Iyo pfungwa uye marudzi ezvitini

Masonyi chivako chekuvaka chakave nezvidhinha kana mabwe akaiswa padanda uye kutakura mutoro waro uremu uye uremu hwezvinhu zvakagadzikana zviripo. Masonry inogadzirwa mune imwe urongwa uye inoita kupisa kwemazuva uye kushandiswa kwemhepo.

Pamabasa ekugadzira mashandisi anoshandiswa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzemarara: sement, lime-cement uye lime.

Kune marudzi akadaro ezvitini:

- yakasimba. Muchiitiko ichi, masonry anotaridzika seti yakasimba, monolith yakasimba;

Chiedza. Mune chimiro ichi, chikamu chemasvingo chinotsiviwa nemhepo inopfigira zvinhu kana kuti ine mhepo yakanyarara. Mhando dzakawanda zvikuru dzekugadzira mazamu akadai zvakanaka, zvidhinha-concrete anchor, ane mitsetse mitatu yemasara, ane mukati mukati mekudzivirira uye nemhepo interlayer;

- Kusimbiswa. Mhando dzakadaro dzezvidhinha dzinosimbiswa nesimbi dzesimbi kana mambure. Zvose zvinoshandiswa kwenguva refu uye zvisizvo zvinogona kushandiswa.

Mune maitiro ayo, masonry uye zvidhinha, zvikurukuru, ane mawindo eparallelepiped, apo zviso zvose zvine mazita avo ezvemhizha. Nokudaro, iyo mikuru mikuru inonzi iyo yepamusoro uye yakadzika mubhedha, ndivo ndivo vanoisa dombo pamatope, rutivi ruduku rwakatarisa runonzi mazita, uye kureba kunonzi spoons.

Mitsetse yose yekugadzira mazita ane mazita avo, saka mitsetse yakanyanyisa inonzi mavhesi, kune rumwe rutivi rwechikwata chiri kunze kwekunze, mukati mukati mekamuri mune mukati mukati. Kana paine mitsetse yekugadzira masonari pakati pezvitsiga, vanonzi vabutovochnye (zabutovka).

Kana mutsara wacho wakaiswa nenzira yakadai kuti zvipembenu zvinoratidzika kunze - mutsetse unonzi spoon, kana iwe ukaona chikwata, ipapo chikwata chechikwata. Kureba kwemutsara wemasonry kunosvika kureba kwezvidhinha pachako uye kubwinya kwechidimbu chechidimbu chedu, iyo, pamwero, inenge yakareba 1.2 cm.Upamhi hwemasvingo hunoita hupamhi hwemasvingo uye inofanira kuva yakawanda yehafu yezvidhinha. Kana yakatemwa, uwandu hwezvibatanidza zvakatorwa hunoongororwa uye, pamwero, iyi inokosha 1.0 cm.

Chero mhando ipi zvayo yebrickwork inofanira kuva yakanamatira bandaged. Iko kusungirwa kwezvidhinha kunoitwa kuburikidza neshoko rakarongwa nematombo uye rinonzi chirongwa chekugadzira. Nzira yekupfekedza ndeyemutsara mumwechete kana mhete (munyaya iyi, kuiswa kwebrickwork kunoumbwa nekugadzirisa kushandiswa kwepuni uye mitsetse miviri), mutsara wakawanda (zvishanu zvakatevedzana zvakagadzirirwa mitsetse zvakasungirwa nemapanga) uye mutsara mitatu (mitsetse mitatu yepuni inotorwa, iyo iri mumigwagwa yepuni, Vertically).

Zvichienderana nechinangwa chepurasitiki chinoshandiswa uye ndezvipi zvinodiwa nehupamhi hwepamberi pepamberi (pasi pezvakagadzirwa kana kuti pamba) mukuvakwa kweizvi nzira dzokugadzira mazamu:

- Press. Masonry inoitwa purasitiki kana yakaoma, mitsetse inogona kuiswa kunze kwepuni uye bumper;

- Nenguva yakajeka. Masonry inowanikwa pamatanda epurasitiki, mhemberi nechemberi nechemberi haisati yanyatsozadzwa, kushandiswa kwetatu hakuna kudiwa uye pamusoro pemadziro kunoda kuvezwa;

- nekugadzira mhinduro. Masonry inoitwa padanda remapulasitiki, zvikwata zviri mberi zvakanyatsozadzwa;

- hafu-nzira. Inoshandiswa pakurara muwattle.

Unhu hwemasvingo huri kutungamirirwa nekushanda mifananidzo nekugadzira mitemo. Muvezi, mukushanda kwebasa rake, anofanirwa kuongorora kukodzera kwekugadzira bhande, kuzadza uye kuoma kwemaseri, kuonekwa kwemakona nemitsetse yakanyatsokwana, kuwanikwa nekururamisa kwekuiswa kwechikwangwani nesimbi dzisungo, hutano hwehupamhi kubva kumberi kwepamberi - kusarudzwa kwezvidhinha, kuchengetwa kwemavara uye mararamiro, .