati. External parameters uye kukura varambe kuchinja. In tichienzanisa dzakafanana kadikidiki mwero vanomhanyisa cartridges, itsva makawedzera chinzvimbo.

mhedziso

Vanoshandisa rimfire cartridges zvinogona chete apfuura pashure mirayiridzo makachengeteka. Asati atanga basa, tenzi anofanira kuziva izvo arambe achirema ane upfu mutariri, ari chivhariso richashandiswa. Zivo marongerwo zvavo kuvakwa cartridges unhu mashoko kuchabatsira kuti optimize nokushanda uye kudzivirira kuparara kushanda zvinhu uye chokushandisa.