Kutambudza mishonga pfuti "Turner". Mutsva mutsva pfuti "Turner"

Mushonga pfuti chinhu chishongo chiduku chinotarisirwa kumunhu mumwechete kana kuti boka, anoshandiswa kukunda simba remuvengi. Iko "Tokar" kurwisa pfuti ndiro chimbo, icho chichakurukurwa munyaya ino. Iko kunofanira kutaurwa kuti dzakawanda zvemashoko ari pamuenzaniso uyu zvinosarudzwa.

Russian submachine pfuti munguva yakapfuura

"Chimbo chakaparara kuburikidza nekukombwa kweLeningrad" chainzi iyo vana veSestroretsk instrument factory yakagadzirwa mumamiriro enzara, kusakosha kwezvinhu (zvose vanhu uye zvigadzirwa). Mukuremekedzwa kwevakagadzira - Alexander Ivanovich Sudarev - chimbo chainzi Sudarev submachine gun (PPS-43). Nokuti kukwirira kwadzo kwakasarudzwa kwakagamuchirwa muna 1943 zvaidiwa kuti kusikwa kwemarudzi aya ezvombo kwaive kudiwa kwekuwana imwe nzira yekare yakashandiswa PPSh-41 (Shpagin pistol-machine gun). Iyi mienzaniso nekuda kwehukuru hwayo hwakanga husingawanikwi zvikuru neti tank, mabhizimisi uye mazita ekuremekedza, uye zvaifanirawo kutakura huwandu hwemhomho nekuda kwehuwandu hwemoto wemuenzaniso.

Russian PP ikozvino

Mumakore ekuma1990, nokuda kwezvaidiwa neHurumende yeMukati weNyika, mhando dzeP-PP-91 "Kedr" dzakabudiswa pamwe chete nematanho e 9 × 18 PM uye PP-9 "Klin", iyo yakavandudzwa "Cedar". Caliber 9 × 18 mm. Pakazoitika, izvi zvinyorwa zvakabviswa kubva pakugadzirwa, zvakatsiviwa ne 9 × 19 mm.

Mukuonekwa, maenzaniso haana kusiyana kubva kune mumwe. Pakutanga, kukurudzirwa kwe "Cedar" kwakabva kune zvinhu zveSoviet armourer EF Dragunov-yakagadzirwa naEvgeny Dragunov.

Russian submachine pfuti inogara ichichinjwa kwete munharaunda yenyika pachayo, asiwo kunze kwemiganhu yayo. Somuenzaniso, muPublic's Republic of Poland (PNR) pakati pa1948 na1955, kugadzirwa kwezvombo, yakasarudzwa PPS wz.1943 / 1952, yakanga yakavakirwa pakurongeka kwePPS-43.

Hondo dzokutanga dzokurwisa muRussia kwete kwete chete

Chimbo chokutanga chokutengesa chenyika chakatorwa mumaoko evanhu muna 1916 painoedza imwe mhando yepfuti neRussia Imperial Army. Masoja aive nechido chisingaverengeki nokuti pfuti yacho yakabhururuka.

Hondo yeFyodorov yakaiswa muedzo wakaoma: yakachengetwa mumvura kwemazuva mazhinji, yakatarwa kwenguva yakareba ichienda kuguruva, ndokuzopfura. Mwana weFedorov akabudirira akaedzwa, asi yakanga isati yava automaton. Miedzo yakaramba ichinatsiridza zvombo zvitsva, zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira mapurisa zvakagadzirwa. Asi kamwe-kamwe hondo yenyika yakatanga, uye basa racho raifanira kuregererwa.

Panguva iyoyo kwakanga kusina zvombo zvakakwana mumapoka evanhu uye aifanira kugutsikana nezvinhu zvevamwe vanobva kune dzimwe nyika. Vaiva mapfuti eItaly, French uye America. Uyewo vane carabiners ve "Arisaka" vanobva kuJapan, vane makaridheji emakiromita matanhatu emamera akaitirwa ivo. Panguva iyoyo, izvi zvinyorwa zvaibudiswa pamba re cartrid muPetrograd. Uye Fedorov akasarudza kuchinja vana vake kumajapani eJapan.

Muna 1916, Fedorov akapfupisa chitunha chevana vake, akagovera zvombo zvine bhokisi rakagadzirwa nemabhokisi makumi maviri nemasere uye chibatiso chekupfura. Somugumisiro, mhirizhonga yokutanga yepasi pfuti, kupisa kuputika, yakabudiswa.

PPF muhondo

Ichi chombo chakashandiswa kusvikira muna 1940. Kutaura kwokupedzisira kwaro kunowanikwa munguva yeRussia-Finnish hondo. Mamwe mauto akabatana evevengi, aine zvombo zveSuomi submachine, aive achikuvadza zvikamu zve Red Army kusvika kure nepfuti, uye mushure mekutsinhana kwechipiri kwe moto zvakare. Mukuona kwezvakadaro, murairo weRoom Army yakasarudza kudzokera kunoshumira PAP yakatanga kugadziriswa (Degtyarev's submachine gun) uye, saizvozvowo, mwana weFedorov.

Mushure mehondo yeRusso-Finnish, PAP haina kushandiswa, kunyange zvazvo kune maonero evanyori vezvakaitika kare kuti akawana kushanda muzvikamu zvakasiyana panguva yehondo yeMoscow munguva yeHondo Yenyika Yechipiri.

Hondo yakatinhira pasi pekudhonza kwePPSh, MR-40, Thompsons nezvimwe zvombo. Muna 1944 chete, Hugo Schmeisser akabudisa vana vake StG-44 (SturmGewehr 44 - mukushandura kubva kuGermany "pfuti yokurova"), uye kare muna 1947 kwaiva nenhamba ye automaton imwechete-yakagadzirwa neKalashnikov. Yakaenda kune yakapfuura, pfuti pfuti, uye pfuti zvinyorwa zvakatora.

Tokar naKord

"Tokar" uye "Kord" (yakagadziriswa) mhando yepfuti yakabudiswa muna 2013 pane firati inoratidza kuvamiri vehondo. Kutarisirwa kwekufambiswa - shanduro yehofisi yemuti weKovrov anonzi V. Degtyarev. Maererano neyakagadzirirwa nyumburu (cd), "Turner" inofanira kumiririrwa nemuchina wemapuraneti ane tape uye masimba emagetsi ezvitoro nenzira yakafanana neyekuMadokero mitambo yakadaro 5.56 mm M249 FNMinimi (USA) uye 7.62 mm IWINegevNG7 (Israel).

Description of the new machine gun

Mashoko acho anonyatsotsanangurwa, chete tsanangudzo pfupi inonyatsozivikanwa. Iti "Tokar" inoputira pfuti inenge yakakura anenge 6.5 kg, kureba necheka rakapetwa uye trongedzero ichave 900 mm, uye kupfupika - 700 mm.

Zvinogona kugadzirisa urefu hwechitengo, uyewo kuvapo kwe "Picatinny" slats pakusongedza maonero ekuonesa uye zvimwe zvimwe zvigadzirwa. Maererano nemaitiro uye zvigadzirwa zvemhizha, mhangura yemapuraneti ichava nehuwandu hwemoto pa550-650 uye 900-1 000 kumativi ose paminiti, pamwe chete nebhadhi rinotsiviwa, rakagadzirirwa 15 000 shots.

Zvombo zvitsva zveNational Guard

Musi waApril 25, 2016, zvisingatarisirwi, neHurumende yeZvenyika yakasimbisa tete yekugadzirwa kweTokar-2. Izvo zvakataurwa kuti kuwedzera kune zvakataurwa zvinonzi Degtyarev, kukanganiswa kweKalashnikov kuchakudziridza zvakare.

Zvakaoma kutaura kuti chii chakaita kuti pfuti yepfuti "Turner" iri kugadziriswa. Kuongororwa saizvozvo zvakasipo, kunyangwe kunyange zvifananidzo zvemuenzaniso zvakaoma kuwana, nokuti purojekiti inorongwa. Mumwe anogona kungogadzirisa matanho uye zvigadzirwa zvehutano zvinopiwa kune itsva Tokar-2.

Kuenzanisa pakagadzirirwa zvinyorwa zvemasampuli aya, zvinogona kugumiswa kuti mutsva wokutsvaga "Turner" hauzove nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwemoto. Sezviri pachena, pfungwa iyi yakatungamirira kumagariro ekugadzirwa kwechimbo uye, sechikonzero, kuwedzera kuwanda kana chimwe chinhu, izvo zvingangofungidzirwa. Zvimwe zvinotarisirwa kuduti zvakachinja zvakare: maererano nezvinodiwa zvitsva, zvinofanira kunge zvakagadzirirwa zviuru gumi, asi chiyero chekutanga chakataurirwa kune 15 000. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekugadzirisa kwemuenzaniso nekuda kwekubviswa kwechidimbu chekushanduka kwemaoto, kana kuti Degtyarev plant chete, Dambudziko rega chete nemari yezvigaro zvekurova mhangura, rinoramba richifungidzira. Nokuda kwekutaura, bharani rePK-74 pfuti rakagadzirirwa 25,000 shots. Zvishoma nezvishoma uye zvinotendeukira pakuvandudzwa kwezvitoro zvekumativi makumi mapfumbamwe, panzvimbo yavo paTokar-2 ichava 60-cartridge. Chii chichaguma kupedza makwikwi pakati pevashandi vaviri vezvombo zvehondo, ichazivikanwa muna December 2017.

"Turner" uye "Ratnik"

Inofanira kuudzwa zvishoma nezvekuti "Tokar" mhangura yemishonga ichawana sei. Ichi chombo chinokurudzirwa mukati megadziriro yeprojekti "Ratnik" - muenzaniso wezvishandiso "musoja wenguva yemberi". Concern "Kalashnikov" (Izhmash plant) yakagadzirwawo AK-12 mhangura yemapurisa ekushongedza "Ratnik". Murwi weKalshnikov wokurwisa wegore ra2012 muenzaniso wakafanana neA AK-74M, asi nehuwandu hwekuvandudza ergonomic. Michina yakachengetedza maitiro ekutanga, kuvandudzwa kwakagadzirwa kune hurongwa hwekuvandudza kunyatsorurama nekururama.

Vakakwikwidzana nekutinhira - dhi Degtyarev - vakapa AEK-971, yakagadzirwa muma1980. Maererano nemamwe maongororo, ari mberi kwe AK-12. Chimwe chikamu chechigamba chitsva ndiyo nzira yekuenzanisa. Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti kana kupfura zvombo zvichisarudzwa uye zvisingabvi pamutemo wekuona, izvo zvinoshungurudza zvakaipa nekururamisa kana ichipfura kwenguva shoma. Muti weKovrov wakagadzirisa dambudziko iri nekuisa inyanzvi yebharari uye bhutori, iyo inenge ichitarisana nemigwagwa inoderedza kubviswa kwedu.

Somugumisiro, kuregererwa kunoderera, kutuka kweguru kunoderera, nekuda kwekuti kusarurama uye kururama kunowedzera. Uye kusikwa kwekunetseka "Kalashnikov" hapana yakadaro. Zvisinei, kushandiswa uye kushandiswa kwemashure kweAEK kuchave kwakanyanya kudhura kupfuura AK.

Vadzvinyiriri?

Chii chinoguma nekuita "kupikisana" pakati pezvibvumirano zviviri zvehurumende zvombo zvekugadzirisa zvombo, zvichazivikanwa munaDisemba 2017. Zvisinei, kunyange ikozvino munhu anogona kutaura kuti kuvandudzwa kunonzi "Tokar-2" kwakaitwa neziso kumakambo akakanganisa uye kukanganisa.

Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti kukurudzirwa kwemumwe mushandi hakungogumiri pane zvakaitwa nemusunguri iye pachake, asiwo pakururamisa, nemaitiro uye nemaitiro ekugadzira basa. Muchiitiko ichi, basa rayo nderokuti tactical uye tekodhi zvinoda zvechigadzirwa. Pasina mubvunzo, kuumbwa kwezvinhu zvakadaro kunonyanya kukosha pakuita basa rinowanikwa pane zvitsva zvezvombo zvekushandisa. Nokudaro, zvikanganiso zviduku zvakaitwa panguva iyi, zvinogona kukura kuva zvikanganiso zvakanyanya kune zvinotevera. Zvingave zvakasarudzwa kukudziridza muenzaniso uyu mune rumwe rutivi kana kwete, hachiri kuzivikanwa.

Summing up

Mukupedzisa, tinofanira kutaura mazwi mashomanana nezveTokar-2. Muchidimbu uye zvigadzirwa zvehutano zvekurova kwepfuti, kururamisa kwekubhururuka kunonzi kwakadzika kudarika kune imwechete RPK-74, inenge 40%. Zvinhu izvi zvinogamuchirwa kuti zvigadzirwe pamakwikwi marefu munzvimbo dzakapoteredza. Asi ipapo mubvunzo unoramba usina kugadziriswa nezvekuti nei tichida imwe yemvura yakareba inoshandiswa kune Turner.

Izvozvo zvinonzi kuyerwa hazvizi kupfuura 6.5-7 kg. Kune rumwe rutivi, zvinorema 2 kg zvinorema kupfuura PKK-74, kune rumwe rutivi - pamwero weAmerican M249 Para - mhepo ine simba shoma shomanana yakasungwa. Kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwemoto kusvika kumazana mazana mapfumbamwe nemapfumbamwe nemazana mana paminiti hakusi kwakakwana, sezvo mamiriro ekudzimba emakiromita 600-650 ave akazviratidza.

Pane mibvunzo yakawanda inomuka pamusoro pekugadzirwa kwemagazini yekutenderera makumi matanhatu, nokuti runyanga rwe RPK-74 rine simba re 45 rakaratidza kuti rakanaka kwazvo. Especially the same tape machine gun. Muchidikanwa, teteeclassic chiziviso chinoziviswa kune zvitanhatu, kunyange zvazvo zvatove zvakasikwa kwemaviri kana zvitatu nzvimbo. Asi pano tinogona kutaura pamusoro pomumwe munhu "akakodzera" nokuda kwomuviri wemuswi.

Mhedziso ndeyekutevera: zvakajeka kuti kune chido chekudziridza rudzi urwu rwezvombo (kurwisa zvombo zvinoshandiswa kuHurumende yeZvenyika), asi zvichida, muna December 2017 hazvizove nguva inokosha mubasa iri. Nguva ichataura. Asi pakupedzisira yakanga isati yakasarudzwa apo kurwiswa kwepfuti "Turner" inopinda mukugadzirwa kwemahombekombe. Pano pane mukana wekuti OCD ichaziviswa pa "Turner-3".