Ndezvipi zvakanyanya kurara muchipatara neine pneumonia kune munhu mukuru kana mwana?

Nguva yekugara muchipatara pr-pneumonia inobva pazera, mamiriro omutumbi, chiyero chemapapu emapapu uye zvirwere zvinokonzera.

Nzira yekuziva sei nguva yechipatara?

Mushure mekusarudza muchipatara neine pneumonia, mubvunzo unomuka: zvakadini kuarara muchipatara neine pneumonia? Iyi nguva inobva pane zvakawanda zvinokonzera: kuoma kwechirwere, makore, rudzi rweutachiona, kukonzera kuputika. Kuvana nevakwegura, nguva yekurapa inowedzera nekufungira zvishoma kudarika kwezvinetso.

Vangani vanogona kurara muchipatara neine pneumonia, vanotsanangura kana kuti vanogadza chiremba anopinda pachikonzero chekuongorora, mufananidzo wemapfupa emvere uye mushure mekufungidzira kwoutano hwemurwere. Kuvhiringidza kwe sternum kunowedzera nekurapa kwakakodzera. Asi kazhinji varwere vanotsvaka rubatsiro panguva yekufambira mberi kwepamusoro apo inoda kutora mishonga yakasimba. Mushure memaitiro akadaro, zvinetso zvinokwanisika izvo zvinokosha kuti zvionekwe munguva yekutanga uye kugadzirisa chirwere chisina kubudirira.

Varwere vangaramba kurwara, asi vanachiremba vane ruzivo vanobvuma kuti pneumonia chirwere chinotyisa, uye kune zvimwe zvinogona kuguma nekufa. Saka, zvinokurudzirwa kuti uite mirayiridzo yechiremba. Achasarudza kuwanda kwekurara muchipatara nepineumonia uye kusarudza mishonga yakachengeteka. Uyu mubvunzo unonyanya kukosha pakusarudza nzira yekurwisana nechirwere muchechecheche uye vakadzi vane pamuviri.

Vanachiremba vanoona sei urefu hwechipatara?

Kuti unzwisise kuti yakawanda sei kurara muchipatara ine pneumonia, unoda kuziva bhuku rezvechiremba, uchibatsira kuramba uchiongorora kuoma kwemapapu chirwere. Kutevera nhanho-nhanho-mirayiridzo, unogona kudzivisa kuongororwa kusina kukodzera uye kuitazve kuderedzwa munguva yezvinetso zvakakomba. Nokuda kwekuongororwa, mamwe maitiro anoshandiswa: chirwere chehutano hwehutano, kukwanisa kushivirira mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Izvi zvichabatsira kunzwisisa kana pave nekuve nekugadziriswa kunokosha mukurapa.

Vangani vana vanorara muchipatara nemapineumonia, zvinoenderana nerudzi rwekuputika, kugoverwa muchiedza, mukati uye zvakanyanya. Chipatara chinotarisirwa chete munyaya yekupedzisira, asi kunyange nematambudziko akaoma, chirwere chinogona kugara kwemwedzi.

Saronga pakutanga kwechirwere, vangani vana vari muchipatara vane pneumonia, zvakaoma zvikuru. Chiremba anoisa kutanga kwekuongorora, izvo zvinogona kugadziriswa nemigumisiro yekucherechedza. Kusununguka kwokutanga kunobvira chete mukusavapo kwezviratidzo zvekuputika uye kufanotaura kwakanaka kwekudzorerwa kwehutano kumba.

Nzira yekuongorora mamiriro emurwere

Pakupindura mubvunzo iwoyo kuti yakawanda sei chirwere chinotapurirwa muchipatara chakare, chinofanira kuonekwa kuti varwere vakadaro vari munharaunda yakakomba uye vanowanzova nezvinetso zveimwe hurongwa. Varwere vanoda nguva dzose kuongororwa. Mune zvirwere zvisingaperi, kuora kwehutano hunoitika kamwe kamwe. Maminitsi ekusagadzikana anowanzokonzera kuremara, izvo zvichatoda mamwe maitiro ekudzosa.

Vanachiremba vanoshandisa muitiro weCURB65, unobvumira kuongorora mamiriro ezvinhu emurwere mumatunhu. Nzira iyi inobva pachidzidzo chinosanganisira mhinduro dzemibvunzo. Pamhinduro imwe neimwe, zvikwangwani zvinowanikwa, mhinduro yacho inopfupikiswa uye inoshandiswa kuongororwa zvinoenderana nemurwere inowanikwa. Tinonyora nzira yekuverenga chigumisiro.

Zvirongwa zvekuongorora mamiriro emurwere

Mazuva mashoma anobatwa sei pneumonia muchipatara kunoenderana nemhinduro kune mirayiridzo inotevera:

• Izvo zvinokonzera kushandiswa hazvidzokeri kwenguva yakareba. Izvo zvisiri pasi.
• Nhamba ye urea muropa inoongororwa, iyo purogiramu inowanikwa pamagetsi pane 7 mmol / l.
• Izvo zvakaratidzwa zvinoratidza kushungurudzika kwepanguva yekuziva.
• Murwere ane makore anopfuura 65.

Pane chero, kunyange imwe mhinduro yakanaka yemurwere inofanira kuiswa muchipatara. Dzidziso inobvumira kuziva kana murwere aifanira kutumirwa kuchipatara. Mhinduro kumubvunzo, kuti yakawanda sei pneumonia inotarisirwa muchipatara, ichapiwa nechiremba maererano nemigumisiro yekucherechedza nekuongorora.

Zvinhu zvinokuvadza

Inguva yakawanda sei muchipatara neine pneumonia, inobva pane zvakaenzana zvekugadzirisa uye rudzi rwekuputika. Kuziva mamiriro ezvinhu akaoma, zviratidzo zvepneumonia zvakasiyana:

• Kupisa kwemuviri wepamusoro, pamwe chete nekudhakwa kwakasimba kwemuviri.
• Mamiriro ehutachiona, apo kupisa kunopararira kumapapu maviri.
• Chikoro chiratidzo chakajeka chokukuvadza kumarara nemapapu. Mamiriro akaoma uye asina kukanganwa anowirirana ne purulent sputum.
• Focal inflammations inopindirana nekuumbwa kwekushaya kwomweya kwemuviri. Kuwanda kwekufema kunowedzera, kunowedzera. Mamiriro ehutano akaoma kana nguva inowanikwa makumi matatu neminiti paminiti.
• Murwere ane dambudziko mupfungwa. Zvose izvi zvinotungamirira mukuputsa kwekutaura, kufunga kwekufunga, zvinova zvakaoma kuita mabasa ezuva nezuva.
• Simba rakasimba kupisa uye kudhakwa kunokonzera kupera simba.

Nguva yezvipatara

Kwemazuva mangani akarara muchipatara neine pneumonia, zvichienderana nezera remunhu. Kune vana nevanhu vane makore akwegura, mazwi aya achava kwenguva refu, sezvo vanachiremba vanowedzera izwi nekuda kwekutya kukanganisa kusagadzikana kusinganzwisisiki mushure mekunge pneumonia. Izvo zvakanyanya kudiwa kuti ugare muchipatara kunoitika mumazuva mashomanana ekutanga kwekuputika. Panguva ino, migumisiro yakaipa zvikuru kubva kukurumidza kukura kwezviratidzo zvinogoneka.

Mazuva okutanga ekurwara anoda kuzorora kwevheche, kutarisa nguva dzose, mishonga yekukurumidzira uye kuora kwakanyanya muhutano. Kamwe zvakare, zororo rokurara rinokurudzirwa, chero kushanda kwenyama kunobviswa. Chirwere chinowanzofambidzana nekushisa kwemuviri, izvo zvavanoedza kubvisa nemishonga (kungopfuura 39 ° C). Izvi hazvirevi kune vecheche nevakwegura, uye kune vanhu vane zvirwere zvinokonzera.

Nguva yakareba muchinzvimbo chakakonzera inogona kutungamirira pakuumbwa kwemaonda ekuremedza, kudzivirira kwaro kunofanira kugara kuchiitwa. Saka, varwere vanokurudzirwa kuti vaite hafu yeawa anofamba mangwanani uye manheru.

Zvimwe zvekuchengetwa kuchipatara

Vakuru vangani vari muchipatara vane pneumonia kunobva pane zviito zvokudzivirira zvechiremba anoenda. Kuti kuwedzere utachiona uye kusimbisa simba, inhalations iyo inochenesa phlegm nekuputika mumarara inoshandiswa. Kuti kuderedzwa kudhakwa kwemuviri, kunwa mvura yakawanda inorayirirwa: compotes mune fomu inotonhora, herbal tea, jisi uye zvinwiwa zvezvibereko kubva pazvibereko zvitsva zvakasimwa nemabriji.

Kudya kwezvokudya kunobatsira kubvisa mutoro unowedzera pamagetsi. Yakakurudzirwa soups, mishonga yemiti, zviyo zvehove, miriwo mitsva. Oxygen therapy inobatsira kuchengetedza chikamu cheO2. Mumatambudziko akaoma, kushayikwa kwechimwe chinhu chinokosha kunoshandura kubuda mukati.

Kuongororwa kwevarwere vari muchipatara

Kuti usabvisa zvirwere zvakashata uye kushaya kwakakodzera kwemishonga panguva yekurapwa, zvinokurudzirwa kuitisa runyoro rwakakwana nerubatsiro rwemazuva ano emagetsi. Chokutanga pane zvose, vanachiremba vanoita keriniki kuongororwa, kuziva zvikwangwani zvemunhu akapinda. Chirongwa chepakutanga chekupindira kwepermonary chinosimbiswa, zvino X-ray inotorwa. Sevamwe nzira, maginist resonance imaging uye computed tomography inogona kushandiswa.

Kuongororwa kunogonawo kuitwa mukuvapo kwezviratidzo uye radiographs, izvo zvinoitika mumatambudziko mazhinji. Kubatsira panguva yakakodzera kunobatsira kurapa pneumonia pasina zvinetso munguva pfupi. Mumazuva mashanu murwere anorayira hutano hwake uye anogona kubviswa kuchipatara.

Mimwe miedzo yekuwedzera

Sezvinotsanangurwa nemuviri wevarwere, vanachiremba vanogona kushandiswa kuwedzere kuongororwa. Zvakakosha ndiyo zviratidzo zveropa: chiyero che urea, chiropa chechiropa uye nhamba ye electrolytes, chiyero chegaseous zvinhu kusvika muhuwandu hweropa.

Uyezve, chidzidzo chinoitwa nokuda kwekuvapo kwepneumococci mumuviri nemaitiro ePRR uye DNA kuonekwa kwepathogen. Izvo zvichange zvisingakoshi kuti uongorore ma antigen aL. pneumophila mumuguta, uyewo kuti uite kuongororwa kwema immunofluorescence pane bhakitiriya. Kana murwere asingakwanisi kugadzirisa chirwere chacho, ipapo chiremba anoita kuti aongororwe achizviziva pachake. Kazhinji kunonoka kunokonzera matambudziko anokonzera kuremara kwemurwere.

Kuita kuti huve zvakanaka, expectorants, painkillers inogona kushandiswa. Kusarudzwa kwekukanganiswa kwemakumbo hakubvumirwi. Sputum inofanira kubviswa pamapapu. Kana izvi zvisingaitiki, ipapo mvura inoshandiswa inowedzera muhutano. Kuoma mukufema kunongowedzera mamiriro ezvinhu.

Ivhareji yenguva yekurapa muchipatara

Kuwanda kwepineumonia kunobatwa sei muchipatara kune vana kunofanirwa kutora maantibioti. Dhiyabhorosi-kushandisa zvinodhaka zvinonyoreswa pakarepo kana pane kusava nechokwadi kwekuremera kwakanyanya kune vaduku-ku-vakuru uye vanhu vakwegura. Izvi zvakakosha kusabvisa mikana yekukurumidza kukura kwezvinetso, izvo zvinowanzoitika kuvana.

Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inotorwa kunyange mushure mekuvandudza hupenyu hwehutano hwekuparadzwa kwakakwana kwemakiromita mumuviri. Mishonga inotangira kubva pa7 kusvika kune makumi maviri zvichienderana nemamiriro emurwere uye rudzi rwepathogen: nemishonga inonzi staphylococcus inotora vhiki dzinopfuura 3, zvakafanana zvinoshanda ne legionella; Chirwere chepneumococcal chinoda therapy kwemazuva mashanu, uye nehutachiona hunoperebhacterial uye utachiona hwePseudomonas aeruginosa, mapiritsi anotorwa mukati memwedzi.

Kurapa kwevanhu vakwegura

Kune vanhu vanopfuura makumi matanhatu emakore, pneumonia inopisa upenyu. Zvinetso kubva kune zvirwere zvisingaperi zvinowedzera zviratidzo zvisati zvafadza. Misumbu nemuviri zvakaneta, hutachiona hahugoni kurwisa mabhakitiriya sepakutanga. Makomba anowanzoshungurudzwa nekuda kwekwegura kwechigunha.

Kazhinji kune vakwegura, kupararira kweropa hakugoni kuitika nekuda kwehupenyu hwakasarudzwa. Zvose izvi zvinomisa mitemo pamusana pemusana wemishonga. Nguva yehutano yakakwirira kwazvo kudarika varwere vaduku. Zvinetso mumapapu zvinogona kuitika mushure mekunge kune huwandu hwehutu, SARS. Pneumonia inokura nokukurumidza, saka apo kushungurudzika kwekutanga kwokuputika kunotsanangura mutemo wekuiswa muchipatara.

Kurapa kwevana

Dambudziko rekudzidzira pneumonia nderokuti hapana zviratidzo zvakasimba mumazuva ekutanga echirwere. Vacheche nevana vaduku vanoonekwa muchipatara pakarepo. Kuongororwa kwese kwechecheche kunongobatsira kudzivisa chikwata chepamusoro chechirwere, apo chatotoda kuderedzwa.

Nehutachiona hwehutachiona hapana hutano hwakanyanya, hutachiona hahwupi huchikomba uye kuputika pakutanga kwechirwere. Uye mwana ari kutotanga kunzwa asinganzwisisiki, kurara kunoputsika, chido chinopera. Ivana vangani vacheche vari muchipatara neine pneumonia, zvichienderana nechisarudzo chechiremba anoenda.

Kushandurwa mumamiriro ezvinhu kunogona kuonekwa kana kufema, kufema kwepfufu, kukwezva, kana kufemerwa kwekunze kunowanikwa. Mumifananidzo ye X-ray, nzvimbo dzine rima dzinoonekwa. Pano pane kuvhiringidzika kwemashoko akadaro kunogona kuva mazhinji. Izvo zvinoratidzirwa mune vakadai vakadai zvakanaka. Pashure pemazuva mashomanana ekutora antibiotics, pneumonia inopfuura.

Mhedziso maererano nehutano inogadzirwa pamusana pezvirevo zvinotevera: kufema kunyange, murwere anonzwa zvakanaka, hapana kurasa mumifananidzo sternum. Mushure mokusununguka, zvinokurudzirwa kuti uite chidzidzo chechipiri 2-3 mavhiki gare gare kusimbisa zvibereko zvekurapa. Kana zvichidikanwa, kurapa kunodzokorwa zvakare uchishandisa mamwe madhiragi.

Hazvibvumirwi kusangana nemunhu ane pneumonia uyo ari kutarisana navanhu vane utano. Mabhakitiriya anotapurirwa pamwe chete nemateko paanokanganiswa, saka vanogona kusvika pedyo.