Chii JavaScripts? Basic JavaScript mabasa

Web-mumanyoro ndivo epaTV zvinonyorwa zvakananga mune HTML-remitemo kana chete ari mafaira, izvo zvinodiwa. Mapurogiramu aya akanyorwa JavaScript. Saka, kunze kwokuti Javascripts zvakadaro, tinogona kutaura kuti chinhu mutauro zvirongwa iri zvichishandurwa.

JavaScript ari kuverengwa Browser, uye ipapo kumhanya yakanyorwa mashoko, uye kutarisira, izvo kuisa pamusoro peji. JavaScript pamusoro nemarongerwo yako yakafanana mapurogiramu mitauro akadai Java, C ++ uye C.

JavaScript chikwereti chacho chitarisiko kuti kukura makambani akadai Sun Microsystems (Oracle) uye Netscape (Mozilla). Zita MuchiHebheru aiva LiveScript. Zvisinei, nokuti panguva iyoyo aiva akakurumbira chaizvo mutauro Java kubva kambani Sun Microsystems, Netscape wekambani yokutengesa dhipatimendi, kwakasarudzwa kushandura zita mutauro muna JavaScript. Kana izvi zvave dzaona kuti danho iri rinowedzera mutauro akakurumbira. Uyewo, kunze kwokuti Javascripts dzakadaro, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti Java uye JavaScript akasiyana mitauro miviri.

ECMA-262 ndiyo yepamutemo mureza mutauro. Zita mutauro JavaScript - ECMAScript.

Nokuti kudzidza mutauro uyu achava kubatsira risati ruzivo pamusoro CSS uye HTML. Kana usati nguva ino hauzivi pamusoro CSS uye HTML, chinofanira kuva pakarepo dzinodanana.

Kurambidzwa uye JavaScript nezvaanogona

Zvinotevera zvimwe zvinooneka chikumbiro padandemutande-mapeji manyorero [kubviswa]:

• Chakawedzera dzakasiyana-siyana kuchangamuka kwemigumisiro, usina akaziva pachishandiswa HTML uye CSS.
• Kugona kushandura HTML kugutsikana zvinhu uye kuwedzera Tags itsva pasina reloading peji.
• Kuteerera chiitiko (Achipindura User chiyamuro) - kubudiswa keystrokes pamusoro kiibhodhi uye negonzo cursor.
• Implementation pamusoro macheki izvi, vakanga akatanga muminda chimiro pamberi vakatumira Server. Izvi kunoderedza mutoro pamusoro server ukurumidze yebasa.
• Kuziva shanduro Browser uye vapinze aida peji yakavakirwa ichi.

Izvi hazvisi mazita rakazara scripting nezvaanogona, zvakanyorwa mumutauro uyu, JavaScript mabasa ane zvikuru zvimwewo zvaanoreva.

Kuwedzera kune izvi features, pane zvausingakwanisi kuita mashandisiro pezviitiko:

• Hapana kuwana mafaira kuti anoiswa pamusoro kombiyuta yacho rokushandisa. Kazhinji, havawani kunze padandemutande peji yacho pachayo. Kusara zvingava chete kudzayi kuti inogona kuverenga zvakanyorwa pamwe JavaScript. Vanovengwa ichi mhando anowanzoshandurwa chete zvinodiwa kuti peji mutoro nokukurumidza.
• Hakuna mukana muchinjikwa nzvimbo queries, kureva kuwana mukana Web mapeji dziri yakasiyana achazoburuka, kunyange kana vari yakazaruka iri pedyo Tabs.
• Hapana nzira kuvhara Tabs uye mahwindo akavhurwa nayo.
• Hakuna mukana kudzivirirwa epakutanga papeji uye kurambidza kutevedzera mifananidzo kana chinyorwa kubva peji. Izvi anosiya mukana kuwedzera zvimwe zvinorambidzwa kuti anobvumira JavaScript mabasa.

mitemo yakadaro vari dzimwe nzira dzakaoma kuuraya bumbiro kwakaipa.

Chii Javascripts?

Sezvo ini pamusoro apa, JavaScript - mutauro inopa interactivity kuti padandemutande mapeji. Achibatsirwa mutauro uyu ndiwo zvikumbiro kuti vanobatanidzwa mune HTML-bumbiro. Somuenzaniso, imwe kunyoresa chimiro kana remibvunzo akazadza nenzira user. JavaScript runowanzotaurwa kuvhiringidzwa Java, asi pakati izvi mitauro zvishomanana zvakafanana.

Vamwe kunyange enzanisa nevamwe mutauro JavaScript Ruby, Self, Python. Asi chinhu yoga mutauro.

kushandisa JavaScript

Uchishandisa JavaScript, unogona kuchinja kuti peji, kushandura zvinhu zvidavado, wedzera kana kubvisa tags. Zvinogonekawo kuti kudzidza pamusoro wayo rokushandisa zviito papeji (kuderera kana kuwedzera nokushanda kunharaunda chidzitiro, the clicks pamwe negonzo, chewaini chero makiyi, peji scrolling). Zvinokwanisika kuwana chero chinhu HTML-bumbiro uye kumonyanisa pamwe maatomu akafanana izvi. Saka, mhinduro yomubvunzo wokuti, "Chiiko JavaScripts?» Chichava mukana kukopa umboo pasina reloading peji, chiyamuro mashoko, pakururamisa kana kuverenga kudzayi uye nokuita zvimwe zviito zhinji.

Hwaro kusiyana JavaScript

The chikuru mavambo mutauro uyu kuti ane rutsigiro zvinenge zvose browsers uye ane rizere kusangana navo. Zviito zvose muna JavaScript vari nyore chaizvo. Hakuna mumwe Michina kuti rinokwana mikomborero zvakadaro. Somuenzaniso, hapana muchinjikwa-Browser, havasi kunotsigirwa browsers zvose (zviri XUL, ActiveX, VBScript). Uyewo, pane avo kuti urege zvakakwana nokusangana pamwe Browser. It Silverlight, Flash, Java. Parizvino pane kukura zvikuru ruzivo urwu, uye JavaScript zvinhu vari dzakabudirira 2.

Alternative mitauro programmmirovaniya

Zviri kuti JavaScript ipfupi. Muchiitiko chino, kuchabatsira zvirongwa mitauro zvinotevera.

Java

Zvikuru kushandiswa mutauro - Java. Tichibatsirwa mutauro chakarondedzerwa algorithms yakaoma, asi hazvina nguva dzose kunodiwa pamusoro kwakajairika Website. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, refu nguva kukopa Java-applet`y uye vane yakawanda.

mbaravara

Kubva pakutanga, mutauro Flash yakagadzirwa pamuchinjikwa-brazuerny uye pakusika Multimedia zvinhu. Somuenzaniso, kuti asike dyidzana kunzvimbo online, mitambo, mireza, vatambi kuti ekuteerera uye vhidhiyo. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, kushandisa Flash kusika rimwe (zvakarukwa nokwauri), unogona kushanda pamwe zvenhau, yokuchengetera zvinhu kuti havafaniri kutumira zvikumbiro kuna Server. Pane mukana graphical kukura maturusi kuti Flash.

Kana tikaenzanisa zvinokanganiswa Flash uye JavaScript, izvo zvinhu vakasiyana chaizvo, chikuru zvakaipira Flash ndiwo ayo murombo Indexing nokuda kutsvaka injini. Izvi imhaka yokuti kutsvaka injini kuenda nokuda Links HTML. Uyewo hapana kukwanisa kusarudza chinyorwa chiri Flash mugaba.

Silverlight, Vbscript, JavaFX, XUL

To mukwanisi JavaScript nezvaanogona apo kuvaka interfaces uye kukurukurirana, kushandiswa Silverlight zvigadzirwa, Vbscript, JavaFX, XUL.
Ivo anoshandiswa zvikuru kashoma kupfuura Flash uye JavaScript. Kusimbisa zvinoitwa nomumwe wavo anogona kutaura zvinotevera:

- XUL - akashandiswa rondedzero pakombiyuta zvikumbiro uye interfaces. Asi zvinokwanisika chete kune imwe purogiramu Mozilla.

- JavaFX - chete anoshanda pakombiyuta pamwe Java, nokuti kuwedzera mutauro.

- Vbscript - yakanga yakataurwa Microsoft. Akashumira sehwaro Visual Basic. mutauro uyu hazvirevi kuva chero nzira, mumazuva idzi kashoma kushandiswa, zvichienderana rimwe goho JavaScript.

Silverlight - yakanga yakataurwa Microsoft somunhu mukwikwidzi kuna Flash. Uyewo haana mukurumbira zvikuru sezvo JavaScript hungiso vanogona zvikuru kupfuura peji manyorero.

Sei vakwanise JavaScript uye chii JavaScript kukanganisa

Zvino zvakafanira kuti kukurukura matambudziko ezuva nezuva kuti vanoshandisa pamusoro pemambure. Nhasi, vakawanda kazhinji zvinoitika kuti inodzidzisa pashure achishanyira peji yake mumagakava. zvakarukwa anoona rokumusoro hwindo kukanganisa mashoko "JavaScript haina kwakaita", "Nokuti ichishanda zvakanaka nzvimbo dzinoita JavaScript», «JavaScript kukanganisa». How kuchigadzira - isiri nyaya nekuti apo pane aiomerwa vachizvitakudza mavhidhiyo uye nepikicha user.

sei I vakwanise JavaScript muna Mozilla Firefox

Kana mushandisi kushanda Mozilla, unofanira kuenda "Tools", ipapo "Settings". Zvadaro, musi Tab "Mukati" unofanira tick bhokisi anozivikanwa "Use JavaScript".

Sezvo JavaScript Rinowanikwawo Google Chrom

Kuti vakwanise kana chokukuvadza JavaScript ari mubrowser anotevera nzira kunodiwa :. "Kuumba uye kuronga Google Chrom", "Settings", "Advanced", "Personal Data (kuisa mukati)", "JavaScript" Bvumira nzvimbo dzose kushandisa JavaScript (inokurudzirwa).

sei I vakwanise JavaScript muna Opera

Kuti vakwanise kana chokukuvadza JavaScript ari mubrowser kunodiwa kuita zvinotevera:

- achizviendesa F12 kiyi.

- Sarudzai kusarudza "Enable JavaScript".

Sezvo JavaScript rwuripowo kureva ( "Internet Explorer")

Kuti vakwanise kana chokukuvadza JavaScript mu "Internet Explorer", munoda kuita zvinotevera: "Tools", "Internet Options", "Security" Tab, "Sarudzai Internet mapazi", "Custom Level" bhatani, sarudza "nezvezviitiko", "Rega mumanyoro."

JavaScript mu VC

Zvikuru rakakurumbira Kishi pasocial network "VKontakte" kazhinji zvipo zvinoshamisa. Kuwedzera, vanoshandisa "VKontakte" kunyunyuta nekusagona kuteerera makaseti, kana kuti kutadza kuona vhidhiyo.

Kugadzirisa dambudziko iri zvinoda JavaScript kukanganisa kururamiswa pamusoro pemambure "VKontakte".

Chii JavaScript VK chikanganiso?

A mushandisi akashanyira imwe peji iri pasocial network uye vakaedza kutanga vhidhiyo kana Audio faira, asi zvino anowanikwa yepamusoro rworuboshwe kukona akanyorwa «JavaScript kukanganisa: initAddMedia haina kunorondedzerwa». shoko iri rinowanika kana kukanganisa
«[Rinobvumirwa] initAddMedia».

Nzira kugadzirisa dambudziko chikanganiso iri pasocial network "VKontakte":

- First, unoda kuenda "Start," "wangu Computer" forodha uye Windows. Zvadaro kumufungira chikamu system32 forodha mutyairi. Zvadaro muna forodha etc.

- In pakati vashoma mafaira ari forodha unoda kusarudza wehondo faira.
Ipapo faira kuzarurwa nokushandisa "nebhuku rokunyorera". Zvinoita seizvi: pamusoro ari wehondo ikwidzwe unofanira achizviendesa kurudyi mbeva bhatani uye sarudza "Open With." Zvadaro unogona kusarudza "chinyorwa Editor WordPad».

Mushure kuzarura faira uchida kutarisa faira nhoroondo 127.0.0.1 localhost. Chero vamwe Entries vari okushamisira uye chete kudzivisa uye kuvhara akatsiga nokushanda okuteerera nemavhidhiyo mafaira. Zvakakosha kubvisa zvachose mashoko ose kubva faira uye kutevedzera chete rakanyorwa 127.0.0.1 localhost. Next, unofanira baya "Save" uye restart kombiyuta yako. Apo "VKontakte" peji hwakazotevera kushanya zvose zvichava kushanda zvakanaka.